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Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí: Alezander Castrellon

This summary discusses key aspects of second language acquisition (SLA). It defines SLA as the study of how learners develop a new language system with limited exposure to a second language. SLA is concerned with why most second language learners do not achieve native-like proficiency. It also examines the importance of SLA for linguistics, language pedagogy, and cross-cultural communication. The summary then provides definitions for terms like native language and target language. It explores the nature of language in terms of sounds, syntax, morphology, semantics, and pragmatics. Finally, it discusses the concept of an interlanguage and how learners impose structure on the linguistic data of their new language

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Jhosnot Ronal Alexander Castrellon
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41 views5 pages

Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí: Alezander Castrellon

This summary discusses key aspects of second language acquisition (SLA). It defines SLA as the study of how learners develop a new language system with limited exposure to a second language. SLA is concerned with why most second language learners do not achieve native-like proficiency. It also examines the importance of SLA for linguistics, language pedagogy, and cross-cultural communication. The summary then provides definitions for terms like native language and target language. It explores the nature of language in terms of sounds, syntax, morphology, semantics, and pragmatics. Finally, it discusses the concept of an interlanguage and how learners impose structure on the linguistic data of their new language

Uploaded by

Jhosnot Ronal Alexander Castrellon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CHIRIQUÍ

CENTRO REGIONAL UNIVERSITARIO DE CHIRIQUÍ ORIENTE

English school (4th year)

Professor’s name: Alba Samudio

Student’s name: ALEZANDER CASTRELLON

ID: 12-716-502

Subject: Second language acquisition

Theme: 2 pages summary of SLA.


Second language acquisition summary
In this summary we will see the main aspects of the second language acquisition. Since, the
book covers about the second language acquisition. As such, it deals with the ways in which
second languages are learned. Now let’s begin with this summary.

1.1 The study of second language acquisition

Firstly, we want to understand What is the study of second language acquisition (SLA)? The
answer for this is: The Second language acquisition is the study of how learners create a new
language system with only limited exposure to a second language. Also, it is the study of
why most second language learners do not achieve the same degree of proficiency in a second
language. Moreover, the second language is concerned with the nature of the hypotheses
(whether conscious or unconscious) meaning that the first language is acquire in unconscious
way and the second is acquire in conscious way.

Secondly, we must see the definition of second language acquisition. To define second
language acquisition is to state what it is not. In other word, second language acquisition and
learning are learning and acquisition of a second language once our mother tongue or first
language acquisition is established. SLA is the process of learning other languages in addition
to the native language.

Thirdly, second language acquisition is not about pedagogy unless the pedagogy affects the
course of acquisition. Briefly, let’s see some reason why it might be important for us to
understand how second language are learned.

Linguistics

when we study human language, we ate approaching what some might call the human
essence, the distinctive qualities of mind that is unique to humans (Chomsky, 1968).

On the other hand, the study of second languages is learned is part of the broader study of
language and language behavior. In addition, linguistic constraints of the formation of second
language grammars and the study of the nature of human mind. However, the theories of
language are concerned with human language knowledge, one that assume this knowledge is
not limited to first language knowledge and that linguistic principles reflect possibilities of
human language creation and the limits of human language variation.

Language pedagogy

When we talk about language pedagogy we talk about some language-teaching


methodologies that are based exclusively on rule memorization rather than speaking. On the
contrary, studies in (SLA) have made language teachers and curriculum designers aware that
language learning consists of more than rule memorization. In other word, pedagogical
decision making must reflect what is known about the process of learning, which is the
domain of second language acquisition.

Cross-cultural communication

In this part we see the difference between nonnative speaker and native speaker. Where (NS)
might react negatively to a wrong request made by the (NNS). Where, the points of view that
understanding second language acquisition and how nonnative speakers use language allows
to separate issues of cross-cultural communication from issues of stereotypes behavior or
personal idiosyncrasies.

Finally, second language acquisition is a complex field whose focus is the attempt to
understand the process underlying the learning of second language.

1.2 definitions

Is very important to know some definition such as:

 Native language (NL): the first language that a child learns.


 Target language (TL): refers to the language being learned.
 Second language acquisition: process of learning another language after the first
language.

1.3 The nature of language

Fundamental to the understanding of the nature of SLA is a understanding of what it is that


needs to be learned. A facile answer is that a second language leaner needs to learn the
“grammar” of the TL.
1.3.1 sound systems

This is the knowledge of the sound system (phonology) of our native language is complex.
This knowledge is reflected in recognition as well as in production as generally a close
English sound is substituted when one attempts to utter those words in English.

1.3.2 Syntax

This is what frequently known as grammar, referring primarily to the knowledge we have of
the order of elements in a sentence. On the other hand, linguistics is concerned with
descriptive grammars: they attempt to describe languages as they are used.

1.3.3 Morphology and the Lexicon

The study of morphology is the study of word formation. There are two classes of
morphemes: Bound and free.

1.3.4 Semantics

The study of semantics refers to the study of meaning. Knowledge of the semantics of a
language entails knowledge of the reference of words.

1.3.5 Pragmatics

Pragmatic is the way in which language we use language in context.

1.4 The nature of nonnative speaker knowledge

This basic assumption is SLA research is that learners create a language system, known as
an interlanguage. This system is composed of numerous elements, not the least of which are
elements from the NL and the TL. Learners themselves impose structure on the available
linguistic data and formulate an internalized system.

Conclusion

This summary presented a series of basic definitions to help the reader begin the journey of
the study of second language acquisition. Also, some analytical data of interlanguage that
focus on the learner and on the process involved in learning.

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