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Practical Unix

This document contains code snippets and explanations for implementing various Unix/Linux commands and operations using C and shell scripting. These include programs to find the largest of three numbers, check if a string is a palindrome, check if a user is logged in, implement link and unlink, recreate the ls command, implement grep, and recreate the cat command using system calls. The document provides code examples for each of these tasks.

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priya_tit_chourasiya
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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94 views

Practical Unix

This document contains code snippets and explanations for implementing various Unix/Linux commands and operations using C and shell scripting. These include programs to find the largest of three numbers, check if a string is a palindrome, check if a user is logged in, implement link and unlink, recreate the ls command, implement grep, and recreate the cat command using system calls. The document provides code examples for each of these tasks.

Uploaded by

priya_tit_chourasiya
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Practicalsof Unix and Shell Prog by Rakesh K Bhujade (A.P.

, Department of IT, Technocrats


Institute of Technology)

Write the program to find biggest among 3 numbers using shell

a=$1

b=$2

c=$3

if [ $# -lt 3 ]

then

echo "$0 n1 n2 n3"

exit 1

fi

if [ $a -gt $b -a $a -gt $c ]

then

echo "$a is largest integer"

elif [ $b -gt $a -a $b -gt $c ]

then

echo "$b is largest integer"

elif [ $c -gt $a -a $c -gt $b ];

then

echo "$c is largest integer"

else

echo "Sorry cannot guess number"

fi
Practicalsof Unix and Shell Prog by Rakesh K Bhujade (A.P., Department of IT, Technocrats
Institute of Technology)

Write a shell program to check the given string is Palindrome (or) not

echo “ Enter the string”

read s

echo $s > temp

rvs="$(rev temp)"

if [ $s = $rvs ]

then

echo "it is palindrome"

else

echo " it is not"

fi
Practicalsof Unix and Shell Prog by Rakesh K Bhujade (A.P., Department of IT, Technocrats
Institute of Technology)

Write a shell program to check whether the user is logged (or) not

#!/bin/sh
echo "Please enter the name of a user:"
read USER
who|grep $USER > /tmp/usertest &
sleep 5
if [ -s /tmp/usertest ]
then echo "User is logged in"
else echo "User is not logged in"
fi
rm /tmp/usertest
Practicalsof Unix and Shell Prog by Rakesh K Bhujade (A.P., Department of IT, Technocrats
Institute of Technology)

Implement Link & Unlink in C

#include "apue.h"

#include <fcntl.h>

int

main(void)

if (open("tempfile", O_RDWR) < 0)

err_sys("open error");

if (unlink("tempfile") < 0)

err_sys("unlink error");

printf("file unlinked\n");

sleep(15);

printf("done\n");

exit(0);

}
Practicalsof Unix and Shell Prog by Rakesh K Bhujade (A.P., Department of IT, Technocrats
Institute of Technology)

Implement LS command in C

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv ) {


DIR *dir;
struct dirent *dirent;
char *where = NULL;

if (argc == 1) where = get_current_dir_name();


else where = argv[1];

if (NULL == (dir = opendir(where))) {


fprintf(stderr,"%d (%s) opendir %s failed\n", errno, strerror(errno), where);
return 2;
}

while (NULL != (dirent = readdir(dir))) {


printf("%s\n", dirent->d_name);
}

closedir(dir);
return 0;
}
Practicalsof Unix and Shell Prog by Rakesh K Bhujade (A.P., Department of IT, Technocrats
Institute of Technology)

Program to implement Grep command in C

#include <stdio.h>

#define MAXLINE 1000 /* maximum input line length */

int getline(char line[], int max)

int strindex(char source[], char searchfor[]);

char pattern[] = "ould"; /* pattern to search for */

/* find all lines matching pattern */

main()

{ char line[MAXLINE];

int found = 0;

while (getline(line, MAXLINE) > 0)

if (strindex(line, pattern) >= 0) {

printf("%s", line);

found++;

return found;

/* getline: get line into s, return length */

int getline(char s[], int lim)

{ int c, i;

i = 0;

while (--lim > 0 && (c=getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')

s[i++] = c;

if (c == '\n')

s[i++] = c;

s[i] = '\0';

return i;
Practicalsof Unix and Shell Prog by Rakesh K Bhujade (A.P., Department of IT, Technocrats
Institute of Technology)

/* strindex: return index of t in s, -1 if none */

int strindex(char s[], char t[])

{ int i, j, k;

for (i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++) {

for (j=i, k=0; t[k]!='\0' && s[j]==t[k]; j++, k++)

if (k > 0 && t[k] == '\0')

return i;

return -1;

}
Practicalsof Unix and Shell Prog by Rakesh K Bhujade (A.P., Department of IT, Technocrats
Institute of Technology)

Implementing cat command using system calls

#include<stdio.h>

#include<fcntl.h>

#include<unistd.h>

#include<sys/stat.h>

#include<sys/types.h>

int main(int argc,char *argv[])

int f=0,n;

char l[80];

struct stat s;

if(argc!=2)

printf("Mismatch argument");

exit(1);

if(access(argv[1],F_OK))

printf("File Exist");

exit(1);

if(stat(argv[1],&s)<0)

printf("Stat ERROR");

exit(1);

if(S_ISREG(s.st_mode)<0)

{
Practicalsof Unix and Shell Prog by Rakesh K Bhujade (A.P., Department of IT, Technocrats
Institute of Technology)

printf("Not a Regular FILE");

exit(1);

if(geteuid()==s.st_uid)

if(s.st_mode & S_IRUSR)

f=1;

else if(getegid()==s.st_gid)

if(s.st_mode & S_IRGRP)

f=1;

else if(s.st_mode & S_IROTH)

f=1;

if(!f)

printf("Permission denied");

exit(1);

f=open(argv[1],O_RDONLY);

while((n=read(f,l,80))>0)

write(1,l,n);

}
Practicalsof Unix and Shell Prog by Rakesh K Bhujade (A.P., Department of IT, Technocrats
Institute of Technology)

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