Altair HyperMesh Desktop 14.

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Introduction

HyperMorph

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Chapter - HyperMorph

HyperMorph
• Introduction to Morphing Technology
• Free Hands
• Domains and Handles
• Morph Volumes
• Map to Geometry
• Questions & Answers

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HyperMorph Introduction
• What is HyperMorph?
• Mesh morphing module in HyperMesh Desktop that allows you to morph
an FE model in useful, logical, and intuitive ways which result in minimal
element distortion.

• Morphing Technology Applications

• Rapidly change geometry of existing model interactively or
parametrically
• Map an existing mesh onto a new design data
• Generate and edit shape variables for optimization

• HyperMorph Methods
• Freehand morphing - Direct morphing of the mesh without any
morphing entities
• Morph volumes - Efficient setup of morphing for complex FEA models
• Map to geometry - Map to new design lines using lines, planes,
surfaces, meshes, functions, interpolated surfaces, and section lines.
• Local & Global morphing - Method ideal for parametric changes via
domains and handles
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HyperMorph Methods Overview

Freehand morphing Morph volumes

Map to geometry Local morphing via

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domains and handles
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HyperMorph Highlights

• Section morphing
• Map to new design lines using line difference

• Morph constraints
• Preserve model attributes while morphing

• Morph shapes
• Transfer morphing between different meshes

• Manipulators

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HyperMorph Highlights
• Morphing of connectors
• Ability to morph bolts and spot welds as clusters and seam
welds as stretchable

• Automatic remeshing
• Dynamic re-meshing while morphing as element quality
degrades below set criteria

• Non-linear shapes
• Creation of shapes to vary design variables for optimization
along non-linear paths

• Smooth mesh transition

• Tangency constraints between morph volumes and
domains
• Kriging based smooth multi-directional morphing

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HyperMorph Tools
• HyperMorph Module 

• From the menu bar, go to Morphing, and select the appropriate function:

• On the Tool page click on HyperMorph, and click on the appropriate panel

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HyperMorph Entities

• Morphing Entities
• Handles – controls model shape during morphing
• Domains – divides a model into regions (for domain based morphing)
• Morph volume – A cube shaped volume that morphs all entities that are located inside the
shape (for volume based morphing)
• Constraints – Control the motion of nodes during morphing
• Symmetries – forces regions to be morphed symmetrically
• Shapes – model state during morphing saved for retrieval at a later point

Handles

Morph Volume Symmetries Domains

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HyperMorph Free Hand

• Morphing > Free Hand
Use this panel to morph your mesh without needing domains, handles, or morph volumes.
Separate options exist for moving selected nodes directly, recording actions made in other panels,
"sculpting" meshes with different virtual tools, and saving a morph as a shape.
The freehand panel consists of several subpanels: move nodes, record, sculpting, and save shape.

Changes made on one subpanel do not affect the others, and are persistent so that you can switch
freely between subpanels without losing any settings already made.

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HyperMorph Free Hand

• Morphing > Free Hand (…continue)
The freehand panel has several types of movement:

Manipulator You may then click and drag one of the

three arrows of the manipulator to translate the nodes,
click and drag one of the three arcs of the manipulator to
rotate the nodes about the center of the manipulator, or
click and drag one of the three right angles of the
manipulator to move the nodes in a plane.
The images show a triad manipulator and where to
click on it to translate it along a vector, rotate it about an
axis, or translate it in a plane.

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Do-it-yourself

Exercise 6a (Manual Page 322):

Free Hands Morphing

File Name and Location:

…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\06a-PROPELLER-FREE-HANDS.hm

Objectives:
Use Free Hands:
Translating Nodes to Increase
the Length of a Propeller Blade

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Free Hands Morphing

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Do-it-yourself – Move to Surface

Exercise :
Experience with Free Hands
• move nodes > move to surf

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Do it yourself - Sculpting

• The objective of this exercise is to take a dummy pelvis profile and

imprint it onto a seat

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Steps …

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…Continued

10. Click move + to complete the morphing operation.

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles

• How does Morphing work
• Mesh Model is divided into domains
• Handles are placed at domain boundaries
• Domain shape is controlled by attached handles
• Handle movements change domain shapes, which in turn move nodes within domains
• Global handles affect entire model
• Local handles only affect parent and neighboring domains
• Map to geometry

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles

• Morphing > Create > Domains

Domains and handles are divided into two basic groups, global and local.
Global domain encloses the entire model in an imaginary box with eight global handles at the corners of
the box and one handle at the center of the box. Every node in the model is part of the global domain
and thus, movement of global handle influence nodes of the entire model.

NOTE: The intent of global domain and handles are to make large scale shape changes to the model.

Local domain is further divided into

four different types of domains:
- 1D domain
- 2D domain
- 3D domain
- edge domain

These local handles can only influence the

nodes contained in the domains they are
associated with.
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HyperMorph Domains & Handles

• Morphing > Create > Handles

• Handle : accompany each domain and provide the mechanism to modify shape of a mesh
• Handle influence : describe how a movement of a handle relate to nodal movements.
• Global handle : only exist in global domain. Movement of a global handle can affect every
node within a model. It allows a large scale shape change.
• Local handle : only exist in local domains. Any local handle can only influence nodes
contained in the local domains they are associated with. It is used for local shape changes.
• Global morphing : morphing using global domains and global handles.
• Local morphing : morphing using local domains and local handles.

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles

• Morphing > Create > Handles (…continue)
• Domain angle : the angle between the normal vectors between
two elements. When the value is exceeded, a partition break is
confirmed and a new domain will be created with an edge running
between the two elements.
• Curve tolerance : a parameter used to decide if a mesh
geometric feature is straight or curve. Similar to domain angle, a
partition is performed when the value is exceeded.
• Partition : a HyperMorph term to logically divides a 2D domian
into smaller 2D domains based on the values of domain angle
and curve tolerance.

• ^morphface : 2D elements on
the faces of each 3D domain
and placed into a ^morphface
component. Any morphing
operation on those face
elements within ^morphface
influences underneath solid
elements. Essentially, to morph
solid elements is to morph
elements within ^morphface.

• Constraints : a HyperMorph feature to restrict the movement of nodes during morphing operations. 21
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HyperMorph Domains & Handles

• Morphing > Create > Handles (…continue)
• Dependency : a HyperMorph feature which can be used to build relationships among handles.
Multiple layers of dependency is supported.

• Independent handle : the handle is only morphed by its own movement and independent from
other handle movement.

• Dependent handle : the handle is affected by the movement of its associated independent
handle.

Local handle dependency

Global handle dependency

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles - Terminology

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles - Move Handles

• Morphing > Morph > move handles - Perform morphing operation by move handles

Morph interactively by dragging handles Rotate a mesh

across graphics area

Translate a handle to a node Translate a handle to a coordinate

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles - Alter Dimensions

• Morphing > Morph > alter dimensions - Perform morphing operation by alter dimension.

alter dimension (angle) alter dimension (radius)

alter dimension (distance) alter dimension (curvature)

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles - Set Biasing

• Morphing > Morph > set biasing - Change the biasing factors associated with each handle.

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles - Set Constraints

• Morphing > Morph > set constraints - fix certain nodes in place so that they do not move
during a morph.

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles - Shapes

• Morphing > Morph > save shape
The save shape sub-panel allows you to save the active morph as a shape entity

• Handle and Node Perturbations - You can save a shape as either handle or node perturbations.
The difference becomes important when the model is reparametrized or when domains, handles, and symmetries
are
created or deleted.
• When a shape is saved as node perturbations, it always has the same shape no matter what changes occur with
the morphing entities.
• If the shape is saved as handle perturbations, changes in the relationships between handles and nodes will alter
the resultant node perturbations when the shape is reapplied.

• Morphing > Morph > apply shapes

The apply shapes sub-panel allows you to apply shapes to the current mesh.
This feature is a limited version of the apply shapes sub-panel located in the shapes panel.

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Optimization using HyperMorph Shapes in HyperStudy

1) You can start HyperStudy from the Application pull down menu

2) You can export these HyperMorph Shapes to be used in HyperStudy as parametrized file model.

Note:
a. HyperMesh – HyperStudy connection is not limited to shape variables, other properties such as thicknesses, loads
can also be imported from a HyperMesh model to a HyperStudy session.
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b. Please refer to HyperStudy Online Help to get more details.
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HyperMorph Domains & Handles - Symmetry

• Morphing > Create > Symmetries - Perform morphing operation by symmetry

• There are two basic symmetry groups: reflective and non-reflective:

• Reflective symmetries:
(1-plane, 2-plane, 3-plane, and cyclical)
are now working for map to geometry
and dimension changes.

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles - Symmetry

• Morphing > Create > Symmetries - Examples

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles - Symmetry

• Morphing > Create > Symmetries - Examples

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HyperMorph Domains & Handles - Morph Surfaces

• Morphing > Morph > morph surfaces
Morph the surfaces in the model to adhere to any morphing of mesh nodes that were previously
associated with them.

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Do-it-yourself

Exercise 6b (Manual Page 346):

Morphing Domains and Handles

File Name and Location:

…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\06b-DOMAINS-HANDLES.hm

Objectives:
Use Domains & Handles:
Create domains and handles,
Morph the model

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Do-it-yourself

Exercise (Optional):
Experience with Domains and Handles
• Change parameter (move handles)
• Change dimension (alter dimensions)

File Name and Location:

…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 04-arm2D.hm

HINT:
…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 04-arm2D_ok.wrf

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Do-it-yourself

Exercise (Optional):
Experience with Domains and Handles
• Change and review shapes

File Name and Location:

…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 03-localmorph_ribs.hm

HINT:
…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 03-localmorph_ribs_shape-saved.hm
…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 03-localmorph_ribs_ok.wrf

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HyperMorph Morph Volumes

• Morphing > Create > Morph Volumes
Morph volume is a new technique to easily morph a model while maintaining tangency. This
morphing technique involves creation of a closed box(es) called morph volume with control
points known as handles created at the corners and on the edges of the morph volume.

Morph volumes envelope the whole rear suspension

to move it backwards

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HyperMorph Morph Volumes

• Morphing > Create > Morph Volumes (…continue)

Matrix

Hexa
convert

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Do-it-yourself

Exercise 6c (Manual Page 358):

Morph Volumes

File Name and Location:

…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\06c-MORPH-VOLUMES.hm

Objectives:
Morph Volumes:
Changing the Shape of the
B-pillar with the Help of
Morph Volume

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Do-it-yourself

Exercise (Optional):
Experience with Morph Volumes
• Spin Elements

File Name and Location:

…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 02b-housing_spin_elem.hm

HINT:
…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 02b-housing_spin_elem_done.hm
…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 02b-housing_spin_elem_ok.wrf

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HyperMorph Map to Geometry

• Morphing > Map to Geometry
Map to geometry is much appreciated if only a few new geometries are known and a previous model
should take the new shape.

Beside simple mapping tools like map to line, map to surface, map to elements are more complex
mapping available tools like map to section, line difference, surf difference, etc.

Mapping with line difference for Mapping with map to line for
getting a lower roof. 41
getting a wide wheelhouse
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HyperMorph Map to Geometry

• Morphing > Map to Geometry - Examples

Map to line
Map to surface

Map to surface edge

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Do-it-yourself

Exercise 6d (Manual Page 368):

Map to Geometry

File Name and Location:

…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\06d-MAP-TO-GEOM.hm

Objectives:
Map to Geometry:
Changing the Curvature
of a Bumper to a
Curved Line

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Map to Geometry – Line Difference

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Do-it-yourself

Exercise (Optional):
Map to Geometry (keep constraints)
• Map to Line (Component «LINE»)
• Map to surfaces (Component «MAP-TO-SURFS»)

File Name and Location:

…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 05-keep-constraints.hm

HINT:
…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 05-keep-constraints_done.hm
…\Model Files\CHAPTER-6-HYPERMORPH\OPTIONAL\ 05-keep-constraints_ok.wrf
+
Use Component «MAP-TO-SURFS» to map also elems on surface
a) morph constraints > release all nodes
b) Map to geom > map to surf > Elements included in Comp_1

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Advanced Application of HyperMorph

Kajak to Canoe

Before

After

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Advanced Application of HyperMorph

Dart to X-29 Supersonic Jet

Before

After

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Chapter 6 - Questions & Answers

1) Which of the following is a Morphing Application?

A. Change geometric shape described by a mesh

B. Alter dimensions of a meshed part parametrically
C. Fit old model to new design data
D. All of above

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