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Module 7 RM - Global City

Global cities are centers of economic power and opportunities that attract talent from around the world due to globalization. While global cities are exciting and cosmopolitan, they also have inequality, poverty, and violence as winners and losers emerge from globalization. Global cities consume a large amount of energy and resources, contributing to issues like climate change and displacement of the poor through gentrification. Defining what makes a city global depends on factors like its economic influence, opportunities, culture and learning institutions, in addition to competitiveness measures like market size and growth potential.

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Piel Barcelon
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547 views20 pages

Module 7 RM - Global City

Global cities are centers of economic power and opportunities that attract talent from around the world due to globalization. While global cities are exciting and cosmopolitan, they also have inequality, poverty, and violence as winners and losers emerge from globalization. Global cities consume a large amount of energy and resources, contributing to issues like climate change and displacement of the poor through gentrification. Defining what makes a city global depends on factors like its economic influence, opportunities, culture and learning institutions, in addition to competitiveness measures like market size and growth potential.

Uploaded by

Piel Barcelon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Module 7 RM - Global City

THE
GLOBAL
CITY
WHY STUDY GLOBAL CITY?
• Globalization is spatial because it occurs in
physical spaces.
• What makes it move is the fact that is based in
places.
“Cities act on globalization and globalization act on
cities.”
• 1950, only 30% of the world lived in urban areas,
by 2014 that number increased to 54% and by
2050, it is expected to reach 66%.
DEFINING THE GLOBAL CITY
Saskia Sassen popularized the term “GLOBAL
CITY” in the 1990s.
• Her criteria for what contributes a global city were
primarily ECONOMIC.
3 Global Cities:

NEW YORK (NYSE) LONDON (FTSE) TOKYO (NIKKEI)


Recent commentators have expanded the criteria that
Sassen used to determine what constitutes a global city.
• Movie-making mecca LA can now rival the Big Apples’s
cultural influence.
• San Francisco must now factor in as an another Global City
because it is home of the most powerful internet
companies. (FB, Twitter & Google)
• Chinese economy has turned cities like Shanghai, Beijing
and Guangzhou into centers of trade and finance.
• Chinese government reopened the Shanghai stock exchange
in late 1990s and grown to become the 5th largest stock
market in the world.
Cities considered “Global” because they
are great places to live in.

• Sydney command the greatest proportion of


capital.
• Melbourne is describe as Sydney’s rival “Global
City” because many magazine and lists here now
referred as world’s “most livable city”
Defining Global City can thus be difficult. One way
of sowing this dilemma is to beyond the simple
dichotomy of global and non-global.

In what ways are cities global and to


extent are they global?
INDICATORS FOR
• To measure COMPETITIVENESS
GLOBALITY of a city the economist
intelligence added other criteria
• ECONOMIC POWER like:
largely determines
without cities are global 1. Market size
2. Purchasing power of citizen
(Sassen remains correct) 3. Size of Middle Class
4. Potential for growth
• ECONOMIC
OPPORTUNITIES in a • CENTERS FOR AUTHORITY
global city make it • CENTERS OF HIGHER LEARNING
attractive to talents from and CULTURE
across the world.
THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBAL CITIES
GLOBAL CITIES CONJURE UP IMAGES OF FAST-PACED, EXCITING, COSMPOLITAN LIFESTYLES
GLOBAL CITIES ALSO HAVE THEIR UNDERSIDES. THEY CAN BE SITES OF GREAT INEQUALITY AND
POVERTY AS WELL, AS WELL AS TREMENDOUS VIOLENCE. LIKE THE BROADER PROCESSES OF
GLOBALIZATION, GLOBAL CITIES CREATE WINNERS AND LOSERS.

AS RICHARD FLORIDA NOTES, ECOLOGISTS HAVE FOUND THAT BY


CONCENTRATING THEIR POPULATIONS IN SMALLER AREAS, CITIES AND
METROS DECREASE HUMAN ECROACHMENT ALL NATURAL HABITATS.

CITIES ONLY COVER 2% OF THE WORLD’S LANDMASS, BUT THEY


CONSUME 78% OF GLOBAL ENERGY. THEREFORE, IF CARBON EMISSIONS
MUST BE CUT TO PREVENT GLOBAL WARMING, THIS MASSIVE ENERGY
CONSUMPTION IN CITIES MUST BE CURBED.
WILL IT BE POSSIBLE TO GROW
MORE FOOD IN CITIES INSTEAD?
THE GLOBAL CITY AND THE POOR
ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION HAS PAVED WAY FOR
MASSIVE INEQUALITY.

DRIVING OUT THE POOR IN FAVOR OF NEWER, WEALTHIER


RESIDENTS IS CALLED GENTRIFICATION.

BANLIEUE, WHERE POOR MUSLIM IMMIGRANTS ARE FORCED OUT


OF PARIS AND HAVE CLUSTERED AROUND ETHNIC ENCLAVES.

GLOBALIZATION CREATES HIGH INCOME JOBS THAT ARE


CONCENTRATED IN GLOBAL CITIES.

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