Republic of the Philippines

Surigao del Sur State University

Cagwait Campus
Poblacion, Cagwait Sur del Sur 8304
www.sdssu.edu.ph

MODULE ONE
Living in the IT Era Overview

A Course Pack in IT 1
Living in the IT Era

Betchie Clair E.Duero, MIT

Assistant Professor I
August 2021

Weeks 2-4

Name of Student:_________________________________________ Year & Section/Course:____________________________

I. Course Overview
This course pack is specifically produced for the course IT 1 (Living in the IT Era) intended
for the students of SDSSU Cagwait Campus enrolled in the Bachelor of Science in Industrial
Technology (BSIT) and Bachelor of Science in Hospitality Management program. This is the
first module for the prelim period. This course will equip the students with the necessary
skills in the field of Science, Culture, and Ethics of Information Technology its various uses
and application, as well as its influence on culture and society. It also aims to strike a
balance between conceptual instruction and socially- and culturally-oriented discussions as
it not only explains the basic concepts or key terms in IT but also features the major IT
trends along with the issues and challenges these developments bring.

II. General Instruction

This module begins with an Introduction that encapsulates the topics or lessons that
students of this course have to learn, understand and value. This Module is composed of
five parts of which the first part pertains to the Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs). The
next part is the course direction where students are directed to focus their respective
course works. The nitty-gritties of the course are also placed in the lecture and discussion
which is the third part of the module. Each student taking this course is also required to
answer all the assessment tasks (refer to tasks and completion time matrix below) to
measure whether the student have learned from the lessons. For the students to grasp all
the essentials of the topics covered in a particular lesson, links, urls, videos (in FD stick)
and other supplementary reading materials are provided in this module.

Tasks and Completion times for one week of a 18-week, 3-credit using module
Task Time
Reading and Understanding the Topics 2 Hours
Answering the Activities 1 Hour
Total 3 Hours

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III. Academic Integrity

Academic honesty is required of all students. Plagiarism--to take and pass off as one’s
own work, the work or ideas of another--is a form of academic dishonesty. Penalties may
be assigned for any form of academic dishonesty” (See Student Handbook/College
Manual). Sanctions for breaches in academic integrity may include receiving a grade of an
“Failed” on a test or assignment. In addition, the Director of Student Affairs may impose
further administrative sanctions.

IV. Introduction

Three major topics are included in this module. The first major topic Information and
Communication Technology, Components of Computer and Digital Age, Information Age
and Computer Age. This will orient the students to the concepts of ICT and IT. It also
examines the different parts of the computer system, and the categories of the computer
peripherals, and assess why computer are considered powerful thinking machines.

Lesson 1: What is Information and Communications Technology?

Intended Learning Outcomes

After the lesson, students are expected to:

❖ Define ICT
❖ Trace the evolution of technology, particularly computers
❖ Identify the different parts of the computer system, and categorize the different
computer peripherals
❖ Explain the role of technology in media and how it affects communication; and
❖ Recognize the current trends in information technology

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What is ICT??

The term ICT was defined in the study conducted by

Zuppo (2012) as “related to technologies that facilitate the
transfer of information and various types of electronically
mediated communication.” However, this definition was
considered too broad that he created an ICT Hierarchy (Fig.
1) to identify key aspects such as ICT in education, business,
and the economic sector. These classifications, however,
Source: https://rb.gy/zhmgif
contain some degree of commonality.

Availability

Economic Mobile
Access
Development Insfrastruture

Crisis/Disease
Management

Phones, Tablets,
Economic Sector Mobile Devices
Pagers, Others

Skills and
Competencies

ICT
Phones, Tablets,
Education Devices/Tools Pagers, Includes
Computers

PPedagogies

Networks

Architectures

Support Systems
Business/IT

Phones, Tablets,
Devices
Pagers, Others

Figure 1 shows the ICT Hierchy by Clrain Zuppo

The need for devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, and tablets, is identified in all
instances. This fact is perhaps due to the human need to “belong”.

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 Technology. Technology is presently includes advancements in communication and how
information is handled, thus enabling governments, organizations, industries, and ordinary
individuals to improve on their decision-making, business processes, and everyday living.

“Belongingness hypothesis” states that people have a basic psychological need to feel
closely connected to others, and that caring, affectionate bonds from close relationships are
a major part of human behavior. This need can be fulfilled through the different modes of
communication, be it face-to-face, online, through voice, or simply through a text message,
manifested in the number of people with mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets, and
the latest technologies such as “wearable devices” (Baumeister and Leary, 1995).

Nowadays, it is no longer surprising to find a person owning several of these gadgets,

which may not necessarily be for different purposes.

ICT is ubiquitous and access to it is relatively affordable and somewhat effortless. This
makes the demand much higher as different sectors, industries, and organizations now also
incorporate ICT in their daily business process.

ICT versus IT

ICT IT

IT or information and communications IT or information technology, pertains to the

technology, is often used in a more general industry that involves computers, software,
sense, and is described as using computers networking, and other IT infrastructure to help
and other digital technologies to assist relay or manage information important in
individuals or institutions in handling or using modern-day living as seen primarily in large
information companies or corporations.

A technology that supports activities involving IT is a subset of ICT as the technology used in
information such as gathering processing, the field of IT aids in the use of ICT
storing, and presenting data. Increasingly, this (Wang, 2016)
activity also involves collaboration and
communication.

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Breakdown of ICT

ICT is made up of three words namely:

“Information” “Communications” “Technology”

Information

• The knowledge obtained from reading, investigation, study, or research.

• Tools that transmit information are the telephone, television, and radio.

• Regarded as processed data.

• Needed to make decisions and to foresee the future.

Communication

• An act of transmitting messages.

• A process in which information is exchanged between individuals through verbal and

non-verbal means.

• Forms of communication have evolved through time and has become necessary.

• With technology, communication is faster, more convenient, and more efficient.

• Virtual communication is now common and easy (i.e. via zoom, google meet, skype, fb
messenger and etc.) with the use of smartphones and computers with internet access.

Technology

• Has evolved in ways that improve people’s daily activity.

• Has made communication much easier and faster through telephones, fax machines,
mobile devices, and the internet.

• Radios, televisions, satellites, and the www are powerful tools that can be used by
individuals to gather needed information to aid them in their office, school or house
work, or in simple day-to-day activities.

Evolution of Technology

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Computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory that can accept data, manipulate the data according to specified rules, produce
results, and store the results for future use.

Computers have evolved based on the type of components used in the design scientist
have identified five generations based on design, suitability, and reliability. These generations
of computer are briefly defined below (Pepito, 2002).

➢ First -generation Computer (1946-1959)

Electronic Numeric Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC) is considered to be the first-

generation computer. Developed in 1946, designed by J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly
from the University of Pennsylvania and financed by the United States Army. ENIAC is a
modular computer, composed of several panels capable of performing different functions.
However, it could store only limited or small amount of information and only do arithmetic
operations such as addition and subtraction of up to 10 digits.

➢ Second-generation Computer (1959-1965)

Transistor was used as the interior sections of the computer. Transistors were much
smaller, faster, and more dependable than the vacuum tubes of the first-generation
computer. They generated less heat and consumed less electricity but were still very costly.

➢ Third-generation Computer (1965-1971)

Integrated Circuit (IC) was developed in 1965, invented by Jack Kilby. IC has many
transistors, and capacitors that even the full circuit board of a transistor can be replaced
entirely with one chip. This chip made the computers, smaller, unfailing, and effective. In this
generation, remote processing, time sharing, and multiprogramming operating system were
used.

➢ Fourth-generation Computer (1971-1980)

Very Large-Scale Integrated Circuits (VLSI) was developed in 1971-1980. These circuits
have about 5, 000 transistors and other circuit elements with their connected circuits on a
single chip known as the microprocessor.

➢ Fifth- generation Computer (1980-onwards)

Ultra-large-scale Integration (ULSI)- technology with the manufacturer of

microprocessor ships having 10 million electronic components. This generation involves

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computer intelligence which is associated with artificial intelligence (AI), natural language,
and expert systems that interpret the means and practices of producing computers that think
like human beings.

Components of Computer / Computer Peripherals

What makes a computer work?

Computer has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data. It contains both hardware
components and software applications.

Hardware. Hardware pertains to the computer’s physical devices. It is any part of the
computer that can be seen and touched. A computer’s hardware consists of interrelated
electronic devices that are used to manipulate the computer’s operation, input devices, and
output devices.

Input Devices

• Keyboard • Touchpad
• Mouse • Microphone
• Trackball • Scanner

Output Devices

• Printer • Speaker
• Monitor

System Unit. System Unit is the enclosure composed of main elements of a computer that
are used to administer data, this can be referred to as a computer case or tower. The circuitry
of the system unit containing the primary components of a computer with connector into
which other circuit boards can be positioned is recognized as motherboard.

Storage Devices

Types of storage device:

Flash disk drive. Flask disk drive is a small portable storage device often referred to as pen
drives, thumb drives, or jump drives. It has a memory capacity of 2GB, 4GB, 8GB, 16GB, 32GB,
64GB, 128GB, 1TB, and now up to 2TB.

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 Hard disk drive. Hard disk drive is a non-volatile memory which permanently stores and
retrieves data.

Compact disc. Compact disc is a flat, round and portable metal disc. Ex: CD-ROM, DVD-
ROM.

General Classifications of Computers: Different Types of Computers

• Personal computer • Desktop computers

• Workstation • Laptop computers
• Minicomputer • Tablet computers
• Mainframe • Smartphones
• Supercomputer • Wearables
• Smart TVs

Why Computers are Powerful?

Computer is powerful because of its remarkable speed, reliability, consistency, accuracy,

and communication.

Media in the Digital Age

Media refers to the means of communication that uses

unique tools to interconnect among people. Media is
considered to be the message itself for those who create
and own the rights of content.

Forms of media include TV, radio, cellular phones, and

internet. Media can be considered as the message, the
medium, and the messenger. Source: https://rb.gy/ap3ol5

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Involving access and use of social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and
YouTube.

Source: https://rb.gy/8cizua

Media tools used especially by millennials to generate content.

Blog. Keeping a diary or a journal is a traditional method of recording one’s thoughts or

expressing one’s emotions through writing. With the advent of the internet, expressing one’s
feelings and thoughts was given a new concept through online writing or blogging.

Blog is a combination of two words- web and log. It works the same way as pen and
paper would but privacy becomes irrelevant given that a blog post can be seen by
anyone online. A person who writes blogs is called a blogger.

The Medium refers to the tool or tools used in sending a message from the source to the
destination. Ex: Twitter (users also shares other user’s content in the form of retweeting and
discuss any topic with one another).

The Messenger is the one who delivers the message. This is why broadcasters, for
example, being the messenger of news are called “media”.

Overview of the Current Trends

Trends. Trends refer to something hip or popular at a certain point in time. It can be a
particular style in fashion, devices, or entertainment.

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 Smartphones. Smartphone was coined as the cellular or mobile phone has now become
smarter- it can run apps which help people perform their day-to-day activities. Smartphones
comes installed with basic apps such as calls, sending text messages, playing music, and
managing schedules.

Identified seven major trends in 20017 by Forbes.com:

1. IoT and smart home technology- the so-called Internet of Things (IoT) has been trending
since 2016. The vision of IoT has evolved due to the convergence of multiple
technologies, including pervasive wireless communication, data analytics, machine
learning, and use of hardware technology such as sensors, microprocessors, and
microcontrollers.
2. Augmented reality and virtual reality- in 2016, the release of games such as Pokemon
Go and the anticipated VR headset, Oculus Rift, served as a turning point for AR and VR
technology.
3. Machine Learning- also called Artificial Intelligence, having machines decide for you
seems to be a daunting task and would probably make you think of robots and talking
computers, similar to Iron Man’s Jarvis.
4. Automation- this is very much evident through wearable devices such as step counters
and heart rate monitors used by health-conscious individuals. Information collected is
automatically saved and stored in mobile devices for analysis.
5. Big data- is term that describe large and complex volumes of data. But it is not how much
data an organization has it is what they do with it that matters.
6. Physical-digital integrations- they identify their physical elements and create digital data
for more efficient operation and back-up. The concept of having a “paperless company”
in which transactions, reports, and services are done using automated systems is one
such example.
7. Everything on demand- due to prevalence of network connectivity, it is possible to have
information on demand. Music, movies, and even drivers (e.g., Grab) are made available
through the apps in a smartphone.

Impact of ICT on Individuals, Organizations, and Society

ICT brings positive and negative effects to individuals, organizations, and society. It
improves education, access to information, and security. However, it limits personal
interaction and physical activity and poses problems in employment and security.

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Positive Effects: Negative Effects:

• Improved access to education • Reduced personal interaction and

• Access to information and communication physical activity
• Security • Job loss or increase in unemployment
• Threat to security

Ethical Issues in ICT

1. Plagiarism

2. Exploitation

3. Libel

a) Software Piracy

Supplemental Readings

1. Living in the Information Age. Retrieved from [https://billmoyers.com/content/vartan-

gregorian/ on August 18, 2020].

V. Assessment Tasks
In this assessment, you are to see the actual application of technology on the different
aspects of daily life, such as: music, sports, blog, film, entertainment and other medias.

Criteria:
• 20 points max- factual, complete, accurate, concise, comprehensive, and efficient
relay of ideas.
• 10 points max- effective manner or structure of explanation of knowledge or ideas
(grammar and convincing or persuasiveness factor).

I. Answer the following questions:

1. Enumerate the seven identified major trends of Forbes.com. Give a brief discussion in
each trend.

2. What is the example of input, and output devices? Give its importance.
 3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of media, blog and messenger? Define
each.

4. What is the Impact of ICT on Individuals, Organizations, and Society?

II. Individual Activity

Search online for media outlets that use two or more modes of communication with their
customers. Example are a new program on TV and radio broadcast over the AM frequency.

Do a comparative analysis of the types of outlets the communication network currently uses
in terms of the following:

1. Content
2. Audience reach
3. Your personal preference

III. Assignment

Given the specific electronic device below.

1. Mobile phone
2. Laptop speaker
3. Power bank
4. Flash drive
5. Headset or earphones

Pick/choose one of the electronic devices which is more comfortable/easy to you. Prepare
a written report about the electronic device you choose by answering the following
questions:

1. Is the device a part of a computer system? If yes, is a computer peripheral? If not, how is
this device classified?

2. Where do you usually see or use this device? Do you find it useful in your daily activities?
Why or why not?

13 | P a g e IT 1 Living in the IT Era

 PRELIM EXAMINATION

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the letter that correspond to your answer. 2 points each

1. It refers to a technology that supports activities involving information, such as gathering,

processing, storing, and presenting data.
a. Communication b. Information c. Information d. ICT
2. It refers to processed information that helps fulfill people daily tasks.
a. Communication b. Information c. Knowledge d. Technology
3. It is the technique of making an apparatus, a process, or a system operate automatically. It includes
a broad range of technologies connecting computer systems to other system.
a. automation b. Connection c. Network d. Server
4. it was considered as the first-generation computer that could store only limited or small amount
of information.
a. ARPANET b. EDVAC c. ENIAC d. VLSI
5. it is a type of an input device that lets you select options from on-screen menus.
a. Keyboard b. Mouse c. Trackball d. Scanner
6. It is referred to as the enclosure composed of the main elements of a computer used to administer
data.
a. Digital b. Personal Computer c. Storage Devices d. System Unit
7. It is like a personal computer but it has more powerful microprocessor and a higher-quality
monitor.
a. Mainframe b. Minicomputer c. Supercomputer d. Workstation
8. It is one of the ethical issues in ICT that occurs when a person copies another person’s ideas, words,
or writings, and pass them off as his or her own.
a. Exploitation b. Libel c. Piracy d. Plagiarism
9. This occurs when a person deals with another person dishonestly, unethically, and dishonorably,
in order to take advantage of the latter’s works and/or resources.
a. Exploitation b. Libel c. Piracy d. Plagiarism
10. It is the period in human history characterized by the shift from traditional industry that the
Industrial Revolution brought through industrialization, to an economy based on information
computerization.
a. Digital age b. Information age c. Internet of Things d. Technopreneurship

Test II-B. Concept Recall. Write the definition/function of the given terms below. (2 pts each)

1. Blog

2.Blogger

14 | P a g e IT 1 Living in the IT Era

3.ICT

4. Smartphones

5. Message

6.Messenger

7.Machine Learning

8. Big Data

9.Automation

10. Technology

Test III- Evaluation

Essay: Explain/ Discuss Briefly What is Software Piracy.? (10 pts)

15 | P a g e IT 1 Living in the IT Era

Note:

Write your answers on a long bond paper. It could also be printed. For handwritten outputs,
write it neatly, and avoid erasure. If students will choose to pass their outputs through drop boxes,
updates regarding the retrieval will be posted via Facebook Page of each departments else,
students can take a picture of their answers and send it in our google classroom. Just make sure
that the photos that you will send will be in good quality. Don’t forget to write your name and the
date. For further queries, feel free to directly contact your instructor.

Deadline: 1 month after the student received the module.

References

Offline
1. Tayuan,R. & Eleazar, M.(2019). Living in the information technology era. South Triangle,
Quezon City: C & E Publishing Inc.
2. Empowerment Technologies (2016). Innovative training works, Inc. First Edition. Rex Book
Store. ISBN- 978-971-23-7830-0
3. Pullum L. et al., (2015),Guidance for the Verification and Validation of Neural Networks
4. Wang, V.C. (2015). Digital age, information age. And computer age. Handbook of
Research on Learning Outcomes and Opportunities in the Digital Age, 2. doi:
10.4018/978-1-4666-9577-1.ch019.
5. Zuppo, C.M. (2012). Defining ICT in a boundaryless world: The development of a working
heirarchy. International Journal of Managing Information Technology, 4(3), 13-22,
Retreived from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9c00/ff69df8dc109faccdba154f2768d9319f14.p

Online

1. Information Technology: A new era? Retreived from

[https://rb.gy/qav6ae] on August 18, 2020.
2. We live in an Information Age: What Does that Actually Mean? Retreived from
[https://rb.gy/kedcn4] on August 18, 2020.
3. 27 Word Processing Skills all Students should know from
[https://blog.iacademy.com/computer-apps/27-word-processing-skills-students- know/
on August 18, 2020]

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INSTRUCTOR INFORMATION

Name : Betchie Clair E. Duero, MIT

E-mail Address : [email protected]
Contact Number : 0946-5012-698
Consultation Hours : Wednesday, 4:00-5:30 PM

Mode of Teaching/Learning Delivery:Online/Offline, Flexible, Blended

Tools/Platforms : Schoology LMS; Google Classroom, Discord

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