NORTHEASTERN MINDANAO ACADEMY

“The School that Trains for Life”

Purok 10, Los Angeles, Butuan City, Agusan del Norte

Learning Module For

Practical research 1

Practi
1
cal
Name: _____________________________ Grade Level & Section:_____________
Topic: Practical Research 1 Time Frame: 4 weeks/ Month 1
Teacher: Mrs. Rena Lou C. Saramosing Consultation Time: Monday-Friday
Contact Number: 09190081349 9:00 am–11:00am & 1:00–4:00pm
Email Address: [email protected]

Statement of Vision

Northeastern Mindanao Academy has greatly envisioned transforming the students, into
exemplary citizens, and leaders by providing them, with physical, mental and social and spiritual
trainings.

Statement of Philosophy

Northeastern Mindanao Academy conforms to the Seventh – day Adventist belief, that
the students are God’s heritage and their teachers are His servants. NEMA adheres the
commission, to educate the young, for a true knowledge of God and experience His
companionship, in study and service. Primarily, its purpose is to put in effect, the Divine Plan, “to
restore in man the lost image of God”.

Statement of Mission

By making Christ the Bedrock of Education, Northeastern Mindanao Academy is

committed to prepare students, for higher academic pursuits, by consistently providing enhanced
learning experiences that will promote the maximum development of the mind, body, and soul.
And to inspire them to gain the highest possible capacity for usefulness and service in the life that
now is and in the life of the better world.

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 INTRODUCTION

Every day, you are faced with many challenges that require
possible and immediate solutions. For instance, if your house is relatively
far from your school and the traffic situation in your are is unpredictable,
you might be thinking of the fastest and cheapest way to go on to school
on a particular day. Or, you have probably wondered what causes the
daily traffic jam in the cities and what is the best way to at least
minimize it.

One way to solve these problems is through research. As a

learner, research is necessary in order to develop your critical, creative,
and problem-solving skills which you will need in order to come up with
a good and reasonable decision. Moreover, research can help you
develop your personality to think rationally and find connections and
relations to your field of interest and in your everyday activities.

To conduct qualitative research, there are certain steps to be

followed which are discussed thoroughly in the lessons in this module.

Lesson 1: Introduces the nature and importance of research in

general,
Lesson 2: Discusses the difference between qualitative and
quantitative research,
Lesson 3: Introduces the nature and characteristics of qualitative
research. In addition, it also outlines the
different approaches used in qualitative research,
Lesson 4: Explains the importance of qualitative research across
chosen field of interest,
Lesson 5: Highlights the formulation of research problem and
questions. This is also the module that gives you
the preliminaries such as writing the research title,
significance, and scope and delimitation
of the study,
Lesson 6: Shows how to select and synthesize related literature,
and explains how to write the review of related
literature,
Lesson 7: Describes the research design and explains the
fundamentals of research,
Lesson 8: Highlights the development of research instruments,
Lesson 9: Explains the writing of the entire research methods.
Lesson 10 – 13: Writing Workshops.

Each module consists of 4 lessons wherein each lesson

is developed through the following phases:

 MOTIVATE – provides an overview of what you should

understand in the lesson. This includes clear directions and
purpose of the lesson. This also states the expectations in line
with what you should know, understand, and be able to do,
produce, or perform to show there is transfer of learning. It
activates your prior knowledge and prepares you for higher level
tasks.

 ORGANIZE – presents the main reading or literary text and the

activities/ tasks that lead you to acquire knowledge,
make sense of, and construct meaning out of the information
and experiences contained therein.

Northeastern Mindanao Academy “The School that Trains for Life”| PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
  VALIDATE - includes activities that will expand, enrich,
enhance, and broaden your understanding of the target concepts
and
skills. It also presents the real life-based product or performance task
as final output for the lesson that serves as evidence of
understanding of the target concepts and skills.
This is an enabling task for the main real life-based product
or performance task covering the entire module.

 ENGAGE – enables you to express your insights, learning, and

realization on the lesson. This part contains prompts and other
organizers that will help you sum up and synthesize what you have
learned.

As you go on with the lessons, you will form a deeper

understanding of the new perspectives of conducting a qualitative
research. Through these set of lessons, you will be able to widen your
perspectives and have an increased understanding of the significance of
conducting research. With these, you may be able to develop a critical
mind, develop your decision-making skills, and become a 21 st century
learner.

The lesson were written involving real-life situations in order for

you to relate easily in a real life setting and enable you to see its
relevance to your life ad even to other fields of study.

Its goal is to initiate you to become equip with basic skills in

qualitative research and to teach you to use these basic skills in making
decisions and solving problems you face every day.

Northeastern Mindanao Academy “The School that Trains for Life”| PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
 Lesson 1
THE NATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF
RESEARCH

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this lesson, I can:
 Share research experiences and knowledge;
 Explain the importance of research in daily life; and
 Describe the characteristics, processes, and ethics of research.

MOTIVATE

What comes first into your mind when you encounter

the word “RESEARCH”? Experiment? Investigation?
Inquiry? Product? Development?

Many students are overwhelmed when asked to do a

research. This is probably due to the misconception that
research is a job for scientists or a requirement for
students who want to earn a college or post graduate
degree. As a senior high school student, you might have
your own (mis)conception of research; thus, this
lesson is designed to help you understand the nature and
importance of research in daily life.

ORGANIZE
Research
 Searching for knowledge

Northeastern Mindanao Academy “The School that Trains for Life”| PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
  “Careful study that is done to find and report new
knowledge about something” (Merriam – Webster’s
Dictionary)
 “Systematic inquiry that is designed to collect, analyze,
interpet data to understand, describe or predict
phenomenon” (Mertens, 2015)
 “The formal and disciplined application of scientific inquiry
to the study of problems” (Navarro and Santos, 2011)

Among its practical applications are discovering medical

breakthroughs, advancing technological developments,
and understanding and solving problems in education,
business, economy, and society. In more specific terms, the
following are some of the importance of research:

1. Gather Relevant Information

 The results of research(es) are usespringboard in
conducting more researches or in planning new
projects. For example, a research on the basic needs
of the target customers can help companies develop
and market a new line of products.

2. Improve Quality of Life

 Research undertaking are basically geared toward
improving the quality of life. The major breakthroughs
in the field of communications, transportation,
medicine, entertainment, and food and nutrition are all
possible because of researches conducted. Through
continuous research, these breakthroughs are further
improved to make people’s lives convenient and
comfortable.

3. Understand History
 Understanding our history can help us better
understand our current society and the behavior of the
people. Research plays an important role not only in
helping us trace our history, but also in understanding
and providing possible solutions to the pervading
problems of the current society.

4. Personal and Professional Development

 Research challenges us to become better individuals
through the new ideas, perspectives and skills that we
can get when doing research. Personally, you will gain
more knowledge and thus widen your perspective
about life in general. Professionally, you will not only
meet your academic or school requirement but you will
also advance to a more challenging and exciting world
of learning.

Aside from the various benefits mentioned, research has

many practical and personal benefits.

1. Good Decision Maker

 You are challenged to make objective decisions based
solely on the facts and information you have gathered.

2. Good Problem Solver

 You can easily come up with solutions.

3. Good Critical and Creative Thinker

 You can easily weigh these challenges and pose
possible solutions and remedies to any circumstances.

4. Good Contributor of Knowledge

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  The outcome of your research contributes additional
information to the existing body of knowledge.

You have already learned how important research is in your

daily life. Before your engage yourself in this relevant and
practical activity, you have to know first the
characteristics of a good research.

Characteristics of Good Research

1. Research is empirical.
 It uses facts and data that are obtained through a
thorough investigation.

2. Research is analytical.
 The researcher carefully analyzes and interprets the
gathered data before arriving at a conclusion.

3. Research is systematic.
 It follows a certain method or procedure in order to
obtain objective results.

4. Research is cyclical.
 It begins with a problem and ends with the resolution or
tentative answers to the problem to complete the cycle.

5. Research is original.
 It is expected that nay of research output is a product
of novel ideas and shows originality.

As mentioned above, research is systematic and cyclical. This

means that you need to follow a step-by-step process to
Successfully conduct a research study. As a beginning
researcher, you may follow these steps in the research
process:

Research Processes

1. Define your topic

 The very first step in conducting research is choosing
and defining your topic. Remember that your chosen
topic will directly affect the research process, so if you
want to lessen your time in gathering information, you
have to choose your topic wisely.

2. Write your problem statement.

 Your problem statement is the statement that describes
what is to be tested during the entire research process
or the general problem or question that the research
aims to answer.

3. Make an outline.
 The outline serves as the first draft of your paper. Start
by writing down all the relevant information you have
gathered in line with your research topic. Then logically
organize your outline.

4. Develop a research strategy.

 Developing a strategy in conducting your research
minimizes the time and effort you will be putting on
your paper. This will serve as your guide in setting out
your objectives and priorities.

Northeastern Mindanao Academy “The School that Trains for Life”| PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
 5. Evaluate your sources.
 You must check the quality and credibility of the
sources you will use in the study. You may do this by
considering the authority (author and publisher),
currency (date of publication), and purpose (intention of
the author) of the material.

6. Write and revise your paper.

 Check the contents of your paper. Make sure that the
contents are in line with your chosen topic and problem
statement.

7. Document your sources.

 Documentation of sources is important in any research
for it shows the credibility of the writer. This shows
whether the ideas or information are taken from
another source or from the author himself or herself.

Ethics in Research

You may have encountered the word ethics several times. For
example, you may might have heard or be familiar with the
terms medical ethics, business ethics, teaching ethics, or
classroom ethics.

Ethics, in simple words, are norms for conduct that distinguish

between acceptable and unacceptable behavior. As an
important human activity, research has also its own
set of ethics. Research ethics establishes the moral
integrity of the researches which is crucial as it ensures
that the research findings are valid and trustworthy.

The following is a general summary of some ethical principles

that researchers must observed.

1. Honesty
 Strive for honesty in all scientific communications.
Honestly report data, results, methods and procedures,
and publications status. Do not fabricate, falsify, or
misrepresent data.

2. Objectivity
 Strive to avoid bias in experimental design, data
analysis, data interpretation, peer review, personnel
decisions, grant writing, expert testimony, and other
aspects of research where objectivity is expected or
required. Avoid or minimize bias or self – deception.

3. Integrity
 Keep your promises and agreements; acts with
sincerity; strive for consistency of thought and action.

4. Carefulness
 Avoid careless errors and negligence; carefully and
critically examine your own work. Keep good records of
research activities such as data collection, research
design, and correspondence with agencies.

5. Openness
 Share data, results, ideas, tools, resources. Be open to
criticism and new ideas.

6. Respect for Intellectual Property

 Honor patents, copyrights, and other forms of
intellectual property. Do not use unpublished data,

Northeastern Mindanao Academy “The School that Trains for Life”| PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
 methods, or results without permission. Give credit
where credit is due. Give proper acknowledgement or
credit for all contributions to research. Never plagiarize.

7. Confidentiality
 Protect confidential communications and personal
information of your respondents, if any.

8. Social Responsibility
 Strive to promote social good and prevent or mitigate
social harms through research, public education, and
advocacy.

9. Competence
 Maintain and improve your own professional and
expertise through lifelong education and learning.

10. Legality
 Know and obey relevant laws and institutional and
governmental policies.

11. Animal Care

 Show proper respect and care for animals when using
them in research. Do not conduct unnecessary or
poorly designed animal experiments.

12. Human Subjects Protection

 When conducting research on human subjects,
minimize harms and risks and maximize benefits;
respect human dignity, privacy, and autonomy; take
special precautions with vulnerable populations; and
strive to distribute the benefits and burdens of research
fairly.

In this lesson, you have learned that research, the systematic

and an empirical process of searching for knowledge, has
many practical benefits for humankind. Aside from
learning the characteristics of a good research, you were
also oriented to the research process, or the step-by-step
procedures in doing research, and ethics in research, or
the set of norms or ethical guidelines that researchers need to
adhere to when conducting research studies.

VALIDATE
E
Read the selection and answer the guide questions below.

A group of young researchers wanted to determine the

possible effects of phthalates on the metabolic rate and behavior
of mice. An experimental procedure was conducted to carry out the
problem. The researchers used old plastic materials from
plastic bottles as the source of phthalates. They cut the plastic
material into smaller pieces and blended. They injected the phthalate
samples orally into the mice. After the treatment, the
metabolic rate and the behavior of the mice were observed.

Guide Questions:

1. What ethical issues should be observed in the research?

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 _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

2. Do you think the researchers committed any violations in the conduct

of research? Why? Or why not?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

3. If you were part of the research team, what should you do to correct
these violations?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

ENGAGE

Your community is currently facing an environmental problem

on waste disposal. As a survey specialist, your task is to gather
data by conducting interviews and observation. You may interview any
official (barangay captain or councilor), the waste
management officer, and some residents of the community. Make
sure you have list of questions and observation form before the
actual conduct of the gathering. Your interview will be done either
video call or phone call. Your narrative interview report should be well
written with emphasis on the possible solutions to solve the
waste disposal problem in the community.

(You can have the space provided below for your list of questions of
your interview, observations and narrative interview report.)

MY TREASURE

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