This Report About Low Pass Filter

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This Report about Low pass filter

Analog Communication

Name of students :
Isra Omer
Elaf Ahmad
Eman Hussen
Ahmad Abubakr Sdiq

Supervisor By Teacher Jabbar


Introduction:

In electronic circuits systems it is often helpful to separate a specific


range of frequencies from the total spectrum. A filter is a type of circuit
that passes a specific range of frequencies while rejecting other
frequencies. A passive filter consists of passive circuit elements, such as
capacitors, inductors and resistors.

Low-pass filter : designed to pass all frequencies below the cut-off


frequency and reject all other frequencies above the cutoff .

Cutoff frequency:

In physics and electrical engineering, a cutoff frequency, corner


frequency, or break frequency is a boundary in a system's frequency
response at which energy flowing through the system begins to be
reduced (attenuated or reflected) rather than passing through. Typically
in electronic systems such as filters and communication channels,
cutoff frequency applies to an edge in a lowpass, highpass, bandpass, or
band-stop characteristic – a frequency characterizing a boundary
between a passband and a stopband. From a graph we can find the
cutoff frequency by finding the frequency where the magnitude of the
output voltage is 70.7% off from the maximum value. In another way,
the frequency when the signal magnitude is Vpp/sqrt(2). It can also be
calculated from the R and C values as
Low-pass Filter

1. Set up the circuit in figure 1. Channel 1 is observing the incoming


signal and channel
2. is looking at the out coming signal. Make sure you use the same
ground point in your circuit for both channels. 2. Set the Vin to 3.5
volts peak to peak (3.5 Vpp) at 500 Hz.
3. Use the measurement tools on the scope to measure the
amplitude and frequency of the incoming signal and outgoing signal.
4. Record the data for 10 points from 500 Hz to 10,000 Hz

5. Graph the results of Vout vs. frequency

6. Use the graph to find the cutoff frequency.

7. Calculate the cutoff frequency and compare

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