Basic Mathematics

Number System and Operating

 Integer  -…………………..
 Natural Number  1,2,3……………………….
 Whole numbers  0,1,2,3……………………..
 Even numbers  2,4,6,8……………………….
 Odd numbers  1,3,5,7,………………………
 Prime numbers 2,3,5,7,11,13……………….. (we cannot break such numbers)
 Co-prime numbers H.CF = 1 eg.(5,7), (7,8,13)…………….etc
 Composite numbers a number which is divisible by more than two numbers so, 4,6,8,10……….
a
 Rational numbers: Any number that is either an integer 'a' or is expressible as the ratio to two integer .
b
The numerator a may be any whole number and the denominator 'b' may be any positive whole number
a
greater than zero. If the denominator happens to be 1, the ratio is an integer. If 'b' is other than 1, is a
b
1 6 5
fraction. Eg. , 6 , √ 36= , ,…………..etc
7 1 2
 Irrational numbers: Any number that cannot be expressed by an integer or the ratio of two integer
irrational numbers are expressible only as decimal fractions where the digits continue forever with no
repeating pattern
p
e.g. √ no−perfect square numer ≠ so, √ 5 , √ 3 , √ π , π , √ 7…………..etc
q
Exercise
1. Convert 0.6333……………………… into rational number
63−6 57
Ans: 0.6333……….= 0.63́= =
90 90
2. Convert 0.3333……………………… into rational number
3 1
Ans: 0.3333……….= 0.63́= =
9 3
Divisibility or reminder rule
 Rule of 2
2' = 2= last 1 digit must be divisible by 2
22=4 = last 2 digit must be divisible by 4
23=8= last 3 digit must be divisible by 8

Question
What is the number when 23546×5437×7646 is divided by 4
56 37 46
Ans: → R=0 , → R=1 , → R=2 so the reminder =0×1×2=0
4 4 4
What is reminder when 8078 +15486+15725 is divided by 8?
 78 486 725
Ans: → 6=0 , → R=6 , → R=5 and the reminder =6+6+5=17
8 8 8
7
so, the reminder = 1[∵ ⇒ R=1 =0×1×2=0
8
 Rule of 5"
5' = 5 last 1 digit must be divisible by 5
52 = 25 last 2 digit must be divisible by 25
53 = 125 last 3 digit must be divisible by 125
Question
Find the reminder when 378675+12378+79831 is divided by 25?
R 1+ R 2+ R 3 0+ 3+6 9
Ans: = = , So, reminder =9
25 25 25
 Rule of 3: Sum of digits should be divisible by 3 or 9 or 27………….
Questions
Find the reminder when 12345637283 is divided by 3?
41
Ans: Here sum of digits = 41 so, ⟹ R=2
3
Find the reminder when 8010647764 divided by 9?
43
Ans: Here sum of digits = 43 so, ⟹ R=7
9
 Rule of 6: 6=2×3. So the number is divisible by 6 if the number is divisible both 243.
 Rule of 7/13: Making groups digits form last to first & taking +.–,+……… from last to first and taking
sum. Ex
123 456 789
+ – +
Here, +123, -456+789=456
456
So, ⟹ R=1
7
 Rule of 11: Sum of odd places digits of even place digits Example 123456
R = (6+4+2) – (5+3+1) = 3 (Whenever it is +ve)
But for negative case Example 887465
Here, odd sum – even sum = 14-21 = –4
Exercise
1. Which of the following no is divisible by 99?
a) 135732 b) 803358 c) 3572403 d) 114345
2. Find the value of y in the number 4y56 so as to make it divisible by 33 is
Solution
33=3×11
4+ y+ 5+6 15+ y
= = ⟵ for the rule of 3
3 3
= 4+6-9 = y–3  for the rule of 11
to be zero y –3=0 y =3
3. If 1568a356 is divisible by 88. Find a & b
Solution
 88= 8×11 for 8, 356 should be divisible by 8
So, by inspection b  1 but b =2
And for 11, 1568a352 should be divisible by 11
So, 18– (12+a) = 6–a to be zero
 a =6, b = 2
4. 461+462+463+464 is divisible by which of the following number?
a) 11 b)13 c) 17 d)19
Solution
=461= [1+4+42+43] =461×85
5. 325+326+327+328 is divisible by
a) 12 b)16 c) 25 d)30
=325= [1+3+32+33] =325×40

Ratio and Proportions

Ratio: A ratio is as fraction that compares two quantities that are measure in the same units. The first quantity
is the numerate and the second quantity is denominator
a
Key1: If a set of objects is divided into two groups in the ratio a:b then the first group contains of the
a+b
b
objects and the second group contains of the objects
a+b
Example: Last year, the ratio of the number of tennis matches that Nepal's women' team won to the number of
matches they lost was 7:3. What percent of their matches did the team win?
7 7
Ans: = =70 %
7+3 10

Proportions: A proportion is an equation that states that two ratios are equivalent

a) Direct Proportion
b) Indirect Proportion
c) Compound Proportion

Chain Rule: A rule in which two or more than two quaintness /values are kept in a certain chain to obtain the
required quantity is called chain rule.

Exercise

1. If a:b = 3:4 , b:c = 7:9 , then find a:b:c

Ans 21 : 28 : 36
2. If a : b = 2 : 3, b : c = 6 : 9, c : d = 5 : 7, then find
a) a : b : c Ans 20 : 30 : 45
b) a : d Ans 20 : 63
3. If a : b : c = 2 : 3 : 4 & 2a – 3b + 45 = 33, the find the value of c
a) 12 b) 9 c)6 d) none
4. A sum of money is to be distributed among A, B, C, D in the proportion of 5 : 2 : 4: 3 if C gets Rs 1000
more than D, What is B is share?
a) 2000 b) 3000 c) 4000 d) 5000
5. Two numbers are respectively 20% and 50% more than a third number the ratio of the two numbers is
 120 4
Ans: =
150 5
6. The salaries A,B,C are in the ratio 2:3:5 if the increases of 15% , 10% and 20% are allowed
respectively in their salaries, then what full be new ratio of their salaries
Ans:23:33:60
7. Two numbers are in the ratio 3:5 of 9 is subtracted from each, the new numbers are in the ratio 12:23
then the smaller number is
Ans: 33
2
∧p 3 ap−bq
8. If a 3 3 , then find
= = 2 ap+3 bq
b q 4
3 5 1 2
a) b) c) d)
7 8 8 3
3 3
23 x −11 y 3 x+ y
9. If = find
3
10 x +6 y 3
4 2 x− y
a) 2:1 b) 3:2 c) 4:3 d) 5:4
10. If 2x+y–5z=0 and 3x–2y–4z=0 find x : y : z
a) 1:2:1 b) 1:1:1 c) 1:1:2 d_ 2:1:1
11. What must be added to both the terms a & b so that their ratio becomes equal to p : q?
aq+bp ap+bq aq+bp aq – bp
a) b) c) d)
p+q p+q p– q p– q
a c
12. If = then the value of which of the following is equal to value of (a 2+b2) (c2+d2) ?
b d
1 a+b ab a−b
a) b) c) d)
2 c+ d cd c−d
13. The ratio of the percentages of a man and his wife is 5:4 which of the following cannot be possible ratio
of their ages 20 years ages?
a) 7 : 5 b) 3 : 2 c) 13 : 10 d) 6 : 5
14. A bag contains one rupee, 50 paise and 25 paise coins in the ratio 1 : 2 : 4 . If the total amount the bag
is Rs.75 find the number of 50 paise coins in the bag
Ans: 50
15. A certain sum of money is divided among A , B and C such that A gets half of what B & C together get.
B gets are third of what A and C together get. If A got Rs 500 more than B, then how much money was
divided?
Ans: 6000
16. There are five identical glasses containing milk in the ratio 3 : 4 : 5 : 6 : 7. How many glasses are least
half full of milk. If the total volume of milk in the glasses is three–fifth of the total volume of the five
glasses?
Ans : 3
17. The vertical distance covered by a body falling freely under gravity is directly proportional to the
square of the time for which it falls. If a body covered 300m in the first 10 seconds of its free fall, find
the distance covered by the body in the next 10 seconds?
Ans 900m
18. The distance travelled by a freely falling body is directly proportional to the square of the time which it
falls. A body fell 95m in the 10th second. Find the distance (in m) it fell in the 14th second.
Ans: 135 m
19. The speed of a railway engine is 42kmph. When no compartment is attached, and the reduction in speed
is directly proportional to the square root of the number of compartments attached. If the speed of the
 train carried by this engine is 42kmph when 9 comportments are attached the maximum number of
comportments that can be carried by the engine is
a) 49 b) 48 c) 47 d) none
20. If the price of 6 chairs is same that of 4 tables price of 5 tables is equal price of 3 desks and price of 20
desks equals that of 6 bench then find the price of a bench where the price of a chair is Rs180
Ans: 1500
6×5×20×1×180= 4×3×6×x×1  x = 1500

Percents
The word percent means hundredth. We use the symbol % to express the word ' percent'.
i. What is 45% of 200?
ii. 90 is 45% of what number?
iii. 90 is what percent of 200?
Key -1: For any positive numbers a, b
i a% of 100 is a
ii. a % of b = b % of a
actual increase
Key – 2 (a) The percent increase of a quantity = ×100
original amount
actual decrease
(b) The percent decrease of a quantity = ×100
original amount
Key -3: If a < b percent increases in going from a to b always greater than the percent decreases in going b to
a
Key -4 a) To increase a number by k % multiply it by ( 1+k%)
b) To decrease a number by k % multiply it by ( 1–k%)
Key-5 An increase of k% followed by a decreases of k% equal to a decreases of k % followed by an increases
of 5% and is always less than the original value. The original value is never regained.
Key -6 a) A decreases of a % followed by a decreases of b% always results in a smaller decreases than a
single decreases of (a+b)%
b) A increases of a % followed by a increases of b% always results in a larger increases than a single
increases of (a+b)%
c) A increases (or decreases) of a % followed by another increase (or decreases) of a% is never the
same as a single increases (or decreases) 2a%
Key 7 a) If a number is the result of increasing another number by k%, to find the original number divide by
(1+k%)
b) If a number is the result of decreasing another number by k%, to find the original number divide it
by (1-k%)

Examples
1. The values of Rs 1600 investment after a 25% increases is 1600 (1.25) = 2000
2. The January, the value of a stock increased by 25% and in February, it decreased by 20%. How did the
value of the stock at the end of February compare with its value at the beginning of January?
a) It was less b) It was the same c) It was 5% greater
d) It cannot be determined from the information given
3. From 1989 to 1990, the number of applicants to a college increased 15% to 5060. How many
applicants where there in 1989?
Ans 5060  (1+15%) = 4400
4. The population of country doubled every 10 years from 1960 to 1990. What was the percent increases
in population during this time?
a) 200% b) 300% c) 700% d) 800%
 Assume that the population was originally 100. Then it increases from 100 to 200 to 400 to 8500. So,
the population in 1990 was 8 times the population in 1960. But this was an increase of 700 people or
700%.

Question
1. What will be 80% of a number whose 200% is 90?
a) 40 b) 32 c) 36 d)35
2. 25% of a number is less than 18% of 650 by 19. The number is
a) 450 b) 544 c) 380 d) 392
1 1
3. If 37 % of a number is 900, then 62 % of the number will be
2 2
a) 1200 b) 1350 c) 1500 d) 540
4. If 11% of a number exceeds 7% of the same by 18 the number is
a) 72 b) 360 c) 400 d) 720
5. If two candidates bought an election one got 65% of the votes and won by 300 votes. The total number
of votes polled is
a) 600 b) 800 c)1000 d) 1200
6. When 40% of a number is added to 42, the result is the number itself the number is
a) 82 b) 105 c) 70 d) 72
7. A student got 23% marks and failed by 15 marks another student got 35% marks passed by 21 marks.
Find
a) Maximum marks -300 b) Passing percentage 38%
c) Passing marks 84
8. A student got 240 marks in a test and failed by 6% point another student got 320 marks passed by 4%
points. Find
a) Maximum marks -800 b) Passing percentage 36%
c) Passing marks 288

Fractions & Decimals

Fractions:
numerator
A fraction consists of two parts a number numerator and denominator i.e.
denominator
a) Proper fractions
b) In proper fractions
Note: To compare fractions cross multiply. The larger number will be on the same side as the larger fraction.
9
∧10
Example: 10 by cross multiply, we get 99 vs 100.
11

For the fractions between 0 and 1, squaring a fraction makes it smaller and taking the square root of a
fraction makes it larger (only for proper fraction)
Decimals
The value of the decimal place decreases to the right of the decimal point
1 2 3 4
0.1234 = + + +
10 100 1000 10000
Exercise
1. Which one of the following fractions is greatest?
a) 5/6 b) 4/5 c) 2/3 d) ¾
2. If 0 < x < 1, which of the following must be true?
 1
i) x2 < x ii) x < iii) √ x < x
x2
a) I only b) II only c) I and II only d) I, II and III
1 1 1 1
3. If + ≠ 0, then which one of the following is equal to the negative reciprocal of + ?
x y x y
xy −x+ y −xy
a) b) c)–(x+y) d)
x+ y xy x+ y
1
4. of 0.1 percent equals
5
a) 2 b) 0.2 c) 0.002 d) 0.0002
5. The decimal 0.1 is how many times greater than decimal (0.001) 3 ?
a) 10 b) 102 c) 108 d) 1010
6. If x = 0.99 , y = √ 0.99 & z = (0.99)2, then which of the following is true?
a) x < z < y b) z < y < x c) z < x < y d) y < x<z
7. What will be fraction form of 0 .35 23´ ?
3523−35 3488
0.35 23
´ = =
9900 9900
8. ´ ?
What will be fraction form of 0 . 46
´ = 46−4 = 42
0. 46
90 90
9. ´ ?
What will be fraction form of 0 . 25
´ = 25−0 = 25
0. 25
99 99
10. ´ ÷0. 45804
The value of ( 0. 15268 ´ ) is
15268 45804 1
= ÷ = =0.3 .33 ..=0. 3́
99999 99999 3
11. 4.142 +100.8+?+0.053=150.152.? stands for OR ?
2
12. If a fraction denominator is decreases by 80% and numerator is increases by 300% fraction becomes .
9
What is the original fraction?
a+3 a 2 a 1
 = ⇒ =
0.29 9 b 90
13. In 3 fractions, when the largest fraction is divided by smallest fraction, the 5/4 is greater than the
3
middle fraction by ½ if sum of the 3 fractions is 2 , What will be t he difference between largest &
12
small fraction?
5
∧5 3
 A 4 5 1 3 also A+B+C = 2
= =B+ =B+ ⇒ B= 12
C 4 4 2 4
5 3 27 2 5 1
 C= +C= ⇒C + ∧A= so A–C =
4 4 12 3 6 16
2 1 1
14. Express of of Rs 25.20 as fraction of 1 of Rs 36.
3 4 2
2 1 1 25.20 7
 × × 25.20=F × 1 ×36 ⇒ F= =
3 4 2 6 ×3 × 18 90
 1 2 xy
15. Find the equivalent discount of a 5 7 % , 66 % ? [E.D = x + y− ]
7 3 100
1 4 2 2
 57 %= ∧66 %=
7 7 3 3
7 3
 mrp d= 3 1
21 3
18 6
d % = ×100= ×100
21 7
1 1 1
c) 12 % , 9 % , 11 %
2 11 9
d) 10%, 50%, 20%

Set Theory
Short cuts and important results to remember
a) Every set is subset of itself
b) Null set is a subset of every set
c) Number of subsets of a set containing n elements is 2n–1
d) If A =  then p (A) =  ; 4(p(A)) =1
e) R– is the set of all irrational numbers.
3n +1
f) No. of ordered pairs of disjoint sets of a set s having n elements is .
2
g) If A & B are any two sets, then
i) A–B= ABC ii) A–B=A AB= iii) B–A=BAC
iv) (A-B) B = A B v) (A–B) B = 
h) If n (A)= m, n (B) = n, then (A×B) = m×n and total number of different relations from A to B is 2 mn.

Exercise
1. The set A {x:x R, x2=16 and 2x=6 }equals
a)  b) {4.3,4} c) {3} d) {4}
2. If A and B are any two sets, them A(AB) is equal to
a) A b) B c) AC d) BC
3. If X = {4x–3x–1:xN} and Y={9(x–1):xN} then XY is equal to
a) X b) Y c) N d) None
4. In rule (set. builder form ) method, the null set is represented by
a) {3} b)  c) {x:x=x} d){x:xx}
5. If Na = {ax :xN}, then N5 N7=
a) N7 b) N35 c) N5 d) N12
6. For any three sets A,B,C if A  B = AC & A  B = A  C, then
a) A=B b) B = C c) A = C d) A =B = C
7. X = {8x-7n-1:nN}Y={49(x-1):xN}, then
a) X  Y b) Y  X c) X = Y d) None
8. If n (U)=700, n (A) =200, n (B)= 300 and n (A+B)=100 then (A  B ) =C C

a) 400 b) 600 c) 300 d) 200

9. A set contains 2n+1 elements the numbers of subsets of this set containing more than n elements is
equal to
a) 2n–1 b) 2n c) 2n+1 d) 22n
Required no of subsets
 = C(2n+1, n+1) +C (2n+1, n+2)+C (2n+1,n+3)………+C (2n+1,2n+C(2n+1, 2n+1)
= C (2n+1,n) +C(2n+1, n–1), +……..+C(2n+1,1) +C(2n+1,0)
= C ( 2n+1,0)+C (2n+1,1) +…………….+ C (2n+1,n)
1
= [1+1]2 n+1= 22n
2
10 If n(A) =4, n (B)= 3, n = (A×B×C) = 24, then n (C) = ?
a) 28 b)2 c) 12 d)17
[n(A)×n(B)×n(C)= n(A)}
11. The number of elements in the set of {(a,b): 2a2+3b2=35,a,bZ} where Z is the set of all integer, is
a) 2 b) 4 c)8 d) 12
 Progressions
1. If the pth term of A.P. be of q and qth term be p , then rth will be?
a) p+q+r b) p+q-r c) p+r-q d) p–q-r
th
2. If m term of the series 63+65+67+69+……….. and 3+10+17+24+…………. be equal, then m =?
a) 11 b)12 c) 13 d)15
3. If p times the pth term of an A.P. is equal to q times the qth term of an A.P. then (p+q)th term is:
a) 0 b)1 c) 2 d)3
1
4. Let Tr be the rth term of an A.P. for r =1,2,3…………..17 for same positive integer m,n we have Tm =
n
1
and Tn = then Tmn equals
m
1 1 1
a) b) + c)1 d) 0
mn m n
5. If the ratio of the sum of n terms of two A.P's be (7n+1: 14n+27), then the ratio of this 11th terms will be
a) 2:3 b) 3:4 c) 4:3 d) 5:6
6. The interior angles of a polygon are in A.P. If the smaller angle be 120 0 and the common difference be
50, then the number of sides is
a) 8 b)10 c) 9 d)6
1 1
7. If a1, a2, a3,………………., an are in A.P. where ai > 0 for all i, then the value of +
√ a1 + √ a2 √ a2 + √ a3
1
+……… =
√ an−1+ √ an
n−1 n+1 n−1 n+1
a) b) c) d)
√ a1 + √ an √ a1+ √ an √ a1 − √ an √ a1 – √ an
8. The ratio of sum of m and n terms of an A.P. is m2; n2, then the ratio of mth and nth terms will be
m−1 n−1 2m−1 2 n−1
a) b) c) d)
n−1 m−1 2 n−1 2m−1
n
9. A series whose nth term is
x()+ y , the sum of r terms will be

r (r +1) r (r – 1) r (r−1) r (r +1)

a) {2x
+ ry} b) {
2x } c) {
2x
−ry } d) { 2y }+ ry
10. If sum of n terms of an A.P. is 3n2+5n and Tm =164 the n,m
a) 26 b) 27 c) 28 d) none of these
11. There are 15 terms in an arithmetic progression its first term is 5 and their sum is 390. The middle term
is
a)23 b) 26 c) 29 d) 32
3+5+7 … ..+¿ n terms
12. If 10 terms ¿=7 then the value of n is
5+ 8+11+ …¿
a) 35 b)36 c) 37 d) 40
13. If the nth, 7th and 10th terms of a G.P. be a,b,c respectively then the relation between a,b,c is
a+c
a) b= b) a2=bc c) b2=ac d) c2=ab
2
14. If x,y,z ar in G.P. and ax=by=cz, then
a) logac = logba b) logba = logcb c) logcb = logac d) none of these
15. If the pth, qth and rth term of a G.P. are a,b,c respectively then aa–r, br–p. c p–q . i>0 equal to
a) 0 b)1 c) abc d) pqr
16. If the third term of a G.P. is 4 then the product of its first 5 terms is
 a) 43 b)44 c) 45 d) none of these
1 1
17. IF G be the geometric mean of x and y, then 2 2
+ 2 2 =¿
G −x G − y
1 2
a) G2 b) 2 c) 2 d)3G2
G G
18. 0.423=……………….
419 419 417 419
a) b) c) d)
990 999 990 999
19. 0.14189189189……….. can be expressed as a rational number
a) 7/3700 b) 7/50 c) 525/111 d) 21/148
20. ´ where 0.37
The value of 0.037 ´ stands for the number 0.037037037 …..is
37 1 1 37
a) b) c) d)
1000 27 37 999
a 1 2
21. If a,b,c are in A.P., then , , are in
bc c b
a) A.P. b) G.P. c) H.P. d) None of these
22. If the arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means between two distinct positive real numbers be a, G
and H respectively then t eh relation between them in
a) A> G> H b) A>G> H c) H>G>a d) G>A>H
23. If a1/x = b1/y = c1/z and a,b,c are in G.P. then x,y,z will be ini
a) A.P. b) G.P. c) H.P. d) None of these
a b c
24. If a,b,c are in A.P., then 3 , 3 ,3 will be in
a) A.P. b) G.P. c) H.P. d) None of these
25. If 9 A.M. s and H.M. s are inserted between the 2+3 and if the harmonic mean H.P corresponding to
6
arithmetic mean A, then A + =¿
H
a)1 b)3 c) 5 d)6
x+ y y+ z
26. If , y, are in H.P. then x,y,z are in
2 2
a) A.P. b) G.P. c) H.P. d) None of these
27. If the ratio of H.M. and G.M. between two numbers a & b is 4:5, then the ratio of the two numbers will
be
a) 1:3 b) 2:1 c) 4:1 d) 1:5
1 1 1
28. If a,b,c are in A.P. then , , are in
√ a+ √ b √ a+ √ c √ b+ √ c
a) A.P. b) G.P. c) not in A.P. d) None of these
29. If A is the A.M. of the roots of the equation x 2-2ax+b=0 and G is the G.M. of the roots of the equation
x2-2bx+a2=0, then
a) A>G b) A G c) A = G d) none of these
30. If a,b,c are three unequal numbers such that a,b,c are inA.P. and b-a, c-b, a are in G.P. then a:b:c is
a) 1:2:3 b) 2:3:1 c) 1:3:2 d)3:2:1
1.3 1.3 .5
31. The sum of the series of the series 1+ + +¿ ………. is
6 6.8
a)1 b) 0 c) d)4
1 1 1
32. The sum of (n+1) tems + + +…………………… is
1 1+ 2 1+2+3
 n 2n 2 2(n+1)
a) b) c) d)
n+1 n+1 n(n+1) n+2
33. If the set of natural numbers in portioned into groups S 1= {1}, S2= {2,3}, S3= {4,5,6} and so on then
sum of the terms in S50 is;
a) 62525 b) 25625 c) 625500 d) none
34. 113+123+……..203 is
a) Is divisible by 5 b) is an odd integer divisible by 5
c) is an even integer which is not divide by 5
d) Is an odd integer which is not divide by 5
35. First term of the 11th group in following groups (1), (2,3,4), (5,6,7,8,9) ….. is
a) 89 b) 97 c)101 d)123
1 1 1
36. The sum to infinity of the following series + + …………..will be
1.2 2.3 3.4
a)  b) 1 c) 0 d) none of these
1 1 1 1 1
37. If the tn= ( n+2 ) ( n+ 3) for n =1,2,3……………………….. then + + ………+
4 t1 t 2 t 3 t 2003
4006 4003 4006 4006
a) b) c) d)
3006 3007 3008 3009
38. If a1,a2,a3,………………..….a24are in arithmetic progression and a1+a5+a10++a15+a20+a24=225then
a1+a2+a3+…a23+a24
a) 809 b) 75 c)750 d) 900
39. If a,b,c are in H.P., then the value of ( 1b + 1c − 1a )( 1c + 1a − 1b ), is
2 1 3 2 3 2
a) + b) + c) − d) none of these
bc b2 c 2 ca b ab
2

1 1 1
40. The sum of the n terms of the series + + +………….is
1+ √3 √3+ √ 5 √ 5+ √7
1 1
a) √ 2 n+1 b) √ 2n+ 1 c)√ 2 n+1-1 d) ( √ 2 n+ 1−1 )
2 2
41. For any odd integer n  1 n3– (n-1)3 +…………..+ (–1)n–1 13=
1 2 1 2
a) ( 1−2 ) ( 2n−1 ) b) ( 1−2 ) ( 2n−1 )
2 4
1 2 1 2
c) ( 1+2 ) ( 2 n−1 ) d) ( 1+2 ) ( 2 n−1 )
2 4
13 13+ 23 13+23 +3 3
42. nth terms of the series + + +…………….. will be
1 1+3 1+3+5
n2 +2 n+1 n2 +2 n+1 n2−2 n+1
a)n2+2n+1 b_ c) d)
8 4 4
100 100
43. Let an be nth term of the G.P. of positive numbers let ∑ a2 n=α∧∑ a2 n=β such that  , then the
n =1 n=1
common ratio is
α β α β
a)
β
b)
α
1 1 1 1 1 1
β
c)
d)
α √ √
44. The sum to infinity of the following series 2+ + + 2 + 2 + 3 + 3 +¿ ……………will be
2 3 2 3 2 3
 7 9
a) 3 b)4 c) d)
2 2
1
45. If there are n harmonic means between 1 and end the ratio of 7th and (n-1)th harmonic means is 9:5
3
then the value in n will be
a) 12 b)13 c) 14 d)15
46. If a,b,c,d and pare different real numbers such that (a +b +c )p –2(ab+bc+cd)p + (b2+c2+d2) 0, then
2 2 2 2

a,b,c,d are in
a) A.P. b) G.P. c) H.P. d) ab = cd
47. For all positive integral rules of n, the value of 3.1.2+3.2.3+3.3.4………….. 3.n. (n+1) is
( n−1 ) n( n+1)
a) n (n+1) (n+2) b) n(n+1) (2n+1) c) (n-1) n(n+1) d)
2
48. If ,, are the geometric means between ca,ab ; ab,bc; ca respectively where a,b,c are in A.P. then
2,2, 2 are in
a) A.P. b) H.P. c) G.P. d) none of these
n
5 n+1 5
49. Two sequences {tn} and {Sn} are defined by tn = log n – 1 , Sn log
3 ( ) [ ( )]
3
, then

a) {tn} is and A.P., {Sn} is a G.P b) {tn} and {Sn} are both G.P.
c) {tn} and {Sn} are both A.P.
d) {tn} is and G.P., {Tn} is neither A.P. are G.P.
50. 150 workers were engaged to finish a piece of work in a certain number of days 4 workers dropped the
second day, 4 more workers dropped the third day and so on. It takes eight more days to finish work
now. The number of days in which the work was completed as
a) 15 b)20 c) 25 d)30
k
1 n
51. If ∑
n =1
[ +
3 90 ]
=21 where [x] denotes the integral part of x,, then k is equal to
a) 84 b)80 c) 85 d) none of these
52. If a1,a2,a3 (0,> 0) are in G.P. with common ratio r, then the value of r which the inequality 9a1+5a3>
14a2 holds cannot lie in the interval
a) [1,] b) [1,9/5] c) [4/5,1] d) [5/9,1]
a4 1
53. Let {an} be a G.P. such that = and a2+a5 =216 then a1 is equal to
a6 4
108 54
a) 12 or b)10 c) 7 or d) none
7 7
54. The coefficient of xn–2, in the polynomial (x-1) (x-2) (x-3) ………(x-n) is
n ( n2 +2 ) (3 n+1) n ( n2 – 1 ) (3 n+2) n ( n2 +1 ) (3 n+ 4)
a) b) c) d) none
24 24 24
55. If the sides of a right angled triangle from an A.P. then the sides of the acute angles are
3 4 1
a) ,
5 5
b)√ 3 ,
3
c)
(√ √23 −1). √( √23 +1)
d)
√3 , 1
2 2
56. Let a,b,c be three positive prime numbers. The progression in which √ a , √ b , √ c can be three terms not
necessarily consecutives is
a) A.P. b) G.P. c) H.P. d) none
57. The sum of series 1.n+2 . (n-1)+3.(n-2)+……..n
 n ( n+1 ) (n+2) n ( n+1 ) (n+2) n ( n+1 ) (2 n+1) n ( n+1 ) (2 n+1)
a) b) c) d)
6 3 6 3
58. If the sum of first n positive integers is 1/5 times, the sum of their squares, then n equal is
a) 5 b)6 c) 7 d) 8
3
1
59. If a,a2,a3,a4, are in H.P. then ∑ ar , qr+ 1 is a root of
a1 , a4 r=1
a) x2-2x+15 b) x2+2x+15=0 c) x2+2x-15=0 d) x2–2x-15=0
21 10
60. If ∑ ai=693, where a1, a2, ………….a21 are in A.P. then the value of ∑ a2 r+1 is
i=1 r=0
a) 361 b) 363 c) 365 d) 398
61. The 1025th term in the sequence a-1, b-1,c-1 are in A.P. then the product of roots of the equation x2–
kx+2b101 – a101 – c101 = 0, (kc-k) has
a) >0 b) <0 c) =0 d) undefined
62. If 21( x2+y2+z2) = (x+2y+4z)2, then x,y,z are in
a) A.P. b) G.P. c) H.P. d) not A.P/G.P/H.P.
63. Number of identical terms in the sequence 2,5,8,11…… up to 100 terms and 3,5,9,11,…… up to 100
terms are
a) 17 b)33 c)50 d) 147
1 1 1
64. If a,b,c are in A.P. then , , are in
√ b+ √ c √ c + √ a √ a+ √ b
a) A.P. b) G.P.
c) H.P. d) no definite sequence
65. The coefficient of x49 in the product (x-1) (x-3)….(x-99) is
a) -992 b)1 c) -2500 d) none of these
66. If a,b,c ar in A.P. and (a+2b-c) (2b+c-a) (c+a-b) = k abc, then K =
a) 4 b)2 c)1 d) none
67. If <an> is an A.P. and a1+a4+a7+……+a16 = 147 then a1+a6+a11+a16 is equal to
a) 96 b) 98 c) 100 d) none of these
68. The number 32sin2x-1 , 14.34-2sin2x form first three terms of an A.P. its fifth term 43 equal to
a) -25 b) -12 c) 40 d) 53
69. If x, [x+1], [x-1] are the three terms of A.P. its sum up to 20 terms is
a) 90 or 175 b) 180 or 350 c) 36 or 700 d) 720 or 1400
70. If in (a+c), in (c-a), in (a-2b+c) are in A.P. then
a) a,b,c are in A.P. b) a2,b2,c2 are in A.P. c) a,b,c are in G.P. d) a,b,c are in H.P.
71. If a,b,c are in A.P. and a2,b2,c2 are in H.P. then
a) a=b=c b) 2b = 3a+c c) b 2=√ ( ac /8 ) d) None of these
72. If f (x-y, x-y)= xy, then the arithmetic mean of f (x,y) and f (y,x) is
a) x b) y c) 0 d)1
73. If x,, (2x+2), (3x+3),………………. are in G.P., then the next term of this sequence is
a) 27 b) –27 c) 13.5 d) -13.5
74. If each term of a G.P. is positive and each term is the sum of its two succeeding terms, the common
ratio of the G.P. is

a) ( √ 5−1
2 )
b) ( √ 5+1
2 )
c) – ( √5+2 1 ) d)( 1−2√ 5 )
75. If n,
√ 10 n2, n3 are in G.P., then the value of n is
3
a)3 b)4 c) 2 d) non existent
76. If ax=by=cz and a,b,c are in G.P. then x,y,z are in
 a) A.P. b) G.P. c) H.P. d) none of these
77. Given ax=by = cz = d4 and a,b,c & d are in G.P. then x,y,z , 4 are in
a) A.P. b) G.P. c) H.P. d) none of these
78. If a,b,c are in A.P, b,c,d are in G.P. and c,d,e are in H.P. then a,c,e are in
a) No particular order b) A.P. b) G.P. d) H.P.
79. The first term of an infinite geometric progression is x and its sum is 5, then
a) 0  1  0 b) 0<x < 10 c) -10 < x<0 d)x>10
80. If p,q,r are in G.P. of tan–1p, tan–1q ,tan–1r are in A.P. then p,q,r are satisfies the relation
a) p=q=r b) pqr c) p+q=r d) none
81. The HM of two numbers is 4 and their A.M. and G.M. satisfy the relation 2A+G2=27 then the numbers
are
a) –3 and 1 b) 5 and -25 c) 5 and 4 d) 3 and 6
82. Let a1,a2, ………………..,a10 be in A.P. and h,h2………..,h10 be in H.P., If a1=h1= 2 and a10 =h10=3 and
a4h7 is
a) 2 b)3 c) 5 d)6
4 7 7
83. The sum of infinite terms of the following series in 1+ + + +……….. will be
5 52 5 3
3 35 35 35
a) b) c) d)
16 8 4 16
84. If a,b,c,d ar positive real numbers such that a+b+c+d=2, M = (a+b), (c+d) satisfies the relation
a) 0<M 1 b) 1 M 2 c) 2  M  3 d) 3 M  4
G1 G2
85. If A, A2 ; G,G2 & H,H2 AM's, GM's and HM's between two quantities, then the value of is
H1 H2
A 1+ A 2 A1 −A 2 A 1+ A 2 A1 – A2
a) b) c) d)
H 1+ H 2 H 1+ H 2 H1 – H2 H1 – H2
86. If the roots of the equation x3–12x2+39x–28=0 are in AP then their common difference will be
a)  1 b)2 c) 3 d)4
1 1 1
87. If x>1, y>1, z>1, are in G.P. then , + are in
1+ lnx 1+lny 1+ lnz
a) A.P b) H.P c) G.P d) none of these
88. If log2 , log (2n–1) and log (2n+3) are in A.P. then n equals
a) 5/2 b) log25 c) log3 5 d) 3/2
89. If sum of n terms of an AP is 3n2+5n and Tm = 164 then m equals
a) 26 b)27 c)28 d) none of these
90. If n = 55, then n is equal to
2

a) 385 b) 506 c) 1115 d) 3025

a) If pth term of an A.P. an A.P. is q and qth term = p then Tp+q =0, Tr = p+q-r
b) If PTp = qTq for an A.P. then Tp+q =0
c) If Sp= q for A.P. Sq = P then Sp+q = –C(p+q)
d) If Sp = Sq for an A.P. then Sp+q= 0
1
Pn−q
e) If for a G.P. Tp = p; Tq = Q then Tn =
[ ]
Qn− p
(p −q )

m
q
f) If for a G.P. Tm+n = P ; Tm-n=q then Tm = √ pq Tn = ( )
p
2n
g) If a,b,c are the pth, qth rth terms of a G.P. then aq-r. br-p . cp-q=1
a
h) Tn of a+aa+aaa+……..= ( 10 n−1 ) for a = 1,2,3,…….9
9
Tn of 0.b+0.bb+0.bbb+………………….
i) If A and G be the A.M. and G.M. between two numbers a,b, then a,b are given by
A ± √( A+G )( A−G)
mn mn
j) If the mth term of H.P. = n and nth term = m, then Tm+n = , T =1 ,T p=
m+ n mn p
k) In a H.P. Tp = qr, Tq = Pr, then Tr = pq
(H-2a) (H-2b) = H2
1 1 1 1
+ = +
H−a H−b a b

H +a H +b
+ =2
H−a H−b
l) No term of H.P. can be zero and there is no formula to find Sn for H.P.
m) If A, A2 be two A.Ms G, G2 be two G.Ms and H, H2 two H.Ms between two numbers a and b then
G 1 G 2 A 1+ A 2
=
H1 H2 H1 +H2
A , when n=0
n) If A,G, H be A.M.,G.M. H.M. between a & b, then

1 1 1
an +1+ bn+1
a n + bn {
= G , whenn=−1/2
H , when n=−1
o) a2, b2, c2 are in A.P. , , are A.P.
b+c c +a a+ b
p) 1+3+5………………… up to n terms = n2
n ( n+1 ) (n+2)
q) 2+6+12+20+…………. up to n terms =
3
1 1 1
r) If a1, a2, ……………….an are the non zero terms of a non constant A.P. then + +
a1 a2 a2 a3 a3 a4
1 n−1
+ ……………. =
an−1 an a1 a n
n ( n2 +2 )
s) 1+3+7+13………………. up to n terms =
3
n ( n+1 )2 ( n+ 2 )
t) 1+5+14+30+….. up to n terms
12
 Probability
Independent Events: Two events are paid to be independent if the occurrence of one not depends upon
the other if a set of events E,E 2………….. En for independent events P (F, E = E3………….. En)
= P+ (E1) ……… P (En)
Mutual Exclusive Events: A set of events is said to be mutually exclusive if occurrence of one of them
precludes the occurrence of any of the remaining events
If a set of events E, E2 ………….. En
For mutually exclusive events. Here P (E,E2…….En) =  then P ( E, E2 ……En) = P ( E1 )+ P ( E2 )+
P ( E3 )+……+P(En)
E1 P(E , ∩ E2 )
P ( )
E2
=
P|E 2¿
E2  

Note :
E2
 If E1 and E2 are independent events, then P ( )
E1
=P ( E 2 )

 If E1, E2, E2…………….., En are independent events, then

P (E, E2E3……….En)=1- P ( É1 ) P ( É2 )……. P ( Én )

E1 É
 E1 and E2 are two events such that E2  0 then P
( ) ( )
E2
+ P 1 =1
E2
E2 E
 If E1 and E2 are two events such that E2  , then P (E2) = P ( E1 ) . P ( )
E1 ( )
+ P ( É 1 ) . 2
É 1
E2 E3
 If E1, E2 and E3 are three events such that E1 , E1, E2   then P (E1E2E3) = P (E1). P ( )( )
E1
.P
E1 E2
Questions
1. If P (A, A2) = 1– P(A1C) , P(A2C) where c stands for complement, then the events A and A2 are
a) mutually exclusive b) independent are
c) equally likely d) none of these
2. Two coins are tossed let ABC the event that the first coin shows head and 3 bc the event that the second
shows head tail. Two events A and B are
a) mutually exclusive b) independent are
c) independent & mutually exclusive d) dependent
3. Two fair dice are tossed let A be the event that the first die, shows an even numbers & B be the event
that the second die shows and odd number. The two events A & B are
a) mutually exclusive b) independent & mutually exclusive
c) independent are d)none of these
4. A & B toss a coin alternatively the first to show a head being the winner. If a stairs the game the chance
of his winning is
5 1 1 2
a) b) c) d)
8 2 3 3
5. If two balanced dice are tossed once the probability of the event, that the sum the integer coming on
9
the upper sides of the two dice is is
5
 7 5 1 1
a) b) c) d)
18 36 9 6
6. Two cords are drawn one by one at random from a pack of 52 pack cards. The probability that both of
them are king is
2 1 1 30
a) b) c) d)
13 169 221 221
7. A coin is tossed twice. The probability of getting head both the times is
1 1 3
a) b) c) d) 1
2 4 4
8. The probability of a sure events is
1
a) 0 b)1 c) 2 d)
2
9. A cord is drawn from a well shuffled pack of cards. The probability of getting a queen of club or king
heart is
1 1 1
a) b) c) d) none
52 26 18
10. The probability that an ordinary or non leap year has 53 Sunday is
2 1 3
a) b) c) d) none
7 7 7
11. Two dice are thrown together. The probability that sum of two numbers will be multiple of 4 is
1 2 1 1
a) b) c) d)
9 3 4 6
12. The probability of getting a number greater than 2 in throwing a die is
1 2 1 1
a) b) c) d)
3 3 2 6
13. A man and a woman appear in a interview for two vacancies in the same post. The probability of man's
1 1
selections and that of the women's selections is probability that none of them will be selected?
4 3
1 1 1
a) b) c) d) none of these
2 12 4
14. The probability that an event will fail to happen is 0.05. The probability that the event will take place
on 4 consecutive occasions is
a) 0.00000625 b) 0.18543125 c) 0.00001875 d) 081450625
15. From the word " POSSESSIVE" a letter is chosen at random. The probability of it to be S is
3 4 3 4
a) b) c) d)
10 10 6 6
16. In a throw of three dice, the probability that a least on dice shows up 1 is
5 91 1 125
a) b) c) d)
6 216 36 216
5 3 91
 1–p ( no die shows up 1) =1− ()
6
=
216
17. A bag contains 5 white, 7 red and 8 black balls. If four balls are drawn are one by one without
replacement. What is the probability that all are white?
 1 1 5
a) b) c) d) none of these
69 380 20
18. A bag contains 3 white, 3 black & 2 red balls one by one three balls are drawn without replacing them.
The probability that the third ball is red is:
1 1 2 1
a) b) c) d)
2 3 3 4
19. A bag contains 3 white, 2 red balls. A ball is drawn & another ball is drawn without replacing first ball.
Then the probability second ball to be red is:
8 2 3 21
a) b) c) d)
25 5 5 25
20. In order to get at least once a head with probability  0.09. The number of times a coin needs to be
tossed is
a) 3 b)4 c) 5 d)none of these
21. The chances of throwing a total of 3 or 5 or 11 with two dice is
5 1 2 19
a) b) c) d)
36 9 9 36
22. An unbiased die is tossed until a number greater than 4 appears. The probability that an even number of
toss is needed
1 2 1 4
a) b) c) d)
2 5 5 5
3 8
23. If A & B are two independent events S.t. P (AB') = P (A'B) = , then P(A) =
25 25
1 3 2 4
a) b) c) d)
5 8 5 5
3
 P (AB') = P(A) ×P (B') = P(A) [1–P(B)]= …………(1)
25
8
P (A'B) = P(B) ×(A) [1–P(A)] ………………………(2)
25
1
 P (A) =
5
Note: P (A' B') = [1-P (AB) = 1-[P(A)+P(B)–P (AB)]
1 15
1. A coin tossed 4 times. The probability that at least one heat turns up is 1-(No head) = 1− =
16 16
2. A pair of a dice is thrown, if 5 appears on at least one of the dice, then the probability that the sum is 10
greater is
3. Word UNIVERSITY is arranges randomly. Then the probability that both I does not together is total
10!
ways = & favorable ways for I come together is 9!. Thus probability that I come together
2
9 ! 2! 1
=
10 ! 5
1 4
Son Ans 1− =
5 5
4. Independent Events : P (E1 E2) = P (E1) . P (E2)
Mutually Exclusive events: P ( EE2) = P
 P (E,E2) = P (E1) +P (E2)
5. In order to get at least once head with probability  0.9 the number of times a coin needs to be tossed is
4
The probability of getting at least one head in n tossese
1 n
= 1–() 2
≥0.9
n
1
 ( )  0.1
2
 2n  10
 n  4  least of value of n = 4
6. A fair coin is tossed repeatedly. If tail appears on first four tosses, then the probability of head
appearing on fifth toss equals
 Appearance of head on 5th toss does not depend on the outcomes 1st four tosses. Hence P (head of 5th
toss ) = ½
7. The probability of quessing correct at least 8 out of 10 anwers on a true-false examination is c (10,8)
8 2
1 1
( )( )
2 2
7 7 45 175
a) b) c) d)
64 128 1024 1024
8. The probability that the 13th days of randomly chosen month is a second Saturday is
1 1 1 19
a) b) c) d)
7 12 84 84
1 1 1
× =
12 7 84
9. What is the probability of geeing two heads twice in 4 tosses two coins?
1 1 1 3
 P= . = ,q= , n=4
2 2 4 4
27
 Probability of getting two heads twice is p (r-2) = c (4,2) p 2 q4-2 =
128
10. If 20% of the electric bulbs manufactured by a company one defective find the probability that out of 4
2 3
1 4
bulbs chosen at random a)1 b) 0 c) at most 2 bulbs will be defective a) c ((4,1)
5( )( ) 5
c) P (r  2) = P (r = 0) +p ( r =1) +p (r =2)
* Multiplication law of conditional probability

P (AB) = P ( BA ) . P ( A )=P ( AB ) . P( B) [P (AB) = P(A)+P(B) –P(AB)]

A B
If P (A) = 0.24, P (B) 0.36, P (AB) = 0.5 then find P( ) . P ( )
B A
11. When 3 dice are thrown, the number of ways of getting a total r (sum of numbers on upper faces) is
 a) c (r-1,2) if 3  r  8 b) 25 if r = 9, 12
c) 27 if r = 10, 11 d) c (20–r,2) if 13 r  18
* when 2 dice ……….
a) r -1 if 2  r  7 b) 13-r if 8  r  12
12. A & B are two finite sets (Let n(A) = n & n(B) = m) and if a mapping is selected at random from the set
of all the mappings from A to B then the probability that the mapping is
p (m , n)
a) a one to one function
mn
p (m ,n)
b) a many to one is –1
mn
n!
c) a one to one onto is n
m
* If n objective are distributed among n persons, then the probability that at least one of them will not
nn−n!
get anything is
nn
13. The letters of the word ASSASSIN are written down at random in a row. The probability that two S
occur together is
1 1 1
a) b) c) d) none
35 14 15
4!

( 2! ) 1
=
5

8! 14
2!4 !
1 1 1
14. The probability of solving questions by three students are , , , respectively probability of
2 4 6
questions is being solved will be
33 35 31 37
a) b) c) d)
48 48 48 48

1- 1− ( 12 )( 1− 16 )= 3348
Logarithms
lnx = logex
log10e= 0.43429448
loge10= 0.30258509
 lnx = 2.303 log10x[ ∵ l n x=log 10 x . log e 10 ]
Properties :-
a x =e xln a

a lo g x =x , a>0 , a ≠ 1, x >0
a

1
log a k (x) = log a ( x ) , a>0 , a ≠ 1, x=0
k
 1
log a 2 k (x) = log|a|( x ) , a> 0 , k ≠ 0 , a ≠ 0 , x =0
2k
log a ( x)2k = 2 k log a|a|
Always logap  a =0, a  1 & p = 0

{0<x<x <y>y 0if if0<a>1a<1

log a x >log a y ⟺

log x >log y ⟺ { 0< y > 0if a>1

a a
x < y <0 if 0< a<1
x <a p if a>1
log a x > p ⟺ {
0< x <a p if 0<a<1
Characteristics  integral part
Mantissa  fractional (decimal part)
Log10564 = 2.75279
And log 100.00895 = –2.0481769
= (–2–1)+(1–0.0441769)
= –3+0.9518231
= 3́ 0.9518231
Note: If 0>N<1 the characteristics of log10N is negative and numerically it is on greater than the number of
zeros immediately after the decimal part in N.
Eg. log10 0.0000279 =5́ .4456042
But for N > 1, character = number of digits –1
Eg. log15  ch = 1
1. log2 log2 log4 256+2 log √ 2 2=?
2. If log72 = m then log 4928=?
89
3. ∑ log3 (tanr)= ?
r=1

2 −4 3 −4 5
4. log 0.01 1000+ log0.1 0.0001 = log 10 10 +log 10 10 = + =
−2 −1 2
−2 −1

5. If log 3 = 0.477, the number of digits in 340 is (19+1) = 20

6. If log2 = 0.301 & log 3= 0.477 then digits in 620 =?
7. The least integral value An s.t. 7n > 105 given log10343 = 2.5353
 n log 7 > 5
1 15
 n log 343>5 ⟹ n> =5.92  n = 6
3 log 343
8. If x >1, the least value of 2log100 x2 – logx 0.01 is
= 4 log 10 x−log x
2 10 −2

= 2log10 x +2logx 10
= 2 √ 2 log10 x+ 2 log x 10 = 4
9. The number of solution of log4 (x-1) = log2 (x-3) is 1
1
∵ log 2 ( x−1 ) =log 2 (x−3)
2
  log2(x-1) = log2(x-3)2
 x –1 = (x–3)2  x = 2,5
10. 2log 5−5 log 2 = ?
3 3

A.P
1. nth term : Tn = a+(n–1) d = L (las term)
nth term from last Tn' = L– (n–1)d
2. If an arithmetic means A1, A2, A3………..An are inserted between a & b

then Ar = a+ ( b−a
n+ 1 )
r ⊥≤ r ≤ n

GP
3. nth term : Tn = ar n–1 = l ( last term
Tn
Where r =
T n −1
L
nth term from last Tn = n−1
r
a ( r n−1 )
4. Sum of first n terms: Sn = if r >1
(r −1)
a(1−r n)
If Sn= , if r = 1, Sn = an if r = 1
(1−r )
b r /(n+1)
5. Gr = a
a () G0 = a, & Gn+1= b

Derivatives
1. The derivatives of f ( x )=| x−1|+|x−3|at x=2 is
a) –2 b) 0 c) 2 d) undefined
dy
2. If xm yn = (x+y) m+n then =¿
dx
2m m
a) ½ b)2 c) d)
n 2n
3. The differential equation satisfied by the function y= √ sinx+ √ sinx + √ sinx +………..

dy dy
a) ( 2 y−1 ) + −sinx=0 b)( 2 y−1 ) +cosx + =0
dx dx
dy dy
c)( 2 y−1 ) + −cosx=0 d)( 2 y−1 ) +cosx − =0
dx dx
4. The derivative of f (x) = |x|3 at x =0 is
a)0 b)1 c) –1 d) does not exist
d
5. The value of [ ( x−1 ) + ( x−5 ) ] at x = 3 is
dx
a) –2 b) 0 c) 2 d) 4
1. f(x) & g (x) are two differential functions on [0,2] sub that f '(x) – g'' (x) =0, f ' (1) 2, g'(1) =4, f (2)=3,
g(2)=9 then f(x) –g(x) at x = 3/2 is
a) 0 b)2 c) 10 d)–5

2. If f (x) = cosx cos2x cos4x cos8x cos16x then f' ( π4 ) = ?

1 √3
a) √ 2 b) c)1 d)
√2 2
3. If p (x) be a polynomial of degree 4 with p (2) = –1, p' (2) = 0, p'' (2) = 2, p'''(2) =–12 & p'''' (2) =24 the
p'' (1) =?
a) 22 b)24 c) 26 d)28
2 4
4. If y = (1+x) (1+x ) (1+x )………….( )