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UNIT - II - Major Systems in A Rocket & Missiles

The document discusses the major systems in rockets and missiles, including the structural, payload, guidance, and propulsion systems. It describes the key components of the structural system, including the frame made of strong but lightweight materials, stringers and hoops that form the shape, and thermal protection coating. It also explains that the payload depends on the rocket's mission, such as explosives, nuclear warheads, satellites, and manned capsules. The guidance system uses sensors, computers, radars, and communications to maneuver the rocket during flight through methods like exhaust vanes or nozzle rotation. It also provides stability. Common guidance systems are mentioned like line of sight, command, beam rider, homing, inertial navigation, and combinations.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
98 views15 pages

UNIT - II - Major Systems in A Rocket & Missiles

The document discusses the major systems in rockets and missiles, including the structural, payload, guidance, and propulsion systems. It describes the key components of the structural system, including the frame made of strong but lightweight materials, stringers and hoops that form the shape, and thermal protection coating. It also explains that the payload depends on the rocket's mission, such as explosives, nuclear warheads, satellites, and manned capsules. The guidance system uses sensors, computers, radars, and communications to maneuver the rocket during flight through methods like exhaust vanes or nozzle rotation. It also provides stability. Common guidance systems are mentioned like line of sight, command, beam rider, homing, inertial navigation, and combinations.

Uploaded by

mani
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Rockets & Missiles

Unit-II

Major Systems in a Rocket/Missiles

G.Dinesh Kumar
Assistant Professor(S.G)
[email protected]
UNIT- II
AERODYNAMICS OF ROCKETS AND MISSILES
Airframe Components of Rockets and Missiles - Forces Acting on a Missile While
Passing Through Atmosphere - Classification of Missiles - methods of Describing
Aerodynamic Forces and Moments- Lateral Aerodynamic Moment - Lateral
Damping Moment and Longitudinal Moment of a Rocket - lift and Drag Forces -
Drag Estimation - Body Up wash and Downwash in Missiles - Rocket Dispersion.
-Numerical Problems.

.
Systems…..
There are four major systems in a rocket/missiles;
structural system,
payload system,
guidance system, and
propulsion system.
Structural System
 This the frame is similar to the fuselage of an airplane.
 The frame is made from very strong but light weight materials,
like titanium or aluminum, and usually employs long
"stringers" which run from the top to the bottom which are
connected to "hoops" which run around around the
circumference.
 The "skin" is then attached to the stringers and hoops to form
the basic shape of the rocket.
 The skin may be coated with a thermal protection system to
keep out the heat of air friction during flight and to keep in the
cold temperatures needed for certain fuels and oxidizers.
 Fins are attached to some rockets/missle at the bottom of the
frame to provide stability during the flight.
Payload System
 The payload system of a rocket depends on the rocket's mission.
 The payload of the German V2 had several thousand pounds of
explosives.
 Following World War II, many countries developed guided ballistic
missiles armed with nuclear warheads for payloads.
 The same rockets were modified to launch satellites with a wide
range of missions; communications, weather monitoring, spying,
planetary exploration, and observatories, like the Hubble Space
Telescope.
 Special rockets were developed to launch people into earth orbit and
onto the surface of the Moon.
Guidance System

 This system of a rocket may include very sophisticated


sensors, on-board computers, radars, and communication
equipment to maneuver the rocket/missile in flight.
 Different methods have been developed to control rockets in
flight. The V2 guidance system included small vanes in the
exhaust of the nozzle to deflect the thrust from the engine.
 Modern rockets typically rotate the nozzle to maneuver the
rocket.
 The guidance system must also provide some level
of stability so that the rocket/missile does not tumble in flight.
A Missile System may comprise of many of the following

• Systems (most often Vehicle-borne, Mobile):


• Launcher system
• Target Surveillance, and Tracking Radars System
• Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence System (C3I)
• Missile Replenishment System
• Power Supply System
• Survey Vehicle
• Radar Repair and Vehicle Repair Vehicle
• Fuel and Oxidiser Carriers
• Missile Automatic Health Check System

Due to this, a Missile System is treated as system of systems.


GUIDANCE SYSTEM

 Line of Sight Guidance


 Command Guidance
 Beam rider Guidance
 Homing Guidance
 Active Homing
 Semi-Active Homing
 Passive Homing
 Inertial Navigation Guidance
 Combination of the above
Command Guidance
Beam Radar
Homing
Semi Active Homing
Active Homing
Passive Homing

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