Product Assembly

and Servicing
Quarter 2 – Module 3:
Preparing And Interpreting
Technical Drawings (PITD)
Week 5
Electronic Product Assembly and Servicing – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Assembling Electronic Products (AEP)
First Edition, 2019

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to Electronic Product Assembly and Servicing 11 Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Assembling Electronic Products!
This module will serve as the learner’s path to discovering the WHAT and HOW
of preparing pastry products.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to Electronic Product Assembly and Servicing 11 Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on Performing Mensuration and Calculation (PMC)
!
Welcome to this module in Performing Mensuration and Calculation (PMC).
This module was designed to teach you how perform mensuration and calculation
specifically in the training regulation and curriculum guide.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will
be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
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What I Know check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
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activity or a situation.
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answers to the exercises using the Answer
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In this portion, another activity will be given
Additional Activities to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.
This contains answers to all activities in the
Answer Key module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

What I Need to Know

Welcome to the course of electronic product assembly and servicing! The module
contains one lesson, namely:

 Preparing And Interpreting Technical Drawings (Pitd)

And this common competency mentioned above is directed to the attainment of4
learning outcomes namely:
LO1. Identify different kinds of technical drawings
LO2. Interpret technical drawing
LO3. Prepare/make changes to electrical/ electronic schematics and
drawings

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Select appropriate technical drawing according to job requirements Obtain
correct specifications from relevant source
2. Recognize components, assemblies, or objects
3. Identify electrical/electronic schematic symbols correctly
4. Undertake care and maintenance of drawings in accordance with company
procedures

Lesson PREPARING AND INTERPRETING TECHNICAL

4 DRAWINGS (PITD)

DEFINITION OF TERMS

AC voltage - a voltage in which the polarity alternates

Anode - the positive electrode or terminal of a device. The “P” material of a diode
Bridge Rectifier - a circuit using four diodes to provide full-wave rectification.
Converts AC voltage to a pulsating DC voltage
Calibration – used to adjust the correct value of a reading with comparison to a
standard value
Color Code - set of colors used to indicate value of a component
DC Power Supply - Set of colors used to indicate value of a component
Diode - a two terminal device that conducts in only one direction
Full Wave Rectifier - the rectifier that makes use of the full ac wave in both positive
and negative half cycles
Fuse - a device in the current path that melts or breaks when current protective
exceeds a predetermined maximum value
Half Wave Rectifier - a diode rectifier that converts AC to pulsating DC by
eliminating either the negative or positive alternation of each input AC cycle
Leakage - small undesirable flow of current through an insulator or dielectric
Light Emitting Diode - a semiconductor diode that converts electric energy into
electromagnetic radiation at a visible and near infrared frequencies when its PN
junction is forward bias
Output - terminal at which a component, circuit or piece of equipment delivers
current, voltage or power
Power Supply - electrical equipment used to deliver either AC or DC voltage
Primary - first winding of a transformer winding that is connected to the source as
opposed to secondary which is a winding connected to a load
PCB - insulating board containing conductive tracks for circuit connections
Rectification - process that converts alternating current to direct current
Rectifier - diode circuit that converts AC to pulsating DC
Regulated Power Supply - power supply that maintains a constant output voltage
under changing load condition
Rotary Switch - electromechanical device that has a rotating shaft connected to one
terminal capable of making, breaking a connection to one or more other terminals
Schematic Diagram - illustration of an electrical or electronic circuit with the
components represented by their symbol
Secondary - output winding of a transformer winding that is connected to a load
Short Circuit - also called a short. Low resistance connection between two points in a
circuit typically causing excessive current
Solder - metallic alloy used to join two metal surfaces
Soldering Iron - tool with an internal heating element used to heat surfaces
being soldered to the point where the solder becomes molten
Substrate - mechanical insulating support upon which a device is fabricated
Switch - electrical device having two states, ON (closed) or OFF (open)
Test - sequence of operations intended to verify the correct operation or
malfunctioning of a piece of equipment or system
Transformer - inductor with two or more windings
Troubleshooting - systematic approach to locate the cause of a fault in an electronic
circuit or system
Volt-Ohm-Milliammeter - known as a multitester. A test equipment used to check
AC, DC voltages, current in a circuit and resistance of any components out of the
circuit.
 LO1: Identify different kinds of technical
drawings

Performance Standards
 Correct technical drawing is selected according to job
requirements.
 Technical drawings are segregated in accordance with the types
and kinds of drawings.

What I Know

Pretest LO1:

DIRECTIONS: Write the letter of the best answer on the space provided for before each

number. Use another sheet of paper for your answer.

1. A drawing instrument consisting of two parts namely the stock and the blade, joined
together at right angles to each other by means of screws.
A. L-square C. T-square
B. Try square D. Protractor
2. It is a combination of T-squares, scales, set squares, and protractors attached to a
drawing board.
A. Drafter C. Drawing set
B. Electronic template D. French curve
3. This device includes symbols for electronic and electrical design that can be
traced using a drawing pencil.
A. Triangular rule C. French curve
B. Electronic manual D. Electronic template
4. It is a smooth board usually rectangular in shape provided with perfectly
straight edge which is used as working edge on which the T-square is
moved while making drawings.
A. Drawing board C. T-square
B. Breadboard D. Set of squares
5. A drawing instrument with two legs hinged at one end and is used for
drawing circles and arcs of circles.
A. Drafting pen C. Technical pen
B. Compass D. Protractor
 What I Need to Know

When you purchase a brand new appliance or equipment, it is very important

that a diagram is included with the product to insure that there will be a reference
material in case the appliance or equipment becomes defective. Shown in Fig. 1-1a is
the schematic diagram of a 1-watt stereo audio amplifier, while Fig. 1-1b is its
pictorial diagram.

To produce a quality and marketable electronic diagram, you have to follow the
Electronic Drafting Standards which is the process of illustrating various kinds of
circuits and wiring systems.
 The most common graphical languages used in the illustration of components in
circuits and wiring systems are block, schematic, wiring, and pictorial diagrams.

Most symbols that you will encounter in laying out electronic diagrams are
accepted as standard, but in some cases some manufacturers modify symbols and
practices to suit a particular industrial policy while others use their own symbols to
represent unique or special component and devices.

Schematic Symbols of Electronics Components

Electronic Template

Drawing Instrument and their uses

Drawing instruments are used in preparing accurate drawings. Quality drawing

instruments can produce accurate and good and presentable drawings. Below is a list
of some of the most common used drawing instruments and materials in electronic
drafting.
1. Drawing board. A smooth board usually rectangular in shape provided with
perfectly straight edge which is used as working edge on which the T-square is moved
while making drawings.

2. T-square. A T-square consists of two parts namely the stock and the blade joined
together at right angles to each other by means of screws. The stock is made to slide
along the working edge and the blade moves on the drawing board. The working edge
of a T-square is used to draw parallel lines, vertical lines or inclined lines at 30 or 60
degrees.

3. Drafting machine or drafter. In a drafting machine, the uses and advantages of T-

squares, scales, set squares, and protractors are combined. One end of the drafter is
clamped at the left top end of the drawing board by a screw provided in the drafter.

4. Set squares. Set squares are generally made from plastic material. They are
triangular in shape with one corner, a triangle. A pair of set squares (30 o- 60o) and 45o.
They are used to draw lines at 30o, 60o and 45o to the vertical or horizontal.
 5. Protractor. Protractors are used to mark or measure angles between 0 and 180 o.
They are semicircular in shape and are made of plastic. Protractors with circular
shape are capable of marking and measuring 0 to 360 o are also available in the
market.

6. Drawing pencils. The accuracy and appearance of a drawing depends on the quality
of pencil used to make drawing. The grade of a pencil lead is marked on the pencil.
HB denotes medium grade. Increase in hardness is shown by the value put in front
of H such as 2H, 3H, etc. Softer pencils are marked as 2B, 3B, and 4B etc. A pencil
marked 3B is softer than 2B and pencil marked 4B is softer than 3B and so on.
Beginning of a drawing may be made with H or 2H. For lettering and dimensioning,
H or HB pencils are used.

7. Compass. Compass is used for drawing circles and arcs of circles. The compass has
two legs hinged at one end. One of the legs has pointed needle fitted at the lower end
where as the other end has provision for inserting pencil lead.

8. Drawing pins and clips. These are used to fix the drawing sheet on the drawing
board.
9. Electronic templates include symbols for electronic and electrical design
that can be traced using a drawing pencil.

How much you have learned?

DIRECTION: Draw at least five (5) drawing instruments, describe and give the
function of each.

Drawing Instrument Description Use

Directions: Match the electronic and electrical symbols in Column A with the
corresponding descriptions in column B. Write the letter of your answer on the
space provided before each number.

Column A Column B

A. Capacitor

1.

B. Transistor

2.

C. Transformer
3.

D. Fuse

4.

E. Resistor

F. Diode
5.

What I Need to Know

Resistor
A resistor is a device with a known value of resistance. Its main function is to
reduce voltage and to limit the flow of current in a circuit. This resistance is actually
the opposition that a component or material offers to the flow of current.
Resistance may or may not be useful in circuit/s. When too much current
passes through a conductor, (solid, liquid, gas through which electrons pass easily)
the resistance of the conductor may cause it to become hot. This, in turn, can create
a fire hazard or cause the conductor to burn out. In this case, it is not desirable. In
other cases, when it is placed intentionally in the circuit, it performs its specific
task.

Symbol of Resistor
 Fixed
Variable

Fixed Resistor

It is a single value resistance, which remains the same under the normal condition.
The two common kinds of fixed resistors are carbon resistor and film-type resistor.

Variable Resistor

Variable resistors are used when it is necessary to change the amount of resistance in
a circuit. There are two common variable resistors, the potentiometer and rheostat.
Generally a potentiometer is generally has carbon resistive element while the rheostat
is generally made of resistance wire.

Both devices have a sliding arm that brings into contact with the resistance element.
In most variable resistors the arm is attached to the shaft that can be adjusted
Element changes.
A potentiometer is commonly used as control device. It can be used to vary the value
of voltage applied to a certain circuit such as in the amplifier, television, and different
kinds of meter circuit.

Resistor Power Rating

Power rating of resistors changes with their sizes, the bigger the resistor the greater
the wattages and the smaller the resistor the lesser the wattage. Different sizes of
resistors are shown below which are drawn to the exact proportion.

A capacitor is a device that consists essentially of two conducting surfaces separated

by a dielectric material like air, paper, mica, ceramic, glass, or Mylar. It makes it
possible to store electric energy. Electrons are detained within a capacitor. This, in
effect, is stored electricity. It is known as electrical potential or an electrostatic field.
Electrostatic field hold electrons. When the increase of electrons becomes great
enough, the electrical potentials are now ready to be discharged.

The component is designed intentionally to have a definite amount of capacitance.

This capacitance is a property that exists whenever insulating material permits the
storage of electricity. It is measured in Farad (F) micro-Farad (μF), nano Farad (nF),
and picofarad (pF).

Characteristic of Capacitor

1. It can store electric charge even though the voltage source is already disconnected.

2. It can discharge electrical voltages.

Symbols of Capacitor
 Common Types of Capacitor

Variable capacitors used as tuning capacitor for radio receivers

How Much You Have Learned?
DIRECTION: Draw the schematic symbol and physical appearance of the following
electronic components and give the function(s) of each.
 LO2:
Interpret Technical Drawings

Performance Standards

 Components, assemblies or objects are recognized as required.

 Dimensions of the key features of the objects depicted in the drawing are
correctly identified.
 Symbols used in the drawing are identified and interpreted correctly.
 Drawing are checked and validated against job requirements or equipment in
accordance with standard operating procedure.

What I Know

Pretest LO2:

Direction: Answer the following questions. Write the letter of the best answer.

1. A geometric figure usually used to represent a stage in a block diagram.

A. Rectangle C. Pentagon

B. Circle D. Hexagon

2. It is the process of illustrating various kinds of circuits and wiring systems.

A. Reference designation C. Freehand drawing

B. Electronic Drafting D. Mechanical drawing

3. It shows the relationship between the various component groups or stages in the
operation of the circuit.

A. Wiring diagram C. Pictorial diagram

B. Block diagram D. Schematic diagram

4. Another name for connection diagram.

A. Wiring diagram C. pictorial diagram

B. Block diagram D. schematic diagram

5. It is a picture or a sketch drawn to show the component of a circuit and how

These components are connected together.

A. Wiring diagram C. Pictorial diagram

B. Block diagram D. Schematic diagram

What Do You Need To Know

All electronic circuits from the simplest to the most complex design need diagrams to
be used as reference in designing, modifying, and troubleshooting the circuit. The
most common used electronic diagrams are schematic, pictorial, wiring, and block
diagrams. Each one of these diagrams has its own unique characteristics in
presenting the circuit. The different diagrams that you should be familiar with are the
following:

Pictorial diagram - It shows the pictures of the actual components and wiring
connections although it does not provide the exact size of components. It shows exact
shape in proportion to the actual component or device.

Block Diagram – This form usually uses block of squares, rectangles or triangles to
represent components, group of components or units of equivalent. Block diagrams
are particularly used to represent internal components of an integrated circuit.
 Block Diagram of Power Supply

Schematic diagram - It shows the components used in their interconnection. Each

graphic symbol is also accompanied with a reference designation to distinguish it from
other similar symbols. It does not illustrate the physical size, shape or chassis location
of the component parts and devices.

Wiring diagram – It shows wiring connection in a simplified, easy to follow manner. It

may show either internal or external connections or both and is usually drawn as
simple as possible to trace out the connection of a circuit. The components of the
circuit are identified by name or are represented by means of pictorial illustrations
that do not follow any well- defined standard form.

How Much You Have Learned?

DIRECTIONS: Shown below are different electronic diagrams. Write the name of the
diagram in the space provided for at the bottom of each diagram.
 LO3:
Prepare Electric Diagrams

Performance Standards

 Electrical/ electronic schematic diagrams are drawn and correctly identified.

 Correct drawing are identified, equipment are selected and used in accordance
with job requirements

What I Know

Pretest LO3:

Direction: Answer the following questions. Write the letter of the correct answer in the
space provided for.
1. If the Greek letter Omega (Ω) appears in a schematic diagram, the component value
being represented is a
A. capacitor C. transformer
B. transistor D. resistor
2. The labels of a capacitor C1A and C1B in a diagram are examples of _____.
A. designated letters C. subscript letters
B. suffix letters D. coefficient letters
3. These types of lines are used on schematic diagrams to show a mechanical linkage
between components.
A. Dashed lines C. Thick lines
B. Medium lines D. Thin lines
4. One of these is NOT given in a schematic diagram
A. Wiring specifications C. Actual appearance of components
B. Point-to-point resistance values D. Operating instructions
5. The symbols on a schematic diagram are arranged so that the diagram can be
“read” in this manner.
A. Top to bottom C. Right to left
B. Bottom to top D. Left to right

‘
What Do You Need To Know
One of the features of a quality electronic diagram is its appearance with simplicity in
design and easy-to-understand layout. To achieve this, you have to follow the following
standards in laying out electronic diagrams. Rules for Drawing Symbols
Recommended practices to be used in the application of symbols to a circuit
diagram are listed below.
1. The position of a symbol on a diagram does not affect its meaning.
2. The weight of a line used in drawing a symbol does not affect its meaning. In
some
cases, a heavier line may be used to emphasize a particular symbol.
3. A given symbol may be drawn in any size that is suitable for use in any
particular diagram. However, when a symbol is enlarged or reduced in size, it should
be drawn in proportion to the rest of the drawing.
4. If necessary for contrast, some symbols may be drawn smaller or larger than
other symbols on a diagram. However, for simplicity, it is recommended that not more
than two different sizes of symbols be used on any one diagram.
 5. In general, a connecting line should be brought to a symbol either vertically
or horizontally, but a connecting line brought to a symbol at an angle has no
particular significance unless otherwise noted.
6. The arrowhead of a symbol may be open ( ) or closed ( ) unless otherwise
noted.
7. The standard symbol for terminal (o) may be added to any symbol. But when
this is done, the terminal symbol should not be considered a part of the symbol itself.

Reference Designation
The symbols used to represent various components on a circuit diagram are most
often accompanied by a combination of letters that identify the components but are
not themselves a part of the symbol.

Numerical Values of Components

When details of the type, rating; or value of a particular component are to be given on
a diagram, this information is placed adjacent to the symbol or is given by means of
notes accompanying the diagram.. In this scheme, the symbol Ω for ohms and the
abbreviations μF and pF for capacitance values are usually omitted and are instead
replaced by notes such as the following:
1. All resistors expressed in ohms unless otherwise indicated.
2. All capacitors expressed in microfarads unless otherwise indicated.
A resistance value of 1,000 ohms or more is most often expressed in terms of Kilohm
(K) or Megaohm (M) units. Thus a resistance of 4,700 ohms is written as 4.7K, while a
resistance of 270,000 ohms may be written as 270K or as 0.27M. The comma used
when writing a 4-digit number such as 4,700 is not used when such a number is
given on a diagram.
Capacitance values of 1 through 9,999 picofarads are usually expressed in picofarad
units. Capacitance values greater than 10,000 picofarads should be expressed in
microfarad units.
Suffix Letters
Suffix letters are used to identify separate parts of a unit upon a diagram when such
components appear as a single, enclosed unit as shown in Fig. 3-2. C1A and C1B are
the suffix letters used in the diagram.
 Two Capacitors are enclosed in one unit

Layout
The layout or form of a diagram should show the main features prominently. The parts
of a diagram should be carefully spaced to provide an even balance between blank
spaces and lines. Enough blank space should be left in the areas near symbols to
avoid crowding any necessary notes or reference information.

Schematic diagram of an audio amplifier

Line Thickness
As with other types of diagrams, a schedule of line weights or line conventions is used
in drawing electrical and electronics diagrams. The standard line conventions used in
the preparation of these diagrams are shown in Table.
Connecting Lines
Lines connecting symbols and other parts on a diagram should, whenever possible, be
drawn either horizontally or vertically. As a general rule, no more than three lines
should be drawn to any point on a circuit diagram (Fig. 3-4A). This procedure reduces
the possibility of line crowding that could make the interpretation of a diagram more
difficult than necessary.

Interrupted Lines
Connecting lines whether single or in groups, may be interrupted when a diagram
does not provide for a continuation of these lines to their final destination. When a
single line is interrupted, the line identification can also indicate the destination.
When groups of lines are interrupted, the destination of the lines is usually given in
conjunction with brackets. In all cases, the lines should be located as close as possible
to the point of interruption.

Methods of identifying the destination of single and grouped connecting lines.

Dashed Lines
Dashed lines (------) are used on schematic and other types of diagrams to show a
mechanical linkage between components or parts of components.
 Dashed lines are used to indicate the mechanical linkage of a 2-pole, 3-position
selector switch.

How Much You Have Learned

DIRECTION: Write the letter of the best answer on the space provided for before each
number.
1. A letter designation is written near or beside a symbol to indicate what type of
component that symbol is. The letter designation for transistor is _______.
A. Q C. S
B. R D. T
2. These types of lines are used to show mechanical linkages between components or
parts of components on schematic diagram.
A. Connecting lines C. Medium lines
B. Dashed lines D. Thin lines
3. This punctuation mark is used to show the destination of grouped interrupted lines
in a diagram.
A. Bracket C. Open and close quotations
B. Comma D. Question mark
4. To avoid crowding of any necessary notes or reference information, enough blank
space should be left in the areas near WHICH of the following elements on a schematic
diagram.
A. Component labels C. Dashed lines
B. Connecting lines D. Symbols
5. In a schematic diagram, values of resistors are usually labeled in this unit
otherwise noted by the manufacturer.
A. KΩ C. Ohms
B. MΩ D. Resistance

How Do You Apply What You Have Learned?

Directions: Using your electronic template, redraw the schematic diagram of a six-
input mixer shown below. Label all components using the values listed as parts list.
Be sure to follow the rules in drawing symbols.

DIRECTION: Shown in Fig. A is a schematic diagram of a 50-watt booster

amplifier and in Fig. B is its pictorial diagram. Redraw the pictorial diagram
and write in Table the name of components/devices indicated by arrows
and give their functions.

Fig. A- Schematic diagram of a 50- watt booster amplifier

 Fig. B- Pictorial diagram of 50- watt booster amplifier

Table: Name of components, devices and their functions

Name of component/ device Function in the circuit

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.