Victorian Certificate of Education

SUPERVISOR TO ATTACH PROCESSING LABEL HERE

2019

Letter
STUDENT NUMBER

MATHEMATICAL METHODS
Written examination 1
Wednesday 6 November 2019
Reading time: 9.00 am to 9.15 am (15 minutes)
Writing time: 9.15 am to 10.15 am (1 hour)

QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Structure of book
Number of Number of questions Number of
questions to be answered marks
9 9 40

• Students are to write in blue or black pen.

• Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers,
sharpeners and rulers.
• Students are NOT permitted to bring into the examination room: any technology (calculators or
software), notes of any kind, blank sheets of paper and/or correction fluid/tape.
Materials supplied
• Question and answer book of 13 pages
• Formula sheet
• Working space is provided throughout the book.
Instructions
• Write your student number in the space provided above on this page.
• Unless otherwise indicated, the diagrams in this book are not drawn to scale.
• All written responses must be in English.
At the end of the examination
• You may keep the formula sheet.

Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic
devices into the examination room.
© VICTORIAN CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY 2019
2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1 2

do not write in this area

This page is blank
 3 2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1

Instructions
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
In all questions where a numerical answer is required, an exact value must be given, unless otherwise specified.
In questions where more than one mark is available, appropriate working must be shown.
Unless otherwise indicated, the diagrams in this book are not drawn to scale.

Question 1 (4 marks)
1 1
Let f :  , ∞  → R, f ( x) = .
3  3x − 1
a. i. Find f ′(x). 1 mark
do not write in this area

ii. Find an antiderivative of f (x). 1 mark

sin(π x)
b. Let g : R \ {−1} → R, g ( x) = .
x +1
Evaluate g′(1). 2 marks

TURN OVER
2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1 4

Question 2 (4 marks)

a. Let f : R \
1
3{}
→ R, f ( x ) =
1
3x − 1
.

Find the rule of f –1. 2 marks

do not write in this area

b. State the domain of f –1. 1 mark

c. Let g be the function obtained by applying the transformation T to the function f, where

  x    x  c 
T   =   +  
  y    y  d 
and c, d ∈ R.
Find the values of c and d given that g = f –1. 1 mark
 5 2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1

Question 3 (3 marks)
The only possible outcomes when a coin is tossed are a head or a tail. When an unbiased coin is tossed, the
probability of tossing a head is the same as the probability of tossing a tail.
Jo has three coins in her pocket; two are unbiased and one is biased. When the biased coin is tossed, the
1
probability of tossing a head is .
3
Jo randomly selects a coin from her pocket and tosses it.
a. Find the probability that she tosses a head. 2 marks
do not write in this area

b. Find the probability that she selected an unbiased coin, given that she tossed a head. 1 mark

TURN OVER
2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1 6

Question 4 (4 marks)
x x
a. Solve 1 − cos   = cos   for x ∈ [ −2π , π ]. 2 marks
2 2

do not write in this area

x
b. The function f : [ −2π , π ] → R, f ( x) = cos   is shown on the axes below.
2
 

x
−2� −� O �
−1

−2

Let g : [ −2π , π ] → R, g ( x) = 1 − f ( x).

Sketch the graph of g on the axes above. Label all points of intersection of the graphs of f and g, and
the endpoints of g, with their coordinates. 2 marks
 7 2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1

Question 5 (5 marks)
2
Let f : R \ {1} → R, f ( x) = + 1.
( x − 1) 2
a. i. Evaluate f (–1). 1 mark

ii. Sketch the graph of f on the axes below, labelling all asymptotes with their equations. 2 marks
do not write in this area

5
4
3

2
1
x
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 O 1 2 3 4 5
−1
−2

−3
−4

b. Find the area bounded by the graph of f, the x-axis, the line x = –1 and the line x = 0. 2 marks

TURN OVER
2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1 8

Question 6 (3 marks)
Fred owns a company that produces thousands of pegs each day. He randomly selects 41 pegs that are
produced on one day and finds eight faulty pegs.
a. What is the proportion of faulty pegs in this sample? 1 mark

b. Pegs are packed each day in boxes. Each box holds 12 pegs. Let P ̂ be the random variable that
represents the proportion of faulty pegs in a box.
1
The actual proportion of faulty pegs produced by the company each day is .
6
 1

do not write in this area

Find Pr  P̂ <  . Express your answer in the form a(b)n, where a and b are positive rational numbers
 6
and n is a positive integer. 2 marks
 9 2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1

Question 7 (4 marks)
The graph of the relation y = 1 − x 2 is shown on the axes below. P is a point on the graph of this relation,
A is the point (–1, 0) and B is the point (x, 0).

y = 1 − x2 P (x, y)
do not write in this area

x
A B
(–1, 0) (x, 0)

a. Find an expression for the length PB in terms of x only. 1 mark

b. Find the maximum area of the triangle ABP. 3 marks

TURN OVER
2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1 10

Question 8 (4 marks)
The function f : R → R, f (x) is a polynomial function of degree 4. Part of the graph of f is shown below.
The graph of f touches the x-axis at the origin.

y
 1   1 
− ,1  ,1
 2   2 

x
(–1, 0) O (1, 0)

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a. Find the rule of f. 1 mark

Let g be a function with the same rule as f.

Let h : D → R, h( x) = log e ( g ( x) ) − log e ( x3 + x 2 ) , where D is the maximal domain of h.
b. State D. 1 mark

Question 8 – continued
 11 2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1

c. State the range of h. 2 marks

do not write in this area

TURN OVER
2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1 12

Question 9 (9 marks)
Consider the functions f : R → R, f ( x) = 3 + 2 x − x 2 and g : R → R, g ( x) = e x .

a. State the rule of g ( f ( x) ) . 1 mark

b. Find the values of x for which the derivative of g ( f ( x) ) is negative. 2 marks

do not write in this area

c. State the rule of f ( g ( x) ). 1 mark

d. Solve f ( g ( x) ) = 0. 2 marks

Question 9 – continued
 13 2019 MATHMETH EXAM 1

e. Find the coordinates of the stationary point of the graph of f ( g ( x) ) . 2 marks

do not write in this area

f. State the number of solutions to g ( f ( x) ) + f ( g ( x) ) = 0. 1 mark

END OF QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK

Victorian Certificate of Education
2019

MATHEMATICAL METHODS
Written examination 1

FORMULA SHEET

Instructions

This formula sheet is provided for your reference.

A question and answer book is provided with this formula sheet.

Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic
devices into the examination room.

© VICTORIAN CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY 2019

MATHMETH EXAM 2

Mathematical Methods formulas

Mensuration
1 a+b h 1
area of a trapezium ( ) volume of a pyramid Ah
2 3
curved surface area 4 3
2π  rh volume of a sphere πr
of a cylinder 3
1
volume of a cylinder π r 2h area of a triangle bc sin ( A )
2
1 2
volume of a cone πr h
3

Calculus
d n
dx
( )
x = nx n − 1
∫ x dx = n + 1 x
n 1 n +1
+ c, n ≠ −1

d 1
dx
( )
(ax + b) n = an ( ax + b )
n −1
∫ (ax + b) n dx =
a (n + 1)
(ax + b) n + 1 + c, n ≠ − 1

d ax 1 ax
dx
( )
e = ae ax
∫e
ax
dx =
a
e +c

1
d
dx
1
( log e ( x) ) = x ∫ x
dx = log e ( x) + c, x > 0

d 1
dx
( sin (ax) ) = a cos (ax) ∫ sin (ax)dx = − cos (ax) + c
a

d 1
dx
( cos (ax) ) = − a sin (ax) ∫ cos (ax)dx = a sin (ax) + c
d a
( tan (ax) ) = 2 = a sec 2 (ax)
dx cos (ax)
du dv
v −u
d dv du d u dx dx
product rule ( uv ) = u + v quotient rule  =
dx dx dx dx  v  v2

dy dy du
chain rule =
dx du dx
 3 MATHMETH EXAM

Probability

Pr(A) = 1 – Pr(A′) Pr(A ∪ B) = Pr(A) + Pr(B) – Pr(A ∩ B)

Pr ( A ∩ B )
Pr(A|B) =
Pr ( B )

mean µ = E(X) variance var(X) = σ 2 = E((X – µ)2) = E(X 2) – µ2

Probability distribution Mean Variance

discrete Pr(X = x) = p(x) µ = ∑ x p(x) σ 2 = ∑ (x – µ)2 p(x)

b ∞ ∞
continuous Pr(a < X < b) =
∫a
f ( x)dx µ=
∫ −∞
x f ( x)dx σ2 =
∫ −∞
( x − µ ) 2 f ( x)dx

Sample proportions
X
P̂ = mean E(P̂ ) = p
n
approximate
standard ˆ) = p (1 − p ) 
 ˆp − z
ˆp (1 − ˆp ) , p + z ˆp (1 − ˆp ) 
deviation
sd ( P
n
confidence
 n
ˆ n 
interval  

END OF FORMULA SHEET