11

Basic Calculus
(Quarter 4-Module 2/Lesson 1/
Week 2)
ANTIDERIVATIVE OF A
FUNCTION USING
SUBSTITUTION RULE

Department of Education
SDO- City of San Fernando (LU)
Region 1
 11

Basic Calculus
(Quarter 4-Module 2/Lesson 1/
Week 2)

ANTIDERIVATIVE OF A
FUNCTION USING
SUBSTITUTION RULE
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

 compute the antiderivative of a function using substitution rule

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For the parents:

1. Please guide your child while he is studying and answering the tasks provided in
this module.
2. Remind your child about his study time and schedule so he can finish the module.
3. Let your child answer the module activities independently, however, assist him
only when necessary.
4. I will call on a certain time based on the schedule to explain the lessons in the
module.
5. Kindly return the whole module and answer sheets on _________ during Fridays at
____________________.
For the learners:
1. Read carefully the directions so that you will know what to do.
2. If there are directions or topics in the module that are difficult for you to
understand, feel free to ask from your parents or companions at home. However, if
you still could not understand, you can call me at this number, _____________so I
could explain it to you clearly.
3. Answer the activities in the module on the specific day for the subject. Use a
separate sheet of paper for your answers. Avoid writing or tearing the pages of this
module because this will be used by other pupils/students like you.
4. Write important concepts in your notebook regarding your lesson. This will help
you in your review later.
5. You need to finish the activities in this module so that you can give this to your
parents on ___________________________.
Always remember these health tips:

1. Remember to wear your face mask properly and regularly.

2. Always wash your hands with clean water and soap.
3. Cover your mouth and nose with handkerchief whenever you cough or sneeze.
4. Follow the one-meter distance so that you will prevent the spread of the virus.

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The module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies
Know you are expected to learn in the module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check what you

already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the
What I know answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current
lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you

in various ways; a story, a song, a poem, a problem
What’s New opener, an activity or a situation.

This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson.

This aims to help you discover and understand new
What is it concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent practice to

solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You
What’s More may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I have This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to

Learned be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson.

This section provides an activity which will help you

transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
What I can do situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of
mastery in achieving the learning competency.
Assessment
In this portion, another activity will be given to you to
enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.
Additional
Activities

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 What I Need to Know
This learning module is intended as the primary learning material for the Basic
Calculus course in senior high school. It contains the main definitions, theorems,
operations, formulas, and techniques for the course. The material includes numerous
worked-out examples to help you understand the different principles and gain
proficiency in the various problem-solving skills and techniques.
After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. compute the antiderivative of a function using substitution rule.

What I Know
Let us find out how much you already know about this module by answering
the questions below. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following integrals can be best evaluated using substitution?

A. C.
B. D.
2. Which of the following techniques is NOT used to evaluate integrals?
A. Integration by Optimization C. Integration by Parts
B. Integration by Partial Fractions D. Integration by Substitution
3. Which of the following techniques in Integration is the inverse of Chain
Rule in differentiation?
A. Integration by Optimization C. Integration by Parts
B. Integration by Partial Fractions D. Integration by Substitution
4. Which of the following rules on integrals of trigonometric function is NOT
TRUE?
A.
B.
C.
D.

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For item numbers 5-7, use the given integral below.

5. Which of the following can be substituted into variable to evaluate the

given integral using substitution?
A. B. C. D. none
6. What is the value of ?
A. B. C. D. none
7. What is the antiderivative of the given function?
A. C.
B. D.

8. Express in terms of , given that .

A. B. C. D.

9. Evaluate: .

A. C.

B. D.

10. Evaluate: .

A. C.

B. D.

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 Lesson
Antidifferentiation by
1 Substitution

What’s In
Antidifferentiation is more challenging than differentiation. To find the derivative of a
given function, there are well-established rules that are always applicable to differentiable
functions. For antidifferentiation, the antiderivatives given in the previous lesson may not
suffice to integrate a given function.
A prerequisite is knowledge of the basic antidifferentiation formulas. Some formulas
are easily derived, but most of them need to be memorized.
No hard and fast rules can be given as to which method applies in a given situation. In
college, several techniques such as integration by parts, partial fractions, trigonometric
substitution will be introduced. This lesson focuses on the most basic technique -
antidifferentiation by substitution- which is the inverse of the Chain Rule in differentiation.

What’s New
There are occasions when it is possible to perform a difficult piece of integration by
first making a substitution. This has the effect of changing the variable and the integrand. The
ability to carry out integration by substitution is a skill that develops with practice and
experience, but sometimes a sensible substitution may not lead to an integral that can be
evaluated. You must then be prepared to try out alternative substitutions.
Suppose you are given an integral of the form . We can
transform this into another form by changing the independent variable to using the

substitution . In this case, . Therefore,

This change of variable is one of the most important tools available to us. This
technique is called integration by substitution. It is often important to guess what will be

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the useful substitution. Usually, we make a substitution for a function whose derivative also
occurs in the integrand.

What is It
Integration by Substitution (also called “u-substitution” or “The Reverse Chain
Rule”) is a method to find an integral but only when it can be set up in a special way.

Steps:

a. Determine what expression will you use as .

b. Find .

c. Rewrite your integral in terms of u.

d. Integrate.
e. Write your answer in terms of your original variable.
Examples:
1. Evaluate .
a. Determine what expression will you use as .
Let
b.

c.

d. Integrate.

e. Write your answer in terms of your original variable.

An alternative way to find the antiderivative above is to expand the expression

in the integrand and antidifferentiate the resulting polynomial term by term.

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2. Evaluate .
Let .
Then, . So which is precisely the other factor in the integrand.

3. Evaluate .

Let , then . If , then we need to express in the

integrand in terms of or a constant multiple of .

From , it follows that and .

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4. Evaluate .

Let , then . This implies that .

5. Evaluate .

Let . Then and .

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6. Evaluate

Let , then which occurs in the integrand.

Recall: Theorems on integrals yielding Exponential and Logarithmic

Functions

a.

b. . Here, with .

c.

7. Evaluate .

Let . Then . Hence, .

8. Evaluate .

Let . Then . Thus, .

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9. Evaluate .

Let . Then . Thus, .

10. Evaluate .

Let . Then and .

11. Evaluate .
Let . Then .

Alternative solution:

Let . Then . So,

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12. Evaluate the integral
Let . Then .

Other Trigonometric Integrals

13. Evaluate .

Let . Then . So, .

14. Evaluate .

Let . Then, and so .

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 Integral of Inverse Circular Functions

If the constant 1 in these integrals is replaced by some other positive

number, one can use the following generalizations:
Let . Then

15. Evaluate

16. Evaluate .

Let . Then . So, .

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17. Evaluate .

Let . Then .

18. Evaluate .

Use completing
the square.

Let . Then .

19. Evaluate .

Let . Then .

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Let . Then . So, .

What’s More
Find the following indefinite integrals.

1. 10.

2. 11.

3. 12.

4. 13.

5.
14.

6.
15.

7.

8.

9.

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 What I have Learned
In this module, you have you learned a technique in finding the antiderivative of
functions. Integration by Substitution (also called “u-substitution” or “The Reverse Chain
Rule”) is a method to find an integral but only when it can be set up in a special way.

The following is a summary of the different rules in antidifferentiation.

TABLE OF INTEGRALS

1.

2.

3.
4.
5.

6.

7.

8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.

18.

19.

20.

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 What I can Do
Directions: Evaluate the following integrals:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Assessment
Directions. Write TRUE if the given value of the integral is correct. If it is incorrect,
write the correct general antiderivative on the space provided.

__________________________1.

__________________________2.

__________________________3.

__________________________4.

__________________________5.

__________________________6.

__________________________7.

__________________________8.

__________________________9.

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_________________________10.

_________________________11.

_________________________12.

_________________________13.

_________________________14.

_________________________15.

Additional Activity
Visit the videos below for additional discussion about Integration by Substitution:

1. Video Title: Integration Using U Substitution Method PART 1 in Filipino/

Calculus/ Paano?

Youtube Account: Numberbender

2. Video Title: Integration of Trigonometric Functions in TAGALOG!!

Youtube Account: ECMath

3. Video Title: Integration by Substitution- U Substitution @ Math Teacher Gon

Youtube Account: Math Teacher Gon

4. Video Title: Integration by Substitution (U-Substitution)- Part 2 @ Math

Teacher Gon
Youtube Account: Math Teacher Gon

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 References
Bibliography

Balmaceda, Jose Maria P., et.al. (2016). Teaching Guide for Senior High School: Basic
Calculus. Quezon City, Philippines: Department of Education- Bureau of Learning
Resources.
Canlapan, Raymond B. (2017). Basic Calculus. Makati City, Philippines: DIWA Learning
Systems, Inc.
Peterson, Thurman S. (1964). Calculus with Analytic Geometry. Quezon City, Philippines:
Ken Incorporated.

Links
 https://www.mathsisfun.com/calculus/integration-by-substitution.html
 https://www.wikihow.com/Integrate-by-Substitution

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Jeffrey N. Olbinado

Editors/Evaluators/Reviewers: Thea Zonette S. Medrano
Brenda A. Sabado
Lorena C. Salvador, Ed. D.
Illustrator: Jeffrey N. Olbinado
Layout Artist: Jeffrey N. Olbinado
Management Team: Dr. Rowena C. Banzon, CESO V, SDS
Dr. Jo Eulie Mei T. Domingo, OIC-ASDS
Dr. Agnes B. Cacap, Chief- CID
Dr. Jose Mari P. Almeida, Chief- SGOD
Genevieve B. Ugay, EPS- LRMS
Hazel B. Libatique, Librarian II
Aurelio C. Dayag, Jr. PDO II
Answer Key

What I Know What’s More

1. C
2. A 1.
3. D
4. D
5. B 2.
6. B
7. B 3.
8. B
9. D
4.
10. A
5.
6.

What I Can Do 7.

8.
1.
9.

10.
2.
11.
3.

4.
12.

5. 13.

14.

15.