1. The document discusses cognitivism theory and its relevance to inclusive education. Cognitivism emphasizes mental processes like thinking, memory, and problem solving.
2. It provides examples of inclusive education practices aligned with cognitivism, such as utilizing students' prior knowledge, making lessons meaningful, and helping students organize and relate new ideas.
3. The response analyzes how cognitivism-based practices could involve instructional methods to actively engage students in complex topics through real-world examples and collaborative learning.
1. The document discusses cognitivism theory and its relevance to inclusive education. Cognitivism emphasizes mental processes like thinking, memory, and problem solving.
2. It provides examples of inclusive education practices aligned with cognitivism, such as utilizing students' prior knowledge, making lessons meaningful, and helping students organize and relate new ideas.
3. The response analyzes how cognitivism-based practices could involve instructional methods to actively engage students in complex topics through real-world examples and collaborative learning.
1. The document discusses cognitivism theory and its relevance to inclusive education. Cognitivism emphasizes mental processes like thinking, memory, and problem solving.
2. It provides examples of inclusive education practices aligned with cognitivism, such as utilizing students' prior knowledge, making lessons meaningful, and helping students organize and relate new ideas.
3. The response analyzes how cognitivism-based practices could involve instructional methods to actively engage students in complex topics through real-world examples and collaborative learning.
1. The document discusses cognitivism theory and its relevance to inclusive education. Cognitivism emphasizes mental processes like thinking, memory, and problem solving.
2. It provides examples of inclusive education practices aligned with cognitivism, such as utilizing students' prior knowledge, making lessons meaningful, and helping students organize and relate new ideas.
3. The response analyzes how cognitivism-based practices could involve instructional methods to actively engage students in complex topics through real-world examples and collaborative learning.
UNIVERSITY Main Campus WORKSHEET IN FOUNDATION COLLEGE OF TEACHER OF SPECIAL AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION EDUCATION
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DATE OF SUBMISSION University for the formation of world-class and virtuous Monday, October 04, 2021 human resource for sustainable development in ANGELO R. ORIBIA Bohol and the country. Grade and Section: BSED English II Mission: BISU is committed to provide quality higher education in the arts and Phone: 09545537819 sciences, as well as in the professional and technological fields; undertake research and E-mail: oribia0013@gmail.com development, and extension services for the sustainable Submitted to: Ma. Corazon Tatad development of Bohol and the country
EDUC 8: FOUNDATION OF SPECIAL AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION TASK 1 (SEPTEMBER 27 TO OCTOBER 1) The theories of behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism and etc. underpin the practice of inclusive education. Education practices related to the inclusion of students with special educational needs to the mainstream can be derived from theoretical perspectives. Select ONE theory from those mentioned above (or look for your own theory) and explain its corresponding relevance to the concept of Inclusive Education. You may also cite practices that are in line with the perspective of your chosen theory of learning. Please follow this format below. 1. Selected Theory: Learning Theories: Cognitivism
2. What the theory is all about:
The theory of cognitivism emphasizes the role of mental activities in the learning process and includes actions such as: thinking, remembering, perceiving, interpreting, reasoning and problem solving. Theoretically, it essentially focuses on the attributes of one's thinking, memory, self-reflection, and motivation to learn. Piaget argued that "during each developmental stage, the ability to learn and the process of learning is different" (Evgeniou & Loizou, 2012, p. 666). The cognitive approach focuses on the mental activities of the learner that influence responses and acknowledges the processes of mental planning, goalsetting, and organizational strategies. Cognitive theories place emphasis on making knowledge meaningful and helping learners be more organized and able to relate new information to existing knowledge stored. In addition, cognitivist approaches emphasize thought processes and their importance in learning, including memory, thinking, reflection, abstraction, and metacognition, which are all needed in the learning process (Petersen, 2014). Cognitivist believe individuals are capable of rational thoughts and learn through active participation. Therefore, cognitivist instruction "must be based on a student's existing mental structures or schema to be effective" (Ertmer & Newby, 2013, p. 60).
This module has undergone evaluation and review by the panel of experts of the College of Teacher Education. Any distribution and reproduction of any parts or the entire module without the permission of the BISU is strictly prohibited. If you have questions and clarification, please contact the faculty writer. 3. What are some inclusive education practices relevant to the concept of the chosen theory of education? Theoretically, constructivism focuses on creating cognitive tools that involves a person understanding the importance of the social dimension during the learning process through observation, treatment, interpretation, and adaptation of information on building a cognitive structure. Lenjani (2016) details the main guiding principles of constructivism as: 1) learning is searching for meaning; 2) meaning requires the understanding of the whole as well as the individual parts; 3) teachers should have an understanding of the mental models that learners use to perceive their world and assumptions that they make in order to support their models; and 4) the purpose of learning is that an individual constructs his or her own meaning and does not include simply memorizing information for the correct answers or repeating merely what someone else has stated. The key to constructivism is that learning should include learner-centred, task-based, hands- on and minds-on activities (Shi, 2013) while also being meaningful and closely related to practical and real-life experiences (Lenjani, 2016). Therefore, constructivism-based inclusive education practices should involve instructional methods and strategies to assist learners to explore complex topics actively in the inclusive education settings. Possible strategies for exploring these topics include: situating tasks in real-world contexts and using real-life examples, utilizing cognitive apprenticeships (i.e. modelling and coaching), presenting multiple perspectives (i.e. collaborative learning to develop and share alternative views), including social negotiations (i.e. debate, discussion), encouraging reflective awareness, and providing considerable guidance on the use of constructive processes (Ertmer & Newby, 2013).
Source: Al-Shammari, Zaid, Faulkner, Paula E., and Forlin, Chris. (2019), Theoriesbased Inclusive Education Practices. In: Education Quarterly Reviews, Vol.2, No.2, 408-414. The online version of this article can be found at: https://www.asianinstituteofresearch.org/
This module has undergone evaluation and review by the panel of experts of the College of Teacher Education. Any distribution and reproduction of any parts or the entire module without the permission of the BISU is strictly prohibited. If you have questions and clarification, please contact the faculty writer.
