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    MUFY Chemistry Unit 2 Electrical Calibration of A Calorimeter

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    ELLENA SANTOS
    The document describes the electrical calibration procedure for a calorimeter. Step 1 involves setting up a circuit and adding water to the calorimeter pot. Step 2-4 involve taking temperature readings over time both with and without current applied. Step 5 repeats the procedure. Step 6 graphs the results to determine the temperature rise. The calibration factor Cf is calculated based on the known electrical energy input equaling the measured heat energy absorbed, as determined from the temperature rise. This allows the calorimeter to then be used to determine enthalpy changes from chemical reactions.

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    MUFY Chemistry Unit 2 Electrical Calibration of A Calorimeter

    Uploaded by

    ELLENA SANTOS
    58 views2 pages
    The document describes the electrical calibration procedure for a calorimeter. Step 1 involves setting up a circuit and adding water to the calorimeter pot. Step 2-4 involve taking temperature readings over time both with and without current applied. Step 5 repeats the procedure. Step 6 graphs the results to determine the temperature rise. The calibration factor Cf is calculated based on the known electrical energy input equaling the measured heat energy absorbed, as determined from the temperature rise. This allows the calorimeter to then be used to determine enthalpy changes from chemical reactions.

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    The document describes the electrical calibration procedure for a calorimeter. Step 1 involves setting up a circuit and adding water to the calorimeter pot. Step 2-4 involve taking temperature readings over time both with and without current applied. Step 5 repeats the procedure. Step 6 graphs the results to determine the temperature rise. The calibration factor Cf is calculated based on the known electrical energy input equaling the measured heat energy absorbed, as determined from the temperature rise. This allows the calorimeter to then be used to determine enthalpy changes from chemical reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    58 views2 pages

    MUFY Chemistry Unit 2 Electrical Calibration of A Calorimeter

    Uploaded by

    ELLENA SANTOS
    The document describes the electrical calibration procedure for a calorimeter. Step 1 involves setting up a circuit and adding water to the calorimeter pot. Step 2-4 involve taking temperature readings over time both with and without current applied. Step 5 repeats the procedure. Step 6 graphs the results to determine the temperature rise. The calibration factor Cf is calculated based on the known electrical energy input equaling the measured heat energy absorbed, as determined from the temperature rise. This allows the calorimeter to then be used to determine enthalpy changes from chemical reactions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    MUFY Chemistry Unit 2 Electrical Calibration of a Calorimeter

    The electrical calibration of a calorimeter


    In the electrical calibration of a calorimeter, we add a known quantity of electrical energy by using the circuit and
    apparatus shown in Figure 1.

    The experimental procedure


    The procedure we generally use is as follows. Throughout the procedure, the water must be stirred at a steady rate.

    Step 1
    Set up the circuit shown in Figure 1 and add 100 mL water to the pot.
    Step 2
    Take the temperature of the water every 30 seconds until it reaches a steady reading.
    This means that the pot, water and so on have all come to the same temperature.
    Step 3
    Turn on the switch for exactly 2 minutes. Over this time, measure the potential difference, current and temperature
    every 30 seconds.
    Step 4
    Turn off the switch and continue to read the temperature every 30 seconds for the next 3 or 4 minutes.
    Step 5
    Repeat the procedure if time permits.
    Step 6
    Graph each set of results to determine the temperature rise.
    Figure 2 shows an example of a graph that can be obtained if the calorimeter is well insulated and the heating
    process is efficient.

    Page 1
    MUFY Chemistry Unit 2 Electrical Calibration of a Calorimeter

    Figure 3 shows an example of a graph that can be obtained if the calorimeter is not well insulated or the heating
    process is inefficient. Each graph is annotated to show how it is processed to determine ∆T.

    Calculating the calibration factor (Cf) using electrical


    calibration
    For the calculations, we assume that the electrical energy added to the calorimeter is completely converted to heat
    energy, which is then absorbed by all the components present (including the heating coil).

    The electrical energy delivered to the calorimeter is given by:

    E = VIt

    where E = electrical energy delivered (joules, J)


    V = mean potential difference across coil (volts, V)
    I = mean electrical current flowing in coil (amperes, A)
    t = time current is passed (seconds, s)

    The heat energy delivered to and absorbed by the calorimeter system is given by:

    Heat Energy = Cf X ∆ Tc

    where Heat Energy delivered to and absorbed by calorimeter is in Joule (J)


    Cf = calibration factor of the calorimeter (J °C–1)
    ∆Tc = temperature rise during electrical calibration of calorimeter(°C)

    Since we assume E = Heat Energy delivered to and absorbed by the calorimeter, we get:

    VIt = Cf X ∆Tc

    or

    VIt
    Cf = /∆Tc
    AFTER THE ELECTRICAL CALIBRATION IS COMPLETE, THE WIRING IS DISCONNECTED AND
    THE REACTION IS PERFORMED WITHIN THE CALORIMETER TO DETERMINE THE ∆H.

    Page 2

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