GROUP

1
 CHAPTER 1
GENERAL CONCEPT
AND HISTORICAL
EVENTS
IN SCIENCE,
TECHNOLOGY, AND
SOCIETY
 Lesson 1
INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION
THAT
DEFINED SOCIETY
SOME INTELLECTUALS
AND THEIR
REVOLUTIONARY IDEAS
To Further Understanding What
Exactly Happened During The
Scientist Revolutions It Is
Important To Examine The
Different Individual Whose
Ideas Have Shaken And
Contested The Dominant
Theories And Ideas During This
Period.
The Truth Of Their Time.
Scientists In All Period Of
Time Are Driven By Their
Curiosity, Critical
Thinking And Creativity
To Explore The Physical
And Natural Word.
 Their Love Of
Science Is Driven
By Their Passion
To Know And
Discover.
CREATIVITY SCIENTISTS
SCIENCE
IDEAS

PASSION TO SCIENCE
CURIOSITY KNOW DISCOVERIES

CRITICAL PASSION TO TECHNOLOGY

THINKING DISCOVER
 Nicolaus
Copernicus
Born:
February 19, 1473
Died:
May 24, 1543
 Nicolaus
Copernicus
Is One Of The
Renaissance Men,
Particularly In The
Field Of Science.
IN ONE IMPORTANT
WAY, COPERNICUS
RESEMBLED THE
GREEK ANCIENT
PHILOSOPHERS OR
THINKERS.
 His ideas were an
example of what we
called as a
THOUGHT
EXPERIMENT.
 Copernicus Finished
The First Manuscript Of
His Book, "De
Revolutionibus Orbium
Coelestium" ("On The
Revolutions Of The
Heavenly Spheres") In
1532.
Copernicus’s idea
and model of the
universe was
essentially
complete in 1510.
Copernicus Circulated
A Summary Of His
Ideas To His Few
Friends In A
Manuscript Called
commentariolus.
Copernicus model
has two kinds of
planetary motion:
1. The Orbit Of The
Venus And Mercury
Lay Inside The Orbit
Of The Earth, Thus
Closer To The Sun.
 2. The Orbits Of
Mars, Saturn, And
Jupiter Lay Outside
The Earth’s Orbit,
Thus Farther From
The Sun.
 Charles
Darwin
Born:
12 February 1809,

Died:
19 April 1882,
CHARLES DARWIN
Famous for his
theory of
evolution
He also developed
his interest in
natural history
during his time as
a student.
 HE ALSO
COLLECTING
SPECIMENS
 He published his
book “the origin of
species in 1589”
 HIS BOOK. "THE
DESCENT OF MAN
WAS SO
IMPRESSIVE, YET
VERY
CONTROVERSIAL.
 He introduced the
idea of all organic
life, including human
beings, under the
real of evolutionary
thinking.
The Dominant Views Of
A Religious Or Biblical
Design That Replaces
Human Beings In A Pre
vileged Position Of
Having Been Created By
God.
-He Made Major
Contributions:
Evolutionary
Biology And
Philosophy Of
Science.
Sigmund Freud

Born:
6 May 1856
Died:
23 September 1939,
Sigmund Freud was
the founding father
of psychoanalysis
 Psychoanalysis- A
Method For Treating
Mental Illness And
Also A Theory Which
Explains Human
Behavior.
Freud Believed That
Events In Our
Childhood Have A
Great Influence On
Our Adult Lives,
Shaping Our
Personality.
 For Example, Anxiety
Originating From
Traumatic Experiences In
A Person's Past Is Hidden
From Consciousness, And
May Cause Problems
During Adulthood (In The
Form Of Neuroses).
 Thus, When We Explain
Our Behavior To
Ourselves Or Others
(Conscious Mental
Activity), We Rarely Give
A True Account Of Our
Motivation.
 This Is Not
Because We Are
Deliberately Lying.
 While Human
Beings Are Great
Deceivers Of
Others, They Are
Even More Adept
At Self-deception.
 Freud's Life Work Was
Dominated By His Attempts
To Find Ways Of Penetrating
This Often Subtle And
Elaborate Camouflage That
Obscures The Hidden
Structure And Processes Of
Personality.
 Words He Introduced
Through His Theories Are
Now Used By Everyday
People, Such As Anal
(Personality), Libido,
Denial, Repression,
Cathartic, Freudian Slip,
And Neurotic.
 CRADLES OF
EARLY SCIENCE
Development
of Science in
Mesoamerica
 Mesoamerica
includes the entire
area of Central
America from
Southern Mexico up
to the border of
South America.
 There is no doubt
that the
Mesoamerica region
is rich in culture and
knowledge prior to
the arrival of its
European colonizers.
 MAYA
CIVILIZATION
 -is one of the
famous civilization
that lasted for
approximately
2,000 years.
Mesoamerican
civilization
Mayan knowledge
and understanding
about celestial
bodies was
advanced for their
time
 As evidenced by
their knowledge of
predicting eclipse
and using
astrological cycles
in planting and
harvesting.
 The Mayan also
developed the
technology for growing
different crops and
building elaborate cities
using ordinary
machineries tools.
 They build
hydraulics system
with sophisticated
waterways to supply
water to different
communities.
MICA
-Is the Mayans built
looms for weaving
cloth and devised a
rainbow glittery
paints made from a
mineral
They also believed to
be one of the first
people to produce
rubber products
3,000 years before
Goodyear received
its patent in 1844
 Inca
civilization
is also famous
in Mesoamerica
 The following were
scientific ideas and
tools that they
developed to help
them in everyday life:
 Aztec
Civilization
 Also made
substantial
contribution to
science and
technology and to
the society as a
whole.
 Some of their
contribution are
the following:
 1.

MANDATORY
EDUCATION
 2.

CHOCOLATES
 3.
ANTISPASMODIC
MEDICATION
 4.

CHINAMPA
 5.
AZTEC
CALENDAR
 6.
INVENTORY OF
THE CANOE
DEVELOPMENT
OF SCIENCE IN
ASIA
 • Asia is the
biggest continent
in the world and
the home of many
ancient
civilizations.
 • It is a host to a
many Cultural,
economics ,
scientific and
political activities
of all ages.
 In the fuels of
sciences, Technology,
and Mathematic ,Greta
civilization have stood
out India, China ,and
the Middle east
civilization.
• These civilizations
where in comparable
in teens of Their
contribution to the
Development of
knowledge during
their time.
INDIA
 • India is a huge
peninsula
surrounded by vast
bodies of water and
fortified by huge
mountains in its
northern boarders.
• They are known
for manufacturing
iron and in
metallurgical
works.
 • There are
numerous Muslim
scholars who made
significant
contributions in the
field of
 science,
mathematics,
astronomy,
philosopy , and
even in the field of
social sciences.
CHINA
China is the one of
the ancient
civilizations with
substantial
contributions in
many areas of life.
 And their
civilization is
greatly influenced
by many of its
neighbor countries.
 In the field of
medicine, China is
known for Traditional
medicines and they
discover various
medical properties.
Also, the uses of
different plants
and animals to
cure human
illness.
For the development
of technology of
China, they are
known to develop
many tools and
designs of different
models of bridges.
 China known for
significant records
on supernovas,
lunar, solar
eclipses and
comets.
They are preserved
to understand
better the heavenly
bodies and their
effects to our
world.
 China made
substantial
contributions in
various fields and
the list of
overwhelming.
 However, the
culture factors
prevented these
Chinese
achievements for
their development.
MIDDLE EAST
COUNTRIES
 Middle East
Countries
Are dominantly
occupied by
muslims.
ISLAMIC GOLDEN
AGE
(The Golden Age
of Islam)
 It was a period of
cultural, Economic
and scientific
flourishing in the
history of
Islam.
 Traditionally
dated from the 7 th

and 8 century to
th

the 13 century.
th
 Muslim rulers
promoted the
translation of
greek philosophy
of Science
 And their
encourage further
scientific explotion
in numerous fields
including:
 HASAN IBN AL-
HAYTHAN
“Lbn Al-Haytham’’
(965AD- 1040)
-The father of
modern optics
 -An Arab
mathematicians,
Astronomer and
Physicist of
Islamic golden age
 - He was the first
to point out that
vision occurs I the
brain, rather than
in the eyes.
 MUSA AL-
KHWARIZMA
“MUHHAMAD
LBN’’
(780-850)
- A Persian scholar
who produced
work in the
mathematics,
astronomy and
geography.
 - He also
presented the first
systematic
solution of linear
and quadratic
equation.
 - His name gave
rise to the terms
of algorism and
algorithm.
ABU MUSA JABIR
LBN HAYYAN
‘JABIR LBN
HAYYAN’’
(721CE- 815CE)
The Father of
Chemistry
 - He emphasized
systematic
experimentation and
did much to free
alchemy from
superstition and turn
it into a science.
 ABU ALI SINA
“LBN SINA’’
(980- JUNE 1030)
- He is the Father
of Modern
Medicine
 -He was a Persian,
Muslim polymath
who is regarded as
one of the most
significant physician
and astronomer.
 - His famous
works are the;
*Books Of healing
*Cannon Of
medicine
DEVELOPMENT
OF SCIENCE IN
AFRICA
 Africa is Blessed
with natural and
mineral resources.
The ancient Egyptian
civilization has
contributed and
made significant
 Advances in the
field of astronomy,
mathematics and
medicine.
 These early
science activities
in Egypt were
develop to improve
the quality of life
 Egyptians
especially in
building there
early homes and
cities
Egypt was known to
be center of alchemy
which is known as
the medieval
forerunner of
chemistry.
They tried to study
anatomy and
pharmacology and
applied important
component
 Such as
examination ,
diagnosis, treatment,
and prognosis for the
treatment of a
diseases.
Astronomy was
also famous in
African region,
Where they have
Three types of
calendars:
 - Lunar
- Solar
- Stellar
 Metallurgy was
also known in the
African region
during the ancient
times.
They invented metal
tools used in their
homes, agriculture
and in building their
magnificent
architectures.
 Mathematics was
also known to be
prominent in the
life of early people
in the African
continent.
The lebombo
Bone from the
mountains,
 Which may have
been tool for
multiplication ,
division and simple
mathematical
calculator
 Ancient Egyptians
are good in the four
fundamental
mathematical
operations and
mathematical skills.
SUMMARY
 SCIENTIFIC
REVOLUTION
- Is a golden age
in the history of
science.
It marked the birth
of science as a
discipline an as
afield of inquiry and
gave birth to the
development of the
scientific method.
 It was a time in the
history of science
where many scientific
ideas and discoveries,
which were
considered innovative
and useful.
Some of these ideas
were also
controversial in the
scientific
community and in
the political area.
 The scientific
revolution
significant change
how people study in
science and do
scientific activities.
 There are many
intellectual who
made essential
contribution in
science during the
period of scientific
revolution.
Nicolaus Copernicus
developed a model
of the universe in
which everything
moved around the a
single center.
He placed the sun
in the center of
the universe and
all the planets
were surrounding
or orbiting it.
 THE END
THANK YOU FOR
WATCHING

(SMILE EMOGI)
 GROUP 1
Lagarde Hernandez
Ibrahim Baliling
Sanchez Tayag
Pascua Gajudo
Garcia Barde
Fabella Dosal
Corpin Manlapaz
Baluyot Flores