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Module 1: Introduction To Information and Communication Technology

1. The document provides information about the history of computers including key early machines and inventors. It discusses Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine as the first designed computer. 2. It then asks the student to answer multiple choice questions testing their knowledge of early computers like ENIAC, the first electronic general-purpose computer, as well as inventors like Herman Hollerith who invented punched cards. 3. The questions cover topics like the different generations of computers defined by their components from vacuum tubes to integrated circuits and microprocessors.

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902 views6 pages

Module 1: Introduction To Information and Communication Technology

1. The document provides information about the history of computers including key early machines and inventors. It discusses Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine as the first designed computer. 2. It then asks the student to answer multiple choice questions testing their knowledge of early computers like ENIAC, the first electronic general-purpose computer, as well as inventors like Herman Hollerith who invented punched cards. 3. The questions cover topics like the different generations of computers defined by their components from vacuum tubes to integrated circuits and microprocessors.

Uploaded by

ᜊ᜔ᜎᜀᜈ᜔ᜃ᜔ ᜃᜈ᜔ᜊᜐ᜔
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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MODULE 1: INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

TECHNOLOGY

Name: Angelique V. Falcon DATE 09-20-21

Course & Year: BS Accountancy 3A ______ CAMPUS: CapSU – Main

Assessment
Instruction: Answer the following questions.
1. What is the relevance of ICT in your chosen course?
Information Communication Technology (ICT), is often used an extended
synonym for IT. It is a more extensive term that stresses the role of unified
communications and the integration of telecommunications, computers, as well as
necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which
enable users to access, store, transmit and manipulate information.
ICT was always been a major factor to efficient accounting system and to have a
great organizational performance. ICT has been used to augment the reliability of
accounting information and organizational performance. This is because it brings lots of
benefits to accounting, among which are: Accuracy, computers perform calculations
without errors irrespective of such calculations being simple or extremely complex;
Speed of processing information, apart from being accurate, computers have the ability to
process huge volumes of data very rapidly. Reports such as account balances, control
accounts, trial balance, income statement and balance sheet can be obtained at few clicks;
Ability to process high volumes of information, computers have the ability to do the jobs
that would require several workers had a manual system been used. Examples include
preparation of control accounts, financial statements and preparing payroll; Performing
reconciliations, accounting software allows reconciliations to be performed automatically
and rapidly; Ease and capacity of information storage, computers provide virtually
unlimited space for storing data (on hard disks, servers, removable disks and even on the
internet). These require very little space and may retain information for years; And lastly,
ICT provides security, information on computers are considered to be safe. This is
because access to information can be restricted by using passwords. Also, in some
accounting software which allows multi-users, it is easy to trace which user has
performed what transaction. This reduces the risk of fraud.

2. Name at least 4 uses of ICT in our daily lives and explain.


Communication – Technologies (like phone, computer, internet, etc.) make it
easier for people to interact. Money can be saved because it's much quicker and
cheaper to move information around. With the help of ICT, it has become quicker
and more efficient.
Job Opportunities - By enabling new forms of work, ICT changes the structure of
jobs, the way people develop their career, and the way they work. ICT enables
organizations to operate more efficiently, so employing staff with ICT skills is
vital to the smooth running of any business. Being able to use ICT systems
effectively allows employees more time to concentrate on areas of their job role
that require soft skills.

Education - ICT in education improves engagement and knowledge retention.


Technology provides different opportunities for students to learn and teachers to
make it more fun and enjoyable in terms of teaching the same things in different
ways. As a consequence of this increased engagement, it is said that they will be
able to retain knowledge more effectively and efficiently. When teachers are
digitally literate and trained to use ICT, these approaches can lead to higher order
thinking skills, provide creative and individualized options for students to express
their understandings, and leave students better prepared to deal with ongoing
technological change in society and the workplace.

Socializing - Advances in ICT have heralded a major transformation in human


communication, giving rise to new trends of media for social communication. As
the ICT has become ubiquitous, faster and increasingly accessible to non-
technical
communities, social networking and collaborative services have grown rapidly
enabling people to communicate and share interest in many more ways, sites like
Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube, and many more let people of all ages
rapidly share their interest of the movement without others everywhere.

3. Give 5 positive impacts and 5 negative impacts of ICT in the society.


ICT has contributed a lot to change our everyday life such as letter to e-
mail, market shopping to online shopping, classroom learning to e-learning, etc.
However, those changes may be positive or negative to society.

The following are five of the positive impacts of ICT in the society:

o Access to information: Increase in access to information and services that


has accompanied the growth of the Internet. Some of the positive aspects
of this increased access are better, and often cheaper, communications,
such as VoIP phone and Instant Messaging.
o Improved access to education, e.g. distance learning and online tutorials.
New ways of learning, e.g. interactive multi-media and virtual reality.
o Information management: Data mining of customer information to
produce lists for targeted advertising. Improved stock control, resulting in
less wastage, better cash flow, etc.
o ICT allows people to participate in a wider, even worldwide, society
o Creation of new more interesting jobs. Examples would be systems
analysts, programmers and software engineers, as well as help desk
operators and trainers.

These five statements are among the negative impacts of ICT to society:

o Job loss: Manual operations being replaced by automation. e.g. robots


replacing people on an assembly line. Job export. e.g. Data processing
work being sent to other countries where operating costs are lower.
Multiple workers being replaced by a smaller number who are able to do
the same amount of work. e.g. A worker on a supermarket checkout can
serve more customers per hour if a bar-code scanner linked to a
computerized till is used to detect goods instead of the worker having to
enter the item and price manually.
o Reduced personal interaction: Most people need some form of social
interaction in their daily lives and if they do not get the chance to meet and
talk with other people they may feel isolated and unhappy.
o Reduced physical activity: This can lead to health problems such as
obesity, heart disease, and diabetes.
o Cost: A lot of ICT hardware and software is expensive, both to purchase
and to maintain. An ICT system usually requires specialist staff to run it
and there is also the challenge of keeping up with ever-changing
technology.
o Competition: this is usually thought of as being a good thing, but for some
organizations being exposed to greater competition can be a problem. If
the organization is competing for customers, donations, or other means of
funding nationally or even internationally, they may lose out to other
organizations that can offer the same service for less money.
MODULE 2: HISTORY OF COMPUTER: BASIC COMPUTING PERIODS

Name: Angelique V. Falcon DATE 09-20-21

Course & Year: BS Accountancy 3A ______ CAMPUS: CapSU – Main

Assessment
Instruction: Write the correct answer.
Analytical Engine 1.) What was the name of first computer designed by Charles Babbage?
ENIAC 2.) Which was the first electronics digital programmable computing
device?
Electronic Discrete Variable
Automatic Computer 3.) EDVAC stands for __________.
Analytical Engine 4.) Which was the first commercial computer?
Universal Automatic
Computer5.) UNIVAC stands for __________.
6) ENIAC stands for __________.
Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer
Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator
Electronic Numerical Integrator Automatic Computer
Electronic Numerical Integrator Automatic Calculator
Living in the IT Era PAGE | 21
7) John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert are the inventors of __________ computer.
UNIAC
ENIAC
EDSAC
Mark 1
8) Who invented the punch card?
Charles Babbage
Semen Korsakov
Herman Hollerith
Joseph Marie Jacquard
9) In the late __________, Herman Hollerith invented data storage on punched cards
that could then be read by a machine.
1860
1900
1890
1880
10) Which electronic components are used in First Generation Computers?
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum Tubes
Microprocessor
11) Which electronic components are used in Second Generation Computers?
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum Tubes
Microprocessor
12) Which electronic components are used in Third Generation Computers?
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum Tubes
Microprocessor
13) Which electronic components are used in Fourth Generation Computers?
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum Tubes
Microprocessor
14) Which electronic components are used in Fifth Generation Computers?
Transistors
Integrated Circuits
Vacuum Tubes
Microprocessor
Living in the IT Era PAGE | 22
15) ENIAC Computer belongs to __________.
First Generation Computers
Second Generation Computers
Third Generation Computers
Fourth Generation Computers

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