Lesson 1 Definition of The Curriculum

Lesson
Definition of the Curriculum

1
A. TRADITIONAL AND PROGRESSIVE POINTS OF CURRICULUM
This table gives you information about the difference in points of curriculum based on the
traditional and progressive perspective.
B. PRESCRIPTIVE AND DESCRIPTIVE DEFINITIONS OF CURRICULUM
Curriculum, however, can be defined as prescriptive, descriptive, or both. Prescriptive

[curriculum] definitions provide us with what “ought” to happen, and they more often than not
take the form of a plan, an intended program, or some kind of expert opinion about what needs to
take place in the course of study. (Ellis,2004, p. 4)
Moreover, to deepen your knowledge about the curriculum and its definition, please refer
to the matrix for the different perspectives, understanding, and definition of the scholars
regarding curriculum.
Author Definition
John Dewey A continuous reconstruction, moving from the child’s present
experience out into that represented by the organized bodies of truth
that we call studies . . . the various studies . . . are themselves
experience— they are that of the race. (pp. 11–12)
Franklin The entire range of experiences, both directed and undirected,
Bobbit concerned in unfolding the abilities of the individual. (p. 43)
Harold O. A succession of experiences and enterprises having a maximum
Rugg lifelikeness for the learner . . . giving the learner that development most
helpful in meeting and controlling life situations. (p. 8)
Hollis Composed of all the experiences children have under the guidance of
Caswell in teachers. . . . Thus, curriculum considered as a field of study represents
Caswell & no strictly limited body of content, but rather a process or procedure.
Campbell (pp. 66, 70)
Ralph Tyler All the learning experiences planned and directed by the school to
attain its educational goals. (p. 79)
Robert A sequence of content units arranged in such a way that the learning of
Gagne each unit may be accomplished as a single act, provided the
capabilities described by specified prior units (in the sequence) have
already been mastered by the learner. (p. 23)
James All planned learning outcomes for which the school is responsible.
Popham & Curriculum refers to the desired consequences of instruction. (p. 48)
Eva Baker
J. L. A written plan outlining what students will be taught (a course of
McBrien & study). Curriculum may refer to all the courses offered at a given
R. Brandt school, or all the courses offered at a school in a particular area of
study.
Meanwhile, descriptive curriculum is experience. The experienced curriculum provides
“glimpses” of the curriculum in action. The descriptive definitions of curriculum go beyond the
prescriptive terms as they force thought about the curriculum “not merely in terms of how things
ought to be but how things are in real classrooms” (Ellis, 2004, p. 5)
Author Definition
Hollis All the experiences children have under the guidance of teachers.
Caswell &
Doak
Campbell
Thomas Those learnings each child selects, accepts, and incorporates into
Hopkins himself to act with, on, and upon, in subsequent experiences.
W. B. Ragan All experiences of the child for which the school accepts responsibility.
Glen Hass The set of actual experiences and perceptions of the experiences that
each
individual learner has of his or her program of education.
Daniel The reconstruction of knowledge and experience that enables the learner
Tanner & to grow in exercising intelligent control of subsequent knowledge and
Laurel experience.
Tanner
D. F. Brown All student school experiences relating to the improvement of skills and
strategies in thinking critically and creatively, solving problems,
working
collaboratively with others, communicating well, writing more
effectively,
reading more analytically, and conducting research to solve problems
E. Silva An emphasis on what students can do with knowledge, rather than what
units
of knowledge they have, is the essence of 21st-century skills

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Definition of the Curriculum

A. TRADITIONAL AND PROGRESSIVE POINTS OF CURRICULUM

Curriculum, however, can be defined as prescriptive, descriptive, or both. Prescriptive

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