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    EEE2003 - Electromechanical Energy Conversion Lab: School of Electrical Engineering

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    Akshit VS
    This document provides instructions for an experiment to measure and record the armature current, field current, and power factor of a synchronous motor under no load, 20% load, and full load conditions. Students are asked to vary the field current using a field regulator and record the measurements in a table. They will then plot the data on graphs to obtain the V and inverted V curves that show the motor's performance under different excitation levels. The objective is to study how the motor's current and power factor change with variations in field current and load.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    EEE2003 - Electromechanical Energy Conversion Lab: School of Electrical Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Akshit VS
    25 views9 pages
    This document provides instructions for an experiment to measure and record the armature current, field current, and power factor of a synchronous motor under no load, 20% load, and full load conditions. Students are asked to vary the field current using a field regulator and record the measurements in a table. They will then plot the data on graphs to obtain the V and inverted V curves that show the motor's performance under different excitation levels. The objective is to study how the motor's current and power factor change with variations in field current and load.

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    Electromechanical Energy Conversion EEE Core Experiment 10

    Original Title

    emecexp10_19BEE0435

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    This document provides instructions for an experiment to measure and record the armature current, field current, and power factor of a synchronous motor under no load, 20% load, and full load conditions. Students are asked to vary the field current using a field regulator and record the measurements in a table. They will then plot the data on graphs to obtain the V and inverted V curves that show the motor's performance under different excitation levels. The objective is to study how the motor's current and power factor change with variations in field current and load.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views9 pages

    EEE2003 - Electromechanical Energy Conversion Lab: School of Electrical Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Akshit VS
    This document provides instructions for an experiment to measure and record the armature current, field current, and power factor of a synchronous motor under no load, 20% load, and full load conditions. Students are asked to vary the field current using a field regulator and record the measurements in a table. They will then plot the data on graphs to obtain the V and inverted V curves that show the motor's performance under different excitation levels. The objective is to study how the motor's current and power factor change with variations in field current and load.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 9

    SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

    EEE2003 – Electromechanical Energy Conversion Lab

    Experiment No.: 10

    Title: Load test on three phase squirrel cage induction


    motor.

    Date of Experiment: 20th October, 2020

    Slot: L39 + L40

    Name of Student: V S Akshit

    Register Number: 19BEE0435

    Faculty Name: Dr. Belwin Edward J


    V – CURVES AND INVERTED V – CURVES OF SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

    OBJECTIVE:
    1. To study the effect of variation of field current upon the stator current and power factor with
    synchronous motor running at no load, hence to draw V and inverted V- curves of the motor.
    2. To repeat the above, with synchronous motor in different load condition.

    APPARATUS REQUIRED:

    S.NO NAME TYPE RANGE QUANTITY

    1 Ammeter MC (0 – 1) A 1

    2 Ammeter MI ( 0-5 ) A 1

    3 Power factor meter DE 500V, 10 A 1

    THEORY:

    With constant mechanical load on the synchronous motor, the variation of field current changes
    the armature current drawn by the motor and also its operating power factor. As such, the behavior of the
    synchronous motor is described below under three different modes of field excitation.

    1. NORMAL EXCITATION
    The armature current is minimum at a particular value of field current, which is called the normal
    excitation. The operating power factor of the motor is unity at this excitation and thus the motor is
    equivalent to resistive type of load
    Figure 1: TEST CIRCUIT FOR V-CURVES & INVERTED V-CURVES

    SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR CONTROL SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR MECHANICAL LOAD SET UP BY EDDY


    PANEL
    CURRENT DYNAMOMETER
    Ri Ro M L
    R
    FUSE
    A C V
    R
    rpm
    415 V 600 900
    T 300 1200
    50 Hz 0 1500
    P FIELD Torque (Kg-m)
    3-Φ AC
    S REGULATOR Y N
    Y Yi o S S
    T
    FUSE N
    415 V S
    50 Hz F1 F2
    STOP START Y B NULL SETTING
    3-Φ AC
    BUTTON BUTTON
    C V
    B
    Bi Bo M L ON/OFF SWITCH
    FUSE
    FIELD
    - +

    TORQUE SETTING

    A
    Fig - 1

    NAME PLATE DETAILS FUSE RATING CALCULATION


    2. UNDER EXCITATION
    When the field current is decreased gradually below the normal excitation, the armature
    current increases and the operating power factor of the motor decreases. The power factor under this
    condition is lagging. Thus, the synchronous motor draws a lagging current, when it is under excited
    and is equivalent to an inductive load.

    3. OVER EXCITATION
    When the field current is increased gradually beyond the normal excitation, the armature
    current again increases and operating power factor decreases. However, the power factor is leading
    under this condition. Hence, the synchronous motor draws a leading current, when it is over excited
    and is equivalent to a capacitive load.

    Applications of synchronous motor

    1. Power houses and sub-stations. Used in power houses and sub-stations in parallel to the bus-
    bars to improve the power factor
    2. Factories. Used in factories having large number of induction motors or other power
    apparatus, operating at lagging power factor, to improve the power factor.
    3. Mills – industries etc. Use in textile mills, rubber mills, mining and other big industries, cement
    factories for power applications
    4. Constant speed equipment : Used to drive continuously operating and constant speed equipment
    such as
    • Fans
    • Blowers
    • Centrifugal pumps
    • Motor generator sets.
    • Ammonia and air compressors etc
    5. Voltage regulation.
    The voltage at the end of long transmission line varies greatly especially when large inductive
    loads are present. When an inductive load is disconnected suddenly, voltage tends to rise considerably
    above its normal value because of the line capacitance. By installing a synchronous motor with a field
    regulator (for varying its excitation), this voltage rise can be controlled.
    TABULAR COLUMN MODEL GRAPH
    Y

    Armature current Ia
    S.NO Ia ( Amperes) If ( Amperes) Power factor

    Lagging P.F. Leading P.F.


    X
    Y Field current If

    1.0

    Power factor
    FULL LOAD

    HALF LOAD

    NO LOAD
    Lagging P.F. Leading P.F.

    X
    Field current If
    Fig - 2
    PRECAUTIONS

    Before starting and after completion

    1. The DPSTS ( DC mains ) and TPSTS ( AC mains ) should be in off position.


    2. The field regulator should be in minimum position.
    3. There should not be any load on the alternator

    PROCEDURE

    1. Connections are made as shown in Fig.1 circuit diagram.


    2. Switch on the 3-𝜙 AC power supply.
    3. Start the motor by pressing the starting ( red button ) in synchronous motor control
    panel.
    4. Now the synchronous motor is running in normal speed in specified direction. If not
    interchange any two terminals. ( May be RY OR YB OR BR )
    5. Switch on the DC mains OR DPSTS and the field winding is closed.
    6. The field regulator OR alternator (field) rheostat should be varied from minimum
    potential to maximum potential position and the corresponding meter readings are
    tabulated in tabular column.
    7. Repeat the above steps for different load conditions if the load settings are available
    otherwise only no load reading should be taken.
    8. After taking all the readings readjust all the setting of synchronous motor to their
    initial positions and then switch-off the DC and AC main supply to stop the motor.
    9. Graphs are plotted between 𝐼𝑎 Vs 𝐼𝑓 and Power Factor Vs 𝐼𝑓 i.e. ‘V’ curve inverted ‘V’
    curves as in Fig.2

    Simulation Diagram:
    Tabular Column:

    No-Load 20% Load Full Load


    S.No. Power Power Power
    If Ia If Ia If Ia
    Factor Factor Factor
    Column1 Column2 Column3 Column4 Column5 Column6 Column7 Column8 Column9 Column10
    1 0 5.64 0.03 0 5.31 0.09 0 5.31 0.09
    2 0.11 3.46 0.01 0.11 3.61 0.11 0.11 4.04 0.23
    3 0.22 2.03 0.1 0.22 2.16 0.24 0.22 2.53 0.42
    4 0.33 0.98 0.25 0.33 1.22 0.53 0.33 1.71 0.7
    5 0.44 0.42 0.88 0.44 0.8 0.94 0.44 1.37 0.95
    6 0.48 0.4 1 0.49 0.71 1 0.5 1.31 1
    7 0.61 0.75 0.53 0.56 0.84 0.93 0.56 1.3 0.99
    8 0.72 1.27 0.37 0.67 1.14 0.68 0.67 1.51 0.89
    9 0.83 1.97 0.29 0.78 1.69 0.53 0.78 1.91 0.73
    10 0.94 3.01 0.19 0.89 2.49 0.37 0.89 2.64 0.56
    11 1.06 4.61 0.17 1 3.76 0.27 1 3.86 0.43

    Table by V S AKSHIT 19BEE0435

    OUTPUT GRAPHS:
    (a) Power factor Vs Field Current:

    Power factor Vs Field current


    19BEE0435 V S AKSHIT
    1.2

    1
    power factor

    0.8

    0.6

    0.4

    0.2

    0
    0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
    Field current (If)

    no load 20% load full load

    (b) Armature Current Vs Field Current:


    Armature current Vs Field current
    V S Akshit 19BEE0435
    6
    Armature current

    5
    4
    3
    2
    1
    0
    0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
    Field current

    no load 20% load full load

    RESULT:
    The V-curves and inverted V-curves of 3-phase synchronous motor was performed by
    suitable experiment at no load and the following performance graphs were obtained
    and drawn.
    (i) Field current Vs Armature current _ V-curves
    (ii) Field current Vs Power factor _ Inverted V-curves

    Viva-Questions
    1. What is the magnitude of starting torque in 3-phase synchronous motor?
    2. What are the various methods of starting a 3-phase synchronous motor?
    3. What is the nature of power factor, when a synchronous motor is operated (i) under excitation (ii)
    normal excitation and (iii) over excitation?
    4. Is is possible to operate a synchronous motor on any other speed than the synchronous speed?
    5. What are the basic differences between a 3-phase synchronous motor and 3-phase indu ction motor?

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