SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Practical
Research 2
Quarter 1 – Module 3
Title: Selecting Relevant
Literature
Science – Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Selecting Relevant Literature
First Edition, 2020

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 12

Practical
Research 2
Quarter 1 – Module __:
Selecting Relevant Literature
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Practical Research 2 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Selecting Relevant Literature!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

2
For the learner:

Welcome to the Practical Research 2 1 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module

on Selecting Relevant Literature!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process

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 what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the lesson on selecting relevant literature. The scope of this module permits
it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes
the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module has one lesson, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Selecting Relevant Literature

At the end of the lesson the students should be able to:

1. explain what literature review is;
2. identify tips in selecting literature; and
3. select relevant literature for their studies.

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 What I Know

Direction. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Is an academic text that provides an overview of a particular topic:

a. Literature review
b. Methodology
c. References
d. Results and discussion

2. These are sources that come at a regular period of time:

a. General references
b. Nonfiction materials
c. Periodicals
d. Special references

3. Which of the following is NOT a sample of a periodical?

a. Encyclopedia
b. Journals
c. Magazine
d. Newspaper

4. These sources include dictionaries, encyclopedias, indexes, and

bibliographies:
a. General references
b. Nonfiction materials
c. Periodicals
d. Special references

5. Which of the following questions will not help you decide whether or not a
source is credible?
a. Who is the author of the material?
b. What is the marital status of the author?
c. When was the material published?
d. Where was the material published?

6. Which of the following is NOT a function of literature review?

a. establishes the gap
b. establishes the relevance of the study
c. neglects research methodology
d. presents contradictions between and among studies

7. Which is TRUE about the literature review?

a. As a process, it is done after writing the research introduction.

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 b. It is an academic text that provides an overview of a particular topic.
c. It is usually found at the end of the research paper.
d. It requires low order thinking skills.
8. The literature review helps establish the relevance of the study. It also
justifies the research methodology.
a. Only the first statement is correct.
b. Only the second statement is correct.
c. Both statements are correct.
d. Both statements are incorrect.

9. Which of the following is considered as literature?

a. Journals
b. Magazines
c. Textbooks
d. All of these

10. All of these are functions of Review of Related Literature and Studies
EXCEPT
a. To have basis that will be used to support findings of the study.
b. To identify gaps, problems and needs of related studies.
c. To provide rationale of the study.
d. To provide solution to our problem.

11. As much as possible, use references that have been published within last
_____ years, unless you are writing a historical paper, which may entail the use
of sources from earlier periods of time.
a. Five
b. Ten
c. Fifteen
d. Twenty

12.It involves the critiquing and evaluating what other researchers have done in
relation to the problem to be studies whether these studies affirmed or
negate the subject under study.
a. Peer review of related studies and literature
b. Peer review of significant studies and literature
c. Review of related literature and studies
d. Review of significant studies and literature

13. In this stage, you further screen the selected references for reliability and
usefulness:
a. analyzing the scholarly works
b. drafting the literature
c. publishing the work
d. searching for works related to study

14. Which of the following is NOT a reliable source?

a. Article published by a university press
b. Article published in a journal
c. Article published in Wikipedia
d. Article written by an expert in the field

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15. Which is NOT a tip in selecting relevant literature?
a. Group the references according to the categories you used during your
literature search.
b. Obtain an overview of the reference you selected.
c. Refrain from using materials that do not directly explain the concepts
related to your study.
d. Use sources that are published by predatory journals.

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 Lesson
Selecting Relevant
1 Literature
“There is joy in the search for knowledge about the universe in all its
manifestations”

Janet Asimov

What’s In

Activity 1. Memoir on My Search for Knowledge

Direction. Ask the student to look back into their experience in writing their
Chapter 1 particularly in gathering information for and writing the Background of
the Study section of their Chapter 1. Ask the students to narrate how exactly they
gathered information for their research introduction. If it is a process, what would
be the different steps?

A Memoir on Writing the Background of

the Study

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 Note to the Teacher
At this stage of the semester, the students should have already
accomplished the Chapter 1 (Introduction) of their research
paper.

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 What’s New

Activity 2. Case Studies

Direction. Evaluate each of the case studies related to the process of selecting
relevant literature. Determine the problem and provide possible solutions. Write
your answer in the box provided.
Case Study 1
A grade 12 student of Trece Martires City Senior High School wanted to look
for some information with regard to the experimental study that he is going to
present. He decided to buy a book and preferred to read from the start to end. He
preferred not to look into the preface to see its summary and find out the author’s
intention in writing it. After reading all the information from the book, he was able
to collect few information from it.
Case Study 2
A Science writer wanted to find some information that will help him in his
article on GMOs. He decided to look for some blogs of some individuals who are
interested in GMOs and used it in his article. He was not aware that the owner of
the blog was a businessman. When he submitted his article, it was turned down by
their Senior Science Editor who happens to be an expert in GMO studies since
according to him, the writer’s content was inaccurate.
Case Study 3
A student tried to look for some information with regard to his report in
Science class. He was assigned to present the benefits of herbal medicine. He
decided to use references published by predatory journals, those references who
do not guarantee quality but for financial gain only. It doesn’t follow ethics in
producing an academic work. He was able to make a good report, not knowing that
the information he had provided doesn’t consider any ethics.
Case Study 4
A public teacher with thirty years in service wanted to look for some
strategies in teaching Science. She decided to use the book that she had for almost
twenty years. The information that she got was all about the traditional way of
teaching. She used and applied what she had learned from it and continue reading
it.

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Case Problem Solution
1

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 What is It

Literature review is an academic text that provides an overview of a

particular topic. It helps identify what is known and not known about a certain
subject of study. It involves the use of synthesis of several scholarly works.
It has several functions such as:
1. It establishes the relevance of the study.
2. It further helps in establishing the research gap that the study intends to
fill.
3. It provides important information about your topic and the concepts related
to it.
4. It presents the contradictions between and among previous literature.
5. It justifies your research methodology.
6. It presents and discusses your theoretical frameworks which are the
backbone of your study.

There are various information sources one can consult when doing literature
review. These are general references, nonfiction materials, periodicals. General
references include dictionaries, encyclopedia, almanac, atlas, indexes, and
bibliographies which are usually located in the general reference section of the
library. Meanwhile, nonfiction materials include books of information usually
found in the circulation section. Periodicals, on the other hand, are sources that
come at a regular period of time such as daily newspaper, magazines, and journals
and are contained in the periodical section of the library. More or less, you already
know about these sources as you have been exposed to them since you were in
Elementary.
Basically, in doing literature review, you start first with gathering information
sources. Once you have selected all your potential references you would now
further screen the selected references for reliability and usefulness. This stage also
further ensures that the materials you will use in your paper are only those that
are closely related to your research topic. The following strategies you can use in
evaluating and analyzing your selected references:
1. Obtain an overview of the reference you selected. This will help you
determine the relevance of its content to your research.
2. When evaluating research articles, find out if they are published by a
reputable publisher/journal and written by legitimate scholars in your field of
study.
3. As much as possible, refrain from using references published by predatory
journals or publishers as they do not guarantee quality. Predatory publishers
and journals are those that publish research papers for financial gain and do
not follow the ethics in producing academic work.
4. Refrain from using materials that do not directly explain the concepts related
to your study.

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5. As much as possible, use references that have been published within last
five years, unless you are writing a historical paper, which may entail the use of
sources from earlier periods of time.
6. Group the references according to the categories you used during your
literature search.
7. If materials appear to be relevant to your topic, current (i.e, published in the
last five years), and reliable, continue reading its content. However, if the
material does not meet these standards exclude it from your literature review.
8. Carefully read each of the materials you will incorporate into your literature
review.
9. Use a concept map if you want to see the relationship, similarities, and
differences among the materials you have read.

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 What’s More

Activity 3. Sources of Literature Review

Direction. Put a check on the space provided before each item that can be
considered a reliable source of information in doing literature review.

______ 1. A blog written by someone who is not an expert in the field of Biology

______ 2. A book on genetics published by the Harvard University Press

______ 3. An article published in the Journal of Science Teacher Education 2018

______ 4. A 30-year old book on GMOs

______ 5. A blog about eye diseases written by an ophthalmologist

______ 6. A science news articles published in the DOST website

______ 7. An article about cancer found in Wikipedia

______ 8. A conference proceeding from the International Conference on Science,

Technology and Management in 2019

______ 9. A transcript of interview with DOH secretary Duque explaining CoViD 19

______ 10. An article from Bato-Balani magazine published in 2002

Activity 4. The Literature Review Process

Direction. In the space provided, present the process of literature review

graphically.

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 Rubric for the Graphical Presentation

Adapted from https://www.uen.org/rubric/previewRubric.html?id=4866

4 POINTS 3 POINTS 2 POINTS 1 POINTS

The information Most of the Some Most of the
Subject
is correct. information is information is information is
Knowledge
correct. correct. not correct.
The chart is The chart is The chart not The chart is
neat. At least mostly neat. that neat, and not neat at all,
three colors are Two colors are only one color and only one
Organizatio
used. used. is used. color is used.
n
Scribbles and
blots are
obvious.
All words are All words are Writing is a Writing is very
written neatly written neatly, little hard to hard to read,
and spelled and only one or read, and and many
correctly. two are several words words are
Graphs are misspelled. are misspelled. No
Labels titled. Graphs are misspelled. title.
titled. There is no
title, or the
title doesn't
match the
work.
Graph is Graph is Graph is not The graph is
appropriate and appropriate and easy to very difficult
easy to easy to understand, to interpret.
understand. understand. and/or there There are
Excel graph
Information is One or two are two-to- more than 5
accurate. mistakes in four errors in errors in
accuracy or accuracy and spelling or
spelling. spelling. accuracy.

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 What I Have Learned

Activity 5. Fill Me In!

Direction. Fill-in the blanks to complete the following paragraphs.

Literature review is an 1._______________ that provides an overview of a

particular topic. It justifies the research 2.______________. The literature review is
either a 3.__________ or a 4._______________. Through the literature review, you may
find possible research 5._____________.

In doing literature review, you can use references that have been published
within the last 6._____ years if the content is reliable and relevant. 7.
___________journals does not follow ethics in producing academic work and
therefore must be avoided. It is also important to consider 8._____________
publishers and 9.____________scholars in your field of study. A researcher may use
10._______________ to see relationship, similarities and differences among the
materials.

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 What I Can Do

Activity 6. Look for Sources

Direction. Go online and look for three possible sources of information that you
would be using in your literature review for your study. Copy the url, take note of
the title of the article, and justify why the source is a reliable one. Write your
answers in the table below.

URL Title Justification

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 Assessment

Direction. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Is an academic text that provides an overview of a particular topic:

a. Literature review
b. Methodology
c. References
d. Results and discussion

2. These are sources that come at a regular period of time:

a. General references
b. Nonfiction materials
c. Periodicals
d. Special references

3. Which of the following is NOT a sample of a periodical?

a. Encyclopedia
b. Journals
c. Magazine
d. Newspaper

4. These sources include dictionaries, encyclopedias, indexes, and

bibliographies:
a. General references
b. Nonfiction materials
c. Periodicals
d. Special references

5. Which of the following questions will not help you decide whether or not a
source is credible?
a. Who is the author of the material?
b. What is the marital status of the author?
c. When was the material published?
d. Where was the material published?

6. Which of the following is NOT a function of literature review?

a. establishes the gap
b. establishes the relevance of the study
c. neglects research methodology
d. presents contradictions between and among studies

7. Which is TRUE about the literature review?

a. As a process, it is done after writing the research introduction.
b. It is an academic text that provides an overview of a particular topic.
c. It is usually found at the end of the research paper.
d. It requires low order thinking skills.

19
8. The literature review helps establish the relevance of the study. It also
justifies the research methodology.
a. Only the first statement is correct.
b. Only the second statement is correct.
c. Both statements are correct.
d. Both statements are incorrect.

9. Which of the following is considered as literature?

a. Journals
b. Magazines
c. Textbooks
d. All of these

10. All of these are functions of Review of Related Literature and Studies
EXCEPT
a. To have basis that will be used to support findings of the study.
b. To identify gaps, problems and needs of related studies.
c. To provide rationale of the study.
d. To provide solution to our problem.

11. As much as possible, use references that have been published within last
_____ years, unless you are writing a historical paper, which may entail the use
of sources from earlier periods of time.
a. Five
b. Ten
c. Fifteen
d. Twenty

12.It involves the critiquing and evaluating what other researchers have done in
relation to the problem to be studies whether these studies affirmed or
negate the subject under study.
a. Peer review of related studies and literature
b. Peer review of significant studies and literature
c. Review of related literature and studies
d. Review of significant studies and literature

13. In this stage, you further screen the selected references for reliability and
usefulness:
a. analyzing the scholarly works
b. drafting the literature
c. publishing the work
d. searching for works related to study

14. Which of the following is NOT a reliable source?

a. Article published by a university press
b. Article published in a journal
c. Article published in Wikipedia
d. Article written by an expert in the field

20
15. Which is NOT a tip in selecting relevant literature?
a. Group the references according to the categories you used during your
literature search.
b. Obtain an overview of the reference you selected.
c. Refrain from using materials that do not directly explain the concepts
related to your study.
d. Use sources that are published by predatory journals.

21
 Additional Activities

Go online, click the link, and watch the videos to learn more about selecting
relevant literature:

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rnHvO5aRXq0
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lw8HPXJP1VA
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2IUZWZX4OGI
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ny_EUJXHHs
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zIYC6zG265E

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 Answer Key

Assessment What I have Learned What's More

1. Academic text
1. A 2. Methodology 1.
2. A 3. Product/process
3. A 4. Product/process 2. /
4. C 5. Gaps
5. C 6. Five 3. /
6. C 7. Predatory
7. D 8. Reputable 4.
8. D 9. Legitimate
9. C 10. Concept maps 5. /
10. D
11. A 6. /
12. D
13. A 7.
14. B
15. D 8. /

What’s New What I Know

Problem Solution 1. A
CS1: Did not survey the Survey first the source
2. C
book so time was wasted before using 3. D
as it only gave few 4. A
information 5. D
6. C
CS2: author of the source Check author’s info to see
7. A
is not credible if he/she is credible
CS3: used article Check publisher
8. C
published by predatory information to see if it is 9. D
journal credible 10. D
CS4: obsolete source Use recently published 11. A
sources 12. A
13. C
14. B
15. D

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References

Barrot, J. (2017). Practical research 2 for senior high school. Quezon City: C&E

Publishing, Inc.

Lee, M. et.al. (2014). Walking you through research. Mandaluyong City: Anvil

Publishing, Inc.

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