CREST Science 3 Workbook
CREST Science 3 Workbook
CREST Science 3 Workbook
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CONTENTS
Root
It fixes the plant firmly in the soil. It absorbs water and minerals from the soil and transports
them to other plant parts.
Plants have either taproot or fibrous root.
Taproot is the single main root that grows straight downwards and has many small roots
growing from it. Some examples of plants that have a taproot system include carrot,
mustard, radish, turnip, beetroot, parsley, coriander, etc.
Fibrous root comprises of a number of roots that grow from the lower end of the stem below
the ground. Some examples of plants that have a fibrous root system include grasses,
wheat, rice, corn, rosemary, coconut, etc.
Leaf
Thin, flat and green part that grows from the plant’s stem or branch is the leaf.
Green leaves prepare food using water, sunlight and carbon dioxide.
Leaf blade, midrib, side veins and petiole are the main parts of a leaf.
We eat the leaves some plants such as spinach, cabbage, lettuce etc.
Flower
Flowers are the most beautiful and colourful part of a plant. They grow on plants to attract
insects, bees, butterflies etc. They have a pleasant smell and their main function is to make
seeds.
We eat the flower of some plants such as flowers of banana plant, sunflower, jasmine etc.
Seed
Seeds are small hard structures produced by plants.
They are mostly enclosed inside the fruit. It gives rise to a new plant.
Some seeds are edible.
Seed coat, embryo, endosperm and cotyledons are main parts of a seed.
Some plants store food in their seeds such as rice, wheat, maize, peas etc.
Types of Plants
Plants grow almost everywhere in the world. Some are big while some are
small. There is a large variety of plants on our planet like trees, herbs, shrubs,
climbers, creepers and aquatic plants. The basic structure or parts of majority
of plants remain the same.
Food chains are models that illustrate how plants and animals in an ecosystem are linked by
their feeding relationships.
We see a variety of animals around us. We find a particular animal in a particular place only.
The place or surroundings where animal survives or lives is called its habitat. Animals live in
different habitats like grasslands, oceans, desert, polar region, river etc.
Animals resemble or differ from one another in the number of ways - their sizes, shapes and
colours, the types of outer coverings they have, the types of food they eat, the ways they
move, the ways they reproduce and the places they live in.
Animals can be classified on the basis of absence or presence of backbone into two
types- vertebrates and invertebrates.
There are millions of animal species in the world that are invertebrates and have no
bones instead they have exoskeleton. Examples of invertebrates are butterflies,
insects, spiders, octopus, snail, worm etc.
Vertebrates on the other hand have spinal cord or backbone present inside their
body. They do not have any exoskeleton.
Some animals have special body parts that help them to protect themselves from
enemies or from weather conditions.
Animals have the ability to adapt themselves according to the environment to protect
themselves from enemies like camouflaging and to protect from climatic conditions
by migrating to other places. Some animals undergo hibernation as well.
a. Root
b. Stem
c. Fruit
d. Leaf
a. I and II
b. II and V
c. III and IV
d. II, IV and V
3. Which of the following animals listed have the same eating habit to that of the animal
shown in the image below?
a. Crow
b. Giraffe
c. Goat
d. Rabbit
Types of Animals
a. Plant W
b. Plant X
c. Plant Y
d. Plant Z
a. 1 – c, 2 – b, 3 – a, 4 – e, 5 – d
b. 1 – c, 2 – b, 3 – e, 4 – d, 5 – a
c. 1 – a, 2 – b, 3 – c, 4 – d, 5 – e
d. 1 – b, 2 – d, 3 – a, 4 – c, 5 – e
Which of the following characteristic is common to all the above three animals?
a. They are covered with fur.
b. They have four legs.
c. They give birth to their young ones.
d. They feed on plants only.
15. Four children made the following statements about animal homes.
Whose statements about animal homes is true?
Ashok - Elephants take shelter under tall trees.
Manoj - Orangutans live in burrows.
Vinay - Raccoons like to make their homes on the ground.
Mohit - Bats and bears live in holes.
a. Vinay and Mohit
b. Ashok and Mohit
c. Manoj, Vinay and Ashok
d. Mohit, Vinay and Manoj
16. Complete the following food chain by filling the correct option:
a. Deer, Tiger
b. Cow, Lion
c. Snail, Snake
d. Deer, Snake
a.
b.
c.
d.
19. Search the name of a gnawing animal found in our home from the wonder box given
below:
a. Cat
b. Rat
c. Rabbit
d. Frog
Beaks of Birds
Strong, short and hard beak Strong, sharp and hooked Strong and chisel shaped
of sparrow, pigeon and beak of flesh-eating birds or beak of hoopoe and
peacock help to bite and birds of prey like eagle, woodpecker to make hole in
crack open nuts and seeds. vulture and hawk help them the tree trunk and pull out
to tear the flesh into small insects.
pieces.
Strong and curved beak of Long and pointed beak of Birds like ducks, swan and
parrot to crack seeds and hummingbird and sunbird goose have broad and flat
nuts. help them to suck nectar beaks with tiny holes on
from flowers. both the sides. These birds
take in muddy water
containing insects, worms
and small water plants.
Claws of Birds
Perching birds like crow, Climbing birds like Flesh-eating birds like
sparrow and parrot have woodpecker have two toes eagle, vulture and hawk
long and slender claws with pointing forwards and two have strong, sharp and
three toes in front and one backwards. It helps to climb hooked claws called talons
long toe at their back. Their up and hold on to the trees. to catch their prey.
toes help them to hold the
branch of a tree firmly or
perch.
Scratching birds like hen Wading birds like heron and Swimming birds have
and quail have strong, sharp crane have long slender webbed feet like duck and
and hard claws with three legs with spread out thin swan. The webbed feet act
toes in front and one at the and long toes. These like paddles and push water
back. They use claws to wading birds can walk on back to help the bird move
scratch and dig the ground the mud in the shallow water forward.
in search of seeds and of ponds to catch their prey
worms. such as crabs and fish.
The weaver bird weaves a beautiful and strong nest with twigs and grass.
The tailor bird uses its beak like a needle to sew two or three large leaves together
with plant fibres.
The woodpecker pecks into the tree trunk with its sharp beak to make a hole or a
cavity nest.
Partridge digs a hole in the ground amongst the plants and fills it with grass, dry
leaves etc.
The vulture makes its nest on the higher branches of trees. It uses sticks and twigs to
make its nest. The nest looks like a shallow cup.
A kingfisher simply burrows a hole on the bank of a river and uses this as its nest.
Birds like penguin live in cold places and it is difficult to find twigs and leaves in such
places, so it collects small stones and pebbles to make a nest on the ground.
Birds like ostriches, penguins, kiwis and emus cannot fly. They have adapted themselves to
their habitats with other ways of movement like swimming, driving, walking and running.
2. Given below is a wrong statement. Change the word that is quoted and choose the
correct option.
A ‘peacock’ makes its nest on tree trunks with its chisel-beak to make a big
hole in the tree trunk which acts as its nest.
a. A penguin makes its nest on tree trunks with its chisel-beak to make a big hole in
the tree trunk which acts as its nest.
b. A vulture makes its nest on tree trunks with its chisel-beak to make a big hole in
the tree trunk which acts as its nest.
c. A woodpecker makes its nest on tree trunks with its chisel-beak to make a big
hole in the tree trunk which acts as its nest.
d. A cuckoo makes its nest on tree trunks with its chisel-beak to make a big hole in
the tree trunk which acts as its nest.
3. Students have a pack of cards to organise into groups. Each card has a picture of a
different bird. The cards that belong to group 1 are shown below:
a.
b.
d.
5. Search the name of an omnivorous black bird that says ‘caw-caw’ from the wonder
box given below.
Y M W P J T I Q R
B O A C E L U O Z
a. Sparrow
b. Eagle
c. Pigeon
d. Crow
Birds
Group Y Group Z
Hawk Emu
a. X – Bat, Y – Cassowary
b. X – Goose, Y – Flamingo
c. X – Vulture, Y – Kiwi
d. X – Owl, Y – Penguin
8. Riya saw a bird walking and scratching the soil for worms and seeds. Which kind of
foot would the bird have?
a.
b.
c.
d.
a b c
I. Which of these bird’s beak is suitable for sucking nectar from flowers?
II. Which of these bird’s beak is suitable for biting and crack open nuts and
seeds?
III. Which of these bird’s beak is suitable for tearing flesh?
a. I – b, II – c, III – a
b. I – a, II – b, III – c
c. I – b, II – a, III – c
d. I – c, II – a, III – b
10. Consider the two statements and choose the correct option:
Statement I: Sarus crane is the world’s tallest flying bird.
Statement II: Pigeons are the longest living birds.
a. Statement I is correct and statement II is wrong
b. Statement I is wrong and statement II is correct
c. Both the statements are correct
d. Both the statements are wrong
11. Read the statements carefully and state which of them are true (T) or false (F):
I. Cassowary is a flightless bird.
II. A crow lays eggs in the nest of other birds.
III. Falcons are the birds of prey.
IV. A hummingbird is the smallest bird and it can fly backwards but it cannot
walk.
a. TTFF
b. FFFT
c. TFTT
d. FTFT
12. Henry listed four birds, namely parrot, sparrow, mynah and hawk, together in the
same group. But his friends argued that one bird is an odd one out in the group and
gave different reasons for this. Which of these friends argued correctly?
a. Norah – Hawk is a flesh-eating bird unlike others
b. Sarah – Mynah is a climbing bird unlike others
c. Emmy – Parrot is a perching bird unlike others
d. Sophie – Sparrow is a scratching bird unlike others
14. Complete the table given below about the bird’s beak:
Name of the bird Colour of the bird Type of beak
Parrot Green A
Hoopoe Black and White B
a. A – Curved, B – Chisel
b. A – Curved, B – Pointed
c. A – Pointed, B – Flat
d. A – Flat, B – Hooked
16. In the following four groups of birds, one member is the ODD one out. Select the
option in which the odd member is underlined INCORRECTLY:
a. Heron, Crane, Rooster
b. Duck, Swan, Hoopoe
c. Emu, Pigeon, Kiwi
d. Eagle, Vulture, Woodpecker
17. Which of the following pair of birds dig their nests using their beaks and feet?
a. Swallow and Kingfisher
b. Vulture and Ostrich
c. Cuckoo and Crow
d. Hens and Peacock
19. Select the correct option from below which on unscrambling gives the name of the
only bird that walks straight:
a. S C H O T I R
b. P O A S R W R
c. H M Y A N
d. N P E I G N U
Food
Just as petrol gives energy to the car, same way food provides energy to our body to carry
out various activities in our daily life
Functions of Food
1. Food helps us in growth and development and provides us energy to do work and
play.
2. Food helps in the repair and maintenance of different body parts.
3. Food helps us to stay fit and healthy.
4. Food also protects us from infectious diseases.
Food contains special substances called nutrients. Nutrients are useful substances present
in food that are essential for the growth and maintenance of our body. There are 7 essential
nutrients namely carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water and fibre.
Nutrients Functions Sources
Carbohydrates Foods rich in carbohydrates are called Bread, potatoes, rice,
Energy-giving foods as they provide us maize, sugar, honey,
energy to do various activities in our daily wheat etc.
life.
Fats Fats store energy. Fats protect the body Oils, butter, cheese,
against cold. They also protect the internal ghee, nuts and meat
organs of the body. Foods rich in fats are
also called energy giving foods.
Proteins Proteins are called the 'BUILDING Pulses, meat, fish,
BLOCKS' in the body since they build and eggs etc.
repair the damaged cells and help in body
maintenance. Foods rich in proteins are
called Body-building foods.
Vitamins Fruits and vegetables are called Protective Fruits and Vegetables
foods and they contain vitamins and
minerals.
They protect us against diseases and
keep us healthy and strong. They help us
to have a good vision, healthy gums and a
glowing skin.
Minerals Minerals are substances that help in the Fruits and vegetables
formation of blood, bone and teeth.
Water Water maintains the body temperature, Juices and water
dissolves the minerals and vitamins that from fruits and
transports them to different parts of the vegetables
body. Water also helps in digestion.
Classification of Foods
Sources of Food
Fruits, vegetables, pulses, cereals and nuts are obtained from plant and are eaten either raw
or cooked.
Balanced Diet
The human body needs various nutrients in certain specific amounts. A diet that contains all
the essential nutrients in an appropriate amount is called a balanced diet.
Food Pyramid
a.
b.
c.
d.
2. Look at the picture of the food item given below and identify the main nutrient present
in them:
a. Fats
b. Proteins
c. Carbohydrates
d. Fibre
6. Look at the picture given below and identify the preservative used to make raspberry
jam:
8. Read the given statement and select the option that correctly fills the blanks:
We get medicines from the ___(i)_____ of clove and chamomile whereas we get
chocolate from the ___(ii)______ of a cacao tree.
a. i – seeds, ii – leaves
b. i – stems, ii – fruits
c. i – flowers, ii – seeds
d. i – leaves, ii – roots
9. Which of the following kind of food give us strength to fight against disease?
I. Carbohydrates rich food
II. Fat rich food
III. Protein rich food
IV. Vitamins and minerals rich food
a. Only IV
b. Only II
c. II and III
d. II, III and IV
10. Study the given flowchart and select the option which can correctly be identified as D,
E and F:
12. Which of the following product do you get from the animal whose name is obtained
on unscrambling the given letters?
LFBAFUO
a.
b.
c.
d.
G M S P W I R Q H
I O A C B L U N L
a. Canning
b. Pickling
c. Boiling
d. Drying
a. Group I are protein rich foods and group II are fibre rich foods
b. Group I are rich in water content and group II are fatty foods
c. Group I are carbohydrate rich foods and group II are protein rich foods
d. Group I are fibre rich foods and group II are vitamin rich foods
18. In the following options, four groups of plant parts used as food are given. Select the
option in which the odd member is underlined INCORRECTLY:
a. Carrot, Sugarcane, Turmeric, Asparagus
b. Lettuce, Mint, Spinach, Potato
c. Cauliflower, Mango, Papaya, Banana
d. Turnip, Carrot, Broccoli, Beetroot
19. Two classmates were having a class discussion about food preservation. This is
what they said:
Student I: Jellies are preserved by salt and oil.
Student II: People in coastal areas dry potatoes with salt in the sun.
Student III: Seafood and peas are preserved by refrigeration.
Which of the student spoke correctly?
a. All three students
b. Student I only
c. Student II only
d. Student III only
Housing
A home is a place where we stay with our family. Our house protects us from heat,
cold, storm and rain. It keeps us and our belongings safe from wild animals and
thieves. Earlier people used to live in caves on mountain tops. A house may be big or
small. Houses are built according to the climate of the place where we live.
Special features of a good or ideal house include the following:
1. Proper ventilation
2. Ample amount of sunlight
3. Proper garbage disposal facilities
4. Sufficient water supply
5. Sanitation and drainage facilities
Types of Houses
Tent: People that keep moving from place to place live in tents made of canvas or cloth.
This type of house is temporary and movable. Mostly used for camping outdoors and also
used by soldiers.
Igloo: In very cold places peoples make dome shaped houses made of ice blocks called
igloos.
Stilt House: They are built on stilts and have sloped roofs to keep the house dry from
constant rains. These houses are made up of different materials like cement, wood, stone or
bamboo.
In mountainous regions people build houses with sloping roofs so that the rain water and
snow can slide down easily.
We wear clothes to protect ourselves from heat, rain, cold and insect bites. It also
makes us look smart and beautiful.
The diversity across cultures and regions is the reason why people wear different
types of clothes.
We wear different types of clothes at different times of the year. Light cotton clothes
keep us cool when it is hot. Woollen clothes keep us warm when it is cold. We wear
raincoats and gumboots to protect us from rain. They prevent us from getting wet.
Clothes are made from different fibres. A material which is available in the form of
thin and continuous strand is called a fibre.
Types of Fibres:
Natural Fibres: The fibres which are obtained from plants and animals are called natural
fibres. Examples are cotton, jute, and silk from silkworm and wool from sheep.
Cotton fibre is obtained from the seed of the cotton plant. Cotton grows in pods.
Sheep gives us wool. The thick hair that grows on the body of the sheep is collected then
cleaned and made into woollen threads. Wool is used to knit sweaters, caps, shawls etc.
We get silk from silkworms and they feed on mulberry leaves. They give out a long, sticky
thread from their mouth. The threads of cocoon are collected, processed and woven into silk.
Man-Made Fibres: The fibres that are synthesized in the laboratory are called man-made
fibres. Examples are nylon, acrylic, polyester etc.
Nylon Acrylic
2. Read the statement given below and correctly identify the type of house described:
‘Campers, soldiers, mountaineers and construction workers use this kind of house. It
is made up of canvas’.
a. A houseboat
b. A tent house
c. A caravan
d. A house with flat roof
a.
b.
c.
d.
6. State whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):
I. Stilt houses are made ten to eleven feet above the ground.
II. In places with heavy snow fall and rainfall, people build houses with flat roofs.
III. Igloo is also called snow house.
a. I – True, II – True, III – False
b. I – True, II – False, III – False
c. I – False, II – True, III – True
d. I – True, II – False, III –True
7. The house shown in the given figure is favourable for which of the following areas?
8. Arun was looking around for a new house. He lives in an area where there is heavy
rain and snow fall. He should look for a house that has:
a. Circular roof
b. Rectangular roof
c. Flat roof
d. Sloping roof
9. What is common between the two items shown in the image below?
11. Select the option which on unscrambling gives the name of the type of house in
which gypsies and nomads live as they move from one place to another:
a. T B A H S U O E O
b. A R C A V N A
c. K R S R S P Y P A E C
d. G L W U B O N A
12. Study the given table carefully and select the correct option regarding fibres M, N and
O:
Fibres Natural Fibre Keep body warm
M Yes Yes
N Yes No
O No No
13. Search the name of ‘a plant fibre obtained from flax’ from the wonder box given
below:
N J W P K T I Q R
B S A C E L U N Z
a. Jute
b. Linen
c. Cotton
d. Rayon
14. Look at the image of two building materials namely wood and bamboo as given
below.
Identify the type of house mainly made with such materials:
a. Stilt house
b. Igloo
c. Hut
d. Tent
17. Consider the two statements and choose the correct option:
Statement I: Clothes are made from natural as well as synthetic fibres.
Statement II: We should store silk and woollen clothes with mothballs or dried neem
leaves.
a. Statement I is correct and statement II is wrong
b. Statement I is wrong and statement II is correct
c. Both the statements are correct
d. Both the statements are wrong
18. Starting from first letter strike out every alternate letter to get the name of the house
that floats in water:
a. ZCDAFRHABVJAMN
b. GHKOLUFSRENBWOZAQT
c. PIAGNLMONO
d. KHJUYTF
19. Rani lives in a building where many other families live on different floors. Mayur lives
in a house which is occupied by only her family.
Select the correct option regarding this:
a. Rani lives in a bungalow
b. Mayur lives in a stilt house
c. Rani lives in an apartment
d. Mayur lives in a skyscraper
Transport
Transport helps us to move from one place to another. The movement or transfer of animals,
people or goods from one place to another is referred to as transport.
Means of Transport: The vehicles used to move goods and passengers from one place to
another are called means of transport.
Modes of Transport: Goods, people and animals can be transported by road, rail, water or
air. Different mediums used for transportation are known as the modes of transport.
Modes of transport can be broadly classified into three categories- Land transport, water
transport and air transport.
Land Transport: The movement of goods and passengers from one place to another on
land is called land transport. Land transport is of two types namely road transport and rail
transport.
The vehicles that carry passengers and goods by land such as cars, trucks, scooters, auto
rickshaws, buses and trains are called means of land transport.
We travel by train which move on tracks to long distances. Rail transport includes
passenger trains, good train, metro or subway trains and trams.
Rail transport carries a greater number of people or goods compared to road
transport. Nowadays trains run on electricity.
It is the fastest means of transport and also the expensive one as well.
Hot air balloon is used for pleasure rides.
Water Transport: The movement of goods and passengers from one place to another on
water is called water transport.
Boats, yacht, submarines, cargo ships, steamers, sailboats, cruise ships are some
means of water transport.
For transport of people or goods water-based vehicles are used.
Boats sail along big rivers whereas ships sail along seas and oceans carrying
passengers and goods from one place to another.
Water transport is usually slow as compared to road, rail or air transport.
Special Vehicles- Vehicles that are used for special purposes are termed as special
vehicles such as cable cars, hot air balloons, ambulance, police van, fire truck post van etc.
Types of Communication
Verbal Communication:
Here we use words to express our thoughts. Two main forms of verbal
communication are written and oral communication.
Written communication means communicating by writing which includes hand written
letters, documents, typed documents, email, text chats, textbooks etc.
In oral communication, we speak words either face to face or over the phone. This
includes speech, lecture or voice chats.
Non-Verbal Communication:
It does not involve any use of words. It is done through facial expressions, body
gestures, signs, drawings, graphic design, colour, pictures, paintings etc.
For example, waving hand, pointing a finger, smiling, making faces to express our
feelings and emotions.
Means of Communication:
Messages and invitation card are sent to people who live in far-off places. The means that
we use to send these messages or information are called the means of communication.
Sending messages by letters is not popular these days but was most commonly used
in olden days. The postal system delivers postcards, letters and parcels physically.
Stamps, postcards and inland letters etc. are available at the post office.
The fastest means of communication is telephone.
Written messages can be easily sent through fax machine, e-mails, postcards,
telegrams, contracts etc.
Mobile or cellular phones are wireless and used to send instant messages or SMS.
Companies often need to advertise their products to a large number of people at the
same time. Similarly, news about what is happening around the world has to reach a
large number of people at the same time. For this purpose, newspapers, radio,
television and magazines are used. These are also referred to as means of mass
communication.
Computer helps us to log into internet, check and send emails, pictures and
messages instantly from one computer to another.
a.
b.
c.
d.
3. People use various means of transport to travel from one place to another whether
short distance or far.
Which of the following cannot be used by people to travel from one place to another?
4. Your grandfather suddenly suffered a heart attack and your father needs to be
informed who is in office. Which of the following modes will you most preferably use
in order to communicate to your father at the earliest?
a. Telegram
b. Telephonic Call
c. Email
d. Letter
7. Two means of transport (I and II) are given below. Identify them and select the
correct option regarding them:
I II
a. I is an ambulance which runs on land.
b. II is a parachute which flies in air.
c. I is police jeep which runs on land.
d. II is a glider which dives in water.
a.
c.
d.
15. Modes of transport are of three types namely land, water and air respectively. Select
the option that includes one example from each type.
a. Cargo ship, Hot air balloon, Subway train
b. Fire truck, Submarine, Glider
c. Scooter, Parachute, Steam engine
d. Steamer, Tramcar, Bike
16. Read the statements given below and correctly identify X and Y from the given
options:
X is an audio-visual means of mass communication.
Y is a means of written personal communication.
a. X – Television, Y – E-mail
b. X – Magazine, Y - Letter
c. X – Newspaper, Y – Telephone
d. X – Radio, Y – Magazine
17. Henry is a tourist from Australia. Which means of transport he must choose to reach
India and visit Taj Mahal?
a. Passenger train
b. Aeroplane
c. Bus
d. Car
19. Look at the images shown below and identify the means of land transport:
a. A, B and C
b. A, C and E
c. A, B, C and E
d. A, B, C and D
20. Consider the two statements and choose the correct option:
Statement I: A fax is used to send and receive copies of printed or written matter.
Statement II: Radio is an audio-visual means of communication.
a. Statement I is correct and statement II is wrong
b. Statement I is wrong and statement II is correct
c. Both the statements are correct
d. Both the statements are wrong
Our body is made up of different parts like hands, legs, eyes, ears etc. Each of these parts
can perform some special work. Parts of our body which performs a particular function are
called organs.
We can see some of our organs such as the eyes, ears, nose, skin and tongue. These are
called our external organs.
There are 206 bones in our body. These form the skeleton. Muscles are attached to the
bones and they help in moving our body. There are more than 600 muscles in our body.
Several organs performing the same function are grouped together to form an organ system.
Eyes help us to Ears helps us Humans have The tongue Skin is the
see the world hear sounds. one nose with helps us taste largest sense
around us. The ear has two nostrils. food. organ in our
three parts, the We breathe in body and
inner, middle oxygen and covers the
and the outer give out carbon entire body.
ear. dioxide through
our nose.
Excretory System
The excretory system allows us to get rid of all the waste material from our body. There are
two kidneys in the human body that filters liquid waste from the blood in the form of urine.
The skin also removes excess water and salt in the form of sweat.
Circulatory System
The circulatory system is made up of the heart, blood and blood vessels. It helps to transport
blood from the heart to various parts of the body rich in oxygen and nutrients and throws out
carbon dioxide and other waste materials. Blood is pumped from the heart and collected in
the heart only.
Muscular system is made up of muscles which cover our entire body. Muscles are attached
to the bones which help them to move. Muscles are present over all the organs of our body.
Skeletal System
All the bones of our body, together make a skeleton. The skeleton gives shape and structure
to our body. Our skeleton has many joints at the places where two bones meet.
The skeletal system and muscular system are collectively responsible for movement.
Respiratory System
Digestive System
The digestive system is a group of organs working together to break down food into simpler
form which makes it easy for the body to digest, absorb and use.
Digestion of food is important so that we can easily obtain energy from the food we eat.
The digestive system is a group of organs consisting of the mouth, oesophagus or food pipe,
stomach, liver, pancreas, small and large intestine, rectum and anus which together perform
the functions of digestion.
Digestion starts in the mouth where the food is chewed and broken into smaller pieces with
the help of teeth. The food that remains undigested passes into the large intestine.
The end of the process of digestion happens in rectum where the waste matter remains for a
short period and finally solid waste is removed from the body through the anus.
Reproductive System
The organs of this system help to ensure survival of the species. The organs of the
reproductive system are different for both male and female.
2. Two students were having a classroom discussion about different body organ
systems.
Choose the correct option related to the statements made by these two students.
Ajit: We can feel cold, heat, pain etc. due to our nervous system.
Amit: Stomach and heart are organs of the circulatory system.
a. Ajit is incorrect but Amit is correct
b. Ajit is correct but Amit is incorrect
c. Both Ajit and Amit are incorrect
d. Both Ajit and Amit are correct
3. Rohan lifted a heavy box from the ground and kept it on the terrace.
Spot the two organ systems that helped him to do this.
4. Which one of the following does not correctly show the parts of the given body
system?
a. Skeletal System – Skull, Ribcage, Backbone
b. Circulatory System – Lungs, Blood vessels, Blood
c. Digestive System – Mouth, Gullet, Small intestine, Large intestine
d. Respiratory System – Nose, Windpipe, Lungs
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
10. Search the name of the type of teeth that are present in front of each jaw and are
four in each jaw, from the wonder box given below.
N M S P J T I N I
B R A C E L U O S
a. Canines
b. Molars
c. Premolars
d. Incisors
11. Observe the picture shown below and answer the question that follows.
Human digestive system begins from the mouth.
What is the tube that connects your mouth to the stomach called?
a. Oesophagus
b. Trachea
c. Bronchi
d. Small intestine
12. To enjoy a sweet candy, it must be placed in which part of the tongue?
15. Unscramble the given alphabets to get the name of a sense organ that will help you
differentiate between a rose and a sunflower:
a. A R E S
b. S Y E E
c. R I A B N
d. O G E T N U
16. Four of Mr. Roy’s students made a statement about human body parts.
Which of the four students made the correct statement?
a. Mahi – I often have asthma attacks and I think I have some problem with my
kidneys.
b. Harry – My friend blindfolded me while we both were playing and I could not tell
the difference between hot and cold coffee so I lost the game.
c. Aria – Our brain is called the master organ of our body as it helps us in breathing.
d. Tara – My nose is blocked due to cold so I am unable to detect the fragrance of
the perfume.
Body Parts
Group M Group N
Neck Heart
Elbow Brain
Knee Lungs
X Y
What can be placed at X and Y?
a. X - Legs, Y – Forehead
b. X - Hands, Y – Kidneys
c. X - Stomach, Y – Nose
d. X - Foot, Y – Lips
19. Choose the correct option and complete the following sentences:
I. The system which helps to removes waste materials from the body is
______________.
II. The function of hair inside our nose is _________________.
a. I - digestive system, II - to not to let too much air go inside
b. I - circulatory system, II - to make it look beautiful
c. I - excretory system, II - not to let dirt particles enter our lungs
d. I - respiratory system, II - to keep the lungs cold
20. Read the following statements and choose the correct option:
Statement I: We can feel cold, heat, pain etc. due to our nervous system.
Statement II: Brain protects our heart from injuries.
a. Statement I is correct but statement II is wrong
b. Statement I is wrong but statement II is correct
c. Both the statements are correct
d. Both the statements are wrong
Our Universe is an unimaginable vast expanse of dust, gas, galaxies, planets, stars, rocks,
clouds and all living creatures including us. Stars and galaxies are just a tiny part of the total
mass of the universe. Galaxies are huge star systems made up of stars and huge amounts
of gas and dust held together by gravitational attraction. Our solar system comprising of 8
planets and their moons, asteroids, comets, meteoroids orbiting the sun is the part of the
Milky Way Galaxy. There are millions of such planetary systems in our Milky Way and there
are millions of galaxies in the Universe. The planets in our solar system, their satellites and
stars and other heavenly bodies are our neighbours in our universe.
Planet Earth: It is the third planet in our solar system that receives sufficient amount of
sunlight for life to exist. The Earth is enveloped by a blanket of air known as the atmosphere.
The atmosphere consists of life sustaining gases like nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide
and three-fourth of its surface is covered with water. The earth is also known to have life
thus called the blue planet. The surface of the earth is made up of land and water. Earth’s
shape is called an oblate spheroid as it is bulged at the equator and flat at the poles.
Satellites – Smaller non-luminous heavenly bodies that revolve around the planets are
known as satellites. These satellites are also known as moons. The Moon is the natural
satellite of the planet Earth.
The sun lies in the center of the solar system. The solar system comprises of the Sun,
planets and their moons, dwarf planets, comets, meteors and some rocks and gases. The
solar system has an elliptical shape. The planets revolve around the sun in fixed path called
the orbits.
• The planets of the solar system can be classified as ‘inner planets’ and ‘outer
planets’. The planets that orbit close to the sun are called inner planets like Mercury,
Venus, Earth and Mars.
• The planets that orbit far away from the sun are called outer planets like Jupiter,
Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. The inner planets are small, composed of rocks and
have no or few moons. The outer planets huge, ringed and gaseous and have many
moons.
Venus: It is the second planet closest to the Sun. It is the brightest and the hottest
planet in our solar system. It is also referred to as the morning and evening star as it
is visible to the naked eye at dawn and dusk. It does not have any moon.
Earth: It is the third planet closest to the Sun also called BLUE planet and the only
Planet that sustains life due to the presence of air and water. It has one moon.
Mars: It is the fourth planet from the sun and also called the red planet due to the
presence of iron on its surface. It has very high mountains and deep canyons. It has
2 moons.
Jupiter: Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet in the solar
system. It has 79 moons.
Saturn: Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and second largest planet in the solar
system. Saturn has nine ice rings around it which are made up of gases and dust.
It has 82 moons.
Uranus: Uranus is the seventh planet from the sun and the third largest planet in the
solar system. It has 27 moons. It is called the sideways planet, since it orbits on its
side.
Neptune: It is the eighth and the farthest planet from the Sun. Like Uranus, Neptune
is icy, cold and windy. Neptune is blue in colour due to the presenceof methane. It
has 14 moons.
The time for one rotation is 24 hours or one day. Day and night are the result of this
rotational movement. The earth takes 24 hours to rotate aroundits axis.
The movement of the Earth around the sun in a particular path or orbit is called revolution.
The earth takes 365 ¼ days or 1 year to complete one revolution. This causes changes in
seasons.
The timing of the seasons is opposite for each hemisphere. This is because when the north
pole is tilted toward the sun, the northern hemisphere faces the sun at a greater angle than
the southern hemisphere. Therefore, the northern hemisphere gets warmer. This represents
the summer months for the northern hemisphere and winter for the southern hemisphere.
Man-made objects which revolve around the earth are called artificial satellites that help in
communication, weather forecast and navigation. For example, INSAT 1A.
Moon
The moon has no light of its own but reflects the light of the sun.
As it goes round the earth, various parts of it are illuminated by the sun. We can only see the
part that gets light. It seems to us that the moon changes its shape daily. This change of
shape of the moon is called phases of the moon.
Lunar Eclipse
When Earth passes directly between the sun and the moon, a lunar eclipse takes place.
a. I, II, III, IV
b. IV, I, II, III
c. II, III, IV, I
d. III, I, II, IV
2. Four children made the following statements about the eight planets.
Whose statements about planets is true?
Ashok – Mars has only two moons.
Manoj – Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system.
Vinay – The least dense planet in the Solar System is Saturn.
Mohit – At present, astronomers have confirmed the existence of 17 natural satellites
for Uranus.
a. Vinay and Mohit
b. Ashok and Manoj
c. Manoj, Vinay and Ashok
d. Mohit, Vinay and Manoj
3. Read the two statements given below and select the correct option.
Statement I: Mercury takes 88 days to orbit around the sun.
Statement II: Mars and Earth are the planets that fall in the group of outer planets.
a. Both statements I and II are correct
b. Both statements I and II are incorrect
c. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
d. Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
4. Read the clues given below and identify the planet correctly:
Clues 1: It is the second planet from the sun.
Clue 2: It is one of the inner planets.
Clue 3: It is also referred to as the morning and evening star.
a. Mars
b. Uranus
c. Saturn
d. Venus
8. Unscramble the letters in the given box to get a word and select the correct option
regarding it:
ANOITORT
a. It is the movement of the Earth around the Sun.
b. This movement of the Earth causes day and night.
c. Only this movement of Earth causes change in seasons.
d. It is the movement of Moon around the Earth.
a.
b.
c.
d.
12. The first day of the month is the New Moon day.
On 15th of the same month, which of the following figures represent the phase of the
moon?
a. 1
b. 2
c.
d. 4
a. Ursa Major
b. Orion
c. Cassiopeia
d. Cygnus
16. Fill in the blanks with suitable terms and select the correct option:
I. The imaginary line dividing the Earth into two halves is called ____________.
II. __________ planet has only two moons.
a. I – Equator, II – Mars
b. I – Half line, II – Venus
c. I – Orbit, II – Mercury
d. I – Axis, II – Pluto
19. Select the option from below which on unscrambling gives the name of the
constellation that represents a hunter.
a. J R M A U R S O A
b. N O I O R
c. U I S O P R C S
d. A B E R G R E T A
Evaporation
When a liquid is heated, the molecules become free.
The liquid changes into gas or vapour state. This phenomenon is called evaporation.
Water from rivers and ponds evaporates under hot sun.
Condensation
When a gas cools down and becomes a liquid due to a fall in temperature it is called
condensation.
We can see this when water droplets form outside a glass of ice-cold water.
Melting
When a solid turn into liquid on heating, it is called melting. Example melting of ice
cubes into water.
Materials
We see a variety of objects all around us like chair, books, cars, toys, utensils etc. and these
are all made up of different materials like glass, wood, plastic, steel, mud etc.
Different materials have different features, or properties, which make them suitable
for different uses.
Some materials such as glass, are transparent that allows light to pass through and
some others such as wood and metals are opaque through which light cannot pass
at all.
Some materials are translucent as some amount of light can pass through these
materials like tissue paper and butter paper.
Materials are grouped together on the basis of similarities and differences in their
properties. Things are grouped together for convenience and to study their
properties.
Some materials are hard or soft, dull or shiny, smooth or rough, waterproof or non-
waterproof, heavy or light.
Transparent Translucent Opaque
a. their appearance
b. their hardness
c. them being waterproof
d. the materials they are made of
7. Which of the following has fixed volume but not fixed shape?
a. Ice
b. Steam
d. Juice
8. Ritu is studying about a particular liquid. If she lowers the temperature of the liquid,
which of the following will most likely occur?
a. The liquid will boil.
b. The liquid will melt.
c. The liquid will freeze into ice.
d. The liquid will evaporate.
9. The given table shows the characteristics of two objects namely P and Q. Which of
the following sets of objects best fits the description given in the table?
Characteristics Object P Object Q
Bends easily Yes Yes
Gets stretched Yes No
Absorbs water No Yes
10. Select the option from below which on unscrambling gives the name of the type of
material that is hard, opaque and conducts electricty:
a. S T P A I L C
b. R I N O
c. R A P E P
d. B R U B R E
13. Read the following clues given below and correctly identify the substance:
Clue 1: It is a form of matter.
Clue 2: It is not visible.
Clue 3: It has a definite smell.
a. Flour
b. Perfume
c. Nail polish
d. Jelly
14. Study the given relationship. Correctly identify X from the options given below:
15. Which of the following objects is INCORRECTLY paired with the materials it is made
from?
a. Objects – Aquarium, Materials – Plastic and Glass
b. Objects – Hand bag, Materials – Jute and Leather
c. Objects – Toys, Materials – Wood and Rubber
d. Objects – Clock, Materials – Paper and Rubber
16. Four students were discussing about states of matter as stated below:
Kirti - Wet clothes dry in the sun and changes from liquid to gas on evaporation.
Meena – The state of matter that does not have shape or colour but may have smell
is gas.
Riya – When we heat or cool a matter, the movement of its particles does not get
affected.
Sashi – Liquids flow easily and take the shape of the container in which they are
poured.
17. Select which of the following process involves the change of state from a liquid to a
gas:
a. Drying of potholes in streets
b. Melting of chocolate
c. Formation of ice cubes in the freezer
d. Dissolving salt in lemonade
18. Complete the table by selecting the correct option from below:
a. Tree
b. Shampoo
c. Balloon
d. Remote
20. Unscramble the letters in the given box to get a word and select the correct option
regarding it:
TAO R E V N OAI P
a. It is the process by which salty water changes to salt crystals.
b. This process is responsible for the formation of ice cubes.
c. Droplets on a can of soda or a foggy windshield is the result of this process.
d. It is the process which is the second stage of water cycle.
When the light strikes a smooth surface, it bounces back and changes its direction.
The bouncing back of light on striking a smooth surface is known as reflection. The
phenomenon of reflection enables us to see things. All objects reflect some amount
of light falling on them.
White light coming from the Sun is made of 7 colors, like the colors in a rainbow.
Sun, stars and fire (non-living) and fire flies We are able to see non-luminous objects
and glow worms (living). because light is reflected form them into our
eyes.
We are able to see luminous objects
because their light enters our eyes directly.
Special cells in our eye 'capture' the light and send signals to the brain. This helps us
to see.
Not all materials allow light to pass through them.
Shadows due to sunlight is shortest at noon and longer in mornings and evenings.
Only opaque and translucent objects make shadows. Transparent objects do not cast
shadows since they allow light to pass through them.
The length and direction of the shadow’s changes with the position and direction of
the light source.
Sound
Sound refers to anything that can be heard.
Sound is a very important part of our life. Examples- Speaking, striking a note on the
guitar or dropping a stone in water, all produce sound. We are able to communicate
with each other mostly by sound.
Sound is produced with the help of two objects. They are produced when something
vibrates or shakes.
Anything that vibrates produces sound and when it stops vibrating the sound also
stops.
Sound needs a medium to travel and can travel through solids, liquids and gases and
hence we cannot hear sound in vacuum, since there are no air particles.
When the sound is loud unpleasant to the ears and causes disturbance, it is called
noise. It is produced by loud speakers, vehicles on the road, construction
activities and household appliances.
An echo is produced when sound reflects back or bounces back towards the source.
Force
A force is a push or a pull on an object, exerted by another object interacting with it.
• When you push, you move the thing away from yourself.
• When you pull, you bring the thing closer to yourself.
We use force to walk, to lift any object, to throw anything, to move any object from its place
etc.
Types of Force
Muscular Force Magnetic Force Frictional Force Gravitational Force
Force due to the Force exerted by a Force acting The force that pulls
action of muscles. magnet. opposite to the every object
direction of motion. downwards towards
the earth is called
gravitational force.
2. Read the sentences given below and choose the INCORRECT statement(s) related
to types of force.
I. A bicycle gradually comes to a halt when we stop pedalling and this happens
due to frictional force.
II. Car brakes can be applied because of friction.
III. Iron fillings can be picked up off the ground using a magnet.
IV. Friction acts in the same direction as that of the motion of the object.
a. Only I
b. Only IV
c. Both II and III
d. Both III and IV
3. Choose the correct option regarding the two statements written below:
Statement I: Sound needs a medium to travel through and it can be solid, liquid or
gas.
Statement II: An echo is produced when sound does not reflects back or bounces
back towards the source.
a. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.
b. Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.
c. Both the statements are incorrect
d. Both the statements are correct
4. Observe the pictures below and identify the effect of force from the given options:
6. Select the action which involves a force that is different from the other three.
a. Drilling a hole into a metal sheet.
b. A vase falls down on the floor.
c. Water flows downhill.
d. Leaves falling down on the ground.
8. Select the correct option from below which on unscrambling gives the name of the
type of force that helps to pick iron scraps from scrapyards.
a. S U L A M C U R
b. T G M A I C E N
c. V G R T O L A I T A N I A
d. C L F R I T N O I A
a. C
b. B
c. Rocks
d. F
11. Search the name of a transparent object from the wonder box given below:
X G S P J T I S M W
B O A C E L U O N D
a. Wax
b. Aluminium
c. Stone
d. Glass
13. Ravi took few objects as shown in the image given below. He took a torch and put it
on to see if light could pass through these objects. Identify the object from below that
caused a prominent shadow.
a. Glass tumbler
b. Single sheet paper
c. Tracing paper
d. Notebook
14. Three of Mrs. Sen's students made statements related to force and its effects.
Which student made a CORRECT statement?
Sam: Tyres and soles of shoes get damaged due to the force of friction.
Henry: It becomes difficult and hard to slide any heavy object across the floor due to
gravity.
Peter: When we throw a ball upwards, it comes down after covering some distance.
This happens due to a force exerted by magnetic field.
a. Henry
b. Peter
c. Sam
d. All the three students were correct
15. Look at the picture shown below and identify the effect of force acted upon it:
a. S
b. F
c. B
d.
17. Maria shone an emergency light and spoke on the loudspeaker at the same time,
while standing at 200 m distance from Kriti. Kriti will ______________.
a. first see the light then she will hear the sound
b. first hear the sound then she will see the light
c. fee the light and hear the sound at the same time
d. will not hear the sound or see the light at all
a. M
b.
c.
d. h
Air
Air is all around us and it contains gases (like carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen), smoke,
water vapour and dust. The blanket of air surrounding the Earth is called atmosphere which
protects us from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the Sun. We need oxygen for breathing. All
human beings and animals breathe in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide. Plants prepare
their own food by the process of photosynthesis wherein they give out oxygen and use
carbon dioxide from the air along with water and sunlight. Hence, plants are producers and
animals are consumers.
Condensation
Evaporation
Precipitation
Collection
Water Solution
• When we dissolve a substance in another substance, a solution is formed.
• The substance that dissolves in a solvent is called a solute.
• The substance in which the solute dissolves is called a solvent.
• A mixture of a solute and a solvent is called a solution.
• If we dissolve sugar in water, sugar is the solute and water is the solvent and the
sweet water formed is the solution.
• The objects that are heavier than water sinks in it. Examples are stone, coin, iron
nail, glass marble, key and spoon.
• The objects that are lighter than water floats on it. Examples are ice, wood, plastic,
piece of thermocol and oil.
Soil
• Soil is a natural resource made up of tiny particles of broken rock, mineral, clay and
humus etc.
• Plants are grown in the top layer of the soil. Soil contains nutrients, water, minerals,
humus, and air, which are essential for the growth of the plants.
• Soil is formed by the process of weathering of rocks. Breaking of rocks into smaller
particles takes place because of wind, rain and the heat of the sun.
Types of Soil
1. Sandy Soil - It is made up of small fine grains particles that makes it porous. It has
very less water holding capacity. Because particles of sandy soil are loosely packed
and can allow water to easily pass through it.
2. Clayey Soil - This soil consists of very fine particles which stick together. Since
particles in clayey soil are closely packed, they provide little aeration. Its water
holding capacity is very good. Clayey soil is very good for the growth of plants.
3. Loamy Soil - It contains a mixture of sand, clayey and humus altogether. Its water
holding capacity and air carrying capacity is satisfactory for the growth of plants, as
compare to the sandy and clayey soil. Maximum amount of humus is present in this
soil.
Pollution
Pollution is anything that makes the earth dirty and unhealthy. It is the introduction of
contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Land, water and
air are all affected by pollution.
Evaporation and precipitation process are taking place at which two stages?
a. S and X
b. P and F
c. K and H
d. E and J
5. Read the two statements given below and select the correct option:
Statement I: Left-over food at every household can be collected and used to make
compost.
Statement II: We should use same dustbins for recyclable and non-recyclable
wastes.
a. Both the statements I and II are correct
b. Both the statements I and II are incorrect
c. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
d. Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
7. Select the option which on unscrambling gives the name of the type of soil that has
very less water holding capacity as its particles are loosely packed:
a. A Y L M O
b. M U U S H
c. A S N Y D
d. Y L A C Y E
9. Read the two statements given below and select the correct option:
Statement I: Insects, rodents and plants present in our environment are its biotic
components.
Statement II: Soil, water and air present in our environment are its abiotic
components.
a. Both the statements I and II are correct
b. Both the statements I and II are incorrect
c. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
d. Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
10. Which of the following waste materials present in household garbage are
biodegradable?
12. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F):
I. Water takes the shape of the container in which it is poured.
II. Rainwater, oceans, rivers, lakes streams and ponds are natural sources of
water.
III. Our body fluids like blood, urine, tears and sweat are all made up of solids.
IV. Plants do not require water for their survival.
a. TTFF
b. FFTT
c. TFTF
d. FTFT
14. State which of the following statements are true or false related to photosynthesis
process.
I. Iodine solution is required for photosynthesis.
II. The leaves are called ‘food factories’ of the plant.
III. Veins present on the surface of leaves absorb carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere
a. I - True, II – True, III – False
b. I - False, II– True, III – False
c. I - True, II – False, III – True
d. I - False, II – False, III – True
15. Read the two statements given below and select the correct option:
Statement I – The objects that are heavier than water sinks in it like an iron nail.
Statement II – A plastic ball is lighter than water so it will float on it.
a. Both the statements I and II are correct
b. Both the statements I and II are incorrect
c. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
d. Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
16. Find out the name of the gas from the word box given below that supports burning
and is necessary for breathing:
N O B R A C
M E X Q V M
K S G H D T
L D I Y S N
U L W J X S
A R G O N O
a. Oxygen
b. Nitrogen
c. Argon
d. Carbon dioxide
Steam Water
18. ‘X’ has no definite shape but has a definite volume. It takes the shape of the
container in which it is poured in. ‘X’ is ___________.
a. carbon dioxide
b. water vapour
c. ice cubes
d. nail polish
19. Tara was asked to make salt solution for her science practical class. She added a
teaspoon of salt to a glass of water.
What should Tara do to make sure that salt gets dissolved faster in water?
a. She should break the glass in which salt solution is made.
b. She should cool the solution.
c. She should heat the solution.
d. She should add sugar in the solution.
20. Which of the following pair of objects will sink in a bucket full of water?
P: Apple
Q: Stone
R: Steel Spoon
S: Kerosene
a. P and S
b. P and Q
c. Q and R
d. R and S
Birds
1. a 2. c 3. b 4. c 5. d 6. a 7. c 8. c 9. d 10. a 11. c 12. a
13. b 14. a 15. b 16. a 17. a 18. b 19. d 20. a
Food
1. a 2. d 3. c 4. d 5. a 6. c 7. b 8. c 9. a 10. b 11. a 12. b
13. c 14. b 15. d 16. a 17. c 18. b 19. d 20. a
Human Body
1. d 2. b 3. c 4. b 5. a 6. a 7. d 8. c 9. b 10. d 11. a 12. a
13. b 14. a 15. b 16. d 17. b 18. c 19. c 20. a
Our Environment
1. c 2. d 3. d 4. a 5. c 6. c 7. c 8. d 9. a 10. b 11. a 12. a
13. d 14. b 15. a 16. a 17. c 18. d 19. c 20. c