Vidyamandir Classes

MORE PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. Why electrostatic field be normal to the surface at every point of a charged conductor?
2. What is electric charge?
3. Do like charges attract or repel each other?
4. Name the scientist who first assigned algebraic signs to the two charges.
5. What kind of charges are produced when an ebonite rod is rubbed with wool?
6. An ebonite rod held in hand can be charged by rubbing with flannel but a copper rod cannot be charged like this, why?
7. What does q1  q2  0 signify in electrostatics?

8. Name two basic properties of electric charge.

9. Can a body has charge 1.5 e , where e is the electronic charge?

10. A body has excess of electrons, what does it imply?

11. When a polythene piece is rubbed with wool, it acquires negative charge. Is there a transfer of mass from wool to polythene?
12. Consider three charged bodies A, B and C. if A and B repel each other and A attracts C, what is nature of the force between
B and C ?
13. What common name given to electron, proton and neutron?
14. A glass rod when rubbed with silk cloth acquires a charge 1.6 1013 C . What is the charge on the silk cloth?
15. What is the value of charge on an electron? Is a charge less than this value possible?
16. Find the number of electrons in 1 C of negative charge.
17. Electric charge is additive in nature Explain.
18. What is the basic cause of quantization of charge?
19. Electrostatic forces are much stronger than gravitational force. Give one example.
20. Quarks are the building blocks of nucleons and posses fractional electronic charge. Does this discovery violate the principle
of quantization of charge ?
21. Does Coulomb’s law of electric forces obey Newton’s third law of motion?
22. What is the importance of Coulomb’s law of electric force?
23. What is the importance of Coulomb’s law of electric force in vector form?

24. Which physical quantity has unit NC 1 ? Is it a vector or scalar quantity?

25. The test charge used to measure electric field at a point should be vanishingly small. Why?
26. A Point charge q is placed at the origin. How does the electric field due to the charge vary with the distance r from the
origin?
27. What is the direction of electric field at a point on the equatorial line of an electric dipole?
28. What do electric lines of force represent?
29. Why two electric line of force cannot intersect each other?
30. Does the coulomb force that one charge exerts on another charge changes if charges are brought nearby.
31. Force experienced by an electron in an electric field is F Newton. What will be the force experienced by a proton in the
same field? Take mass of proton 1836 times the mass of an electron.
32. Two point charges of 3  C each are 100 cm apart. At what point on the line joining the charges will the electric intensity
be zero?

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33. When does a charged circular loop behaves as a point charge ?

34. Why do the electric field lines not from closed loops?
35. An electrostatic field line cannot be discontinuous except at charge. Why ?
36. Define dipole moment of an electric dipole. Is it a scalar or a vector?
37. When is the torque on an electric dipole in a field maximum?
38. Which orientation of an electric dipole in uniform electric field would correspond to stable equilibrium?
39. A dipole of dipole moment P is present in a uniform electric field E. write the value of the angle between P and E for which
the torque, experienced by the dipole, is minimum.
40. What is the net force on a dipole in a uniform electric field?
41. What happens when an electric dipole is placed in a non-uniform electric field?
42. At what points dipole filed intensity is parallel to the line joining the charges?
43. What is the direction of electric dipole moment vector of an electric dipole?
44. Is it correct to write the unit of electric dipole moment as Mc?
45. What is the direction of electric field at a point on axial line of an electric dipole?
46. How does a torque affect a dipole in an electric field?
47. Write a relation between electric field at a point and its distance from a short dipole.
48. Does an electric dipole always experience a torque, when placed in a uniform electric field?
49. Which rule gives you the direction of torque?
50. What is the angle between the directions of electric field at any :
(i) Axial point and (ii) Equatorial point due to an electric dipole ?
51. An electric dipole of dipole moment 20 × 10–6C is enclosed by closed surface. What is the net electric flux coming out of
this surface?
52. What is the use of Gaussian surface?
53. Box encloses an electrical dipole consisting of charge 5 C and  5 C and of length 10 cm. what is the total electric flux
through the box?
54. What is the value of solid angle at a point inside a closed arbitrary surface due to the surfaces?
55. What is the difference between a sheet of charge and a plane conductor having charge?
56. If coulomb’s law involved 1/r3 dependence instead of 1/r2 would Gauss’s law be still true?
57. What do you mean by area vector of a surface ?
58. Does the strength of electric field due to an infinite long line charge depend upon the distance of the observation point from
the line charge ?
59. How does electric field at a points charge with distance r from an infinitely long charged wire ?
60. What is the solid angle subtended by a hemisphere at a point inside it ?
61. What is the importance of Gauss’s theorem ?
62. Does the strength of electric field due to an infinite plane sheet of charge depends upon the distance of the observation point
from the sheet of charge ?
63. Does the charge outside the Gaussian surface contribute to total electric flux ?
64. What is the number of electric lines of force that radiate outward from one coulomb of charge in vacuum ?

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65. If the radius of the Gaussian surface enclosing a charge is halved, how does the electric flux through the Gaussian surface
change ?
66. Figure shown three point charges +2q, –q, 3q. Two charges +2q and –q are enclosed within a
surface S. What is the electric flux due to this configuration through the surface S ?
67. Write an expression for the flux   , of the electric field E, through an area element S .

68. A charge (q) is placed at the centre of a cube of side (l). What is the electric flux passing through each face of the cube?
69. If the flux through surface S, in fig. (a) is  , then what is the flux through the surface S2 in fig. (b) ?

70. What is the net flux of the uniform electric field through a cube of side 20 cm oriented so that its faces are parallel to the
coordinate planes ?
71. Why is electrostatic potential is constant throughout the volume of a conductor and has the same value as on its surface ?
OR
Why is the potential inside a hollow spherical charged conductor is constant and has the same value as on its surface ?
72. Why there is no work done in moving a charge from one point to another on an equipotential surface ?
73. Name the physical quantity which has its unit joule coulomb 1 . Is it a scalar or vector ?
74. Do electrons tend to go to regions of high potential or low potential ?
75. Can electric potential at any point in space be zero while electric field not being zero?
76. A charge 5 C is placed at a point. What is the work required to carry 1C of charge once round it in a circle of 12 cm radius?
77. Two charges of magnitudes 2Q and  Q are located at points (a, 0) and (4a, 0) respectively. What is the electric flux due
to these charges through a sphere of radius 3a with its centre at the origin ?
78. What is the potential due to a point charge ?
79. Name the physical quantity whose dimensional formula is  ML2T 3 A1  .
 
80. Is electrostatic potential necessarily zero at a point, where electric field strength is zero? Illustrate your answer.
81. A hollow metal sphere of radius 5 cm is charged such that potential on its surface is 10 V. what is the potential at the centre
of the sphere?

82. A point charge Q is placed at point O as shown in the figure. Is the potential difference V A  VB positive negative or zero,
if Q is :
(i) Positive
(ii) Negative ?
83. What is the amount of work done in moving a 200  C charge between two points 5 cm apart on an equipotential surface ?

84. What will be the equipotential surfaces for a constant electric field along z-direction ?
85. Find the electric field between two plates 1 mm part connected to a battery of 10 V.

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86. For a uniform electric filed shown below, at what point will the electric potential be maximum ?

87. In a certain 0.5 cm 2 of space, electric potential is found to be 7V throughout. What is the electric field in this region ?

88. At the surface of earth, the electric field is about 100Vm 1 . Why do we not get an electric shock as we step out of our house
into the open ?
89. A small sphere of radius r1 and charge q1 is enclosed by a spherical shell of radius r2 and charge q2 .
Show that if q1 is positive, charge will necessarily flow form the sphere to the shell (when the two are
connected by a wire) no matter what the charge q2 on the shell is.

90. Equipotential surfaces are perpendicular to field lines. Why?

91. A 500  C charge is at the centre of a square of side 10 cm. find the work done in moving a charge of 10  C between two
diagonally opposite points on the square.
92. Define the dielectric constant of a medium. What is its unit?
93. The potential due to a dipole at any point on its axial line, is zero. True / False.
94. Define the term potential energy for charge q at a distance r in an external field.
95. A metallic sphere is placed in a uniform electric field as shown in the figure. Which path is followed by electric field lines
and why?

96. Two charges 2  C and  2  C are placed a points A and B, 5 cm apart. Depict an equipotential surface of the system.
97. Draw equipotential surface due to a single point charge.
98. What is the electric potential due to an electric dipole at an equatorial point?
99. What is the work done in moving a test charge q through a distance of 1 cm along the equatorial axis of an electric dipole ?
100. Ordinary rubber is an insulator. But the special rubber tyres of aircrafts are made slightly conducting. Why is this necessary?
101. Automobile ignition failure occurs in damp weather. Explain, why?
102. Can a charged body attract another uncharged body? Explain.
103. Distinguish between the conductors and the insulators. Give examples.
104. A and B have identical size and same mass. A becomes A and B becomes B  . Will A and B  Still have the same
mass? Why?
105. Can two balls having same kind of charge on them attract each other? Explain.
106. A positively charged glass rod attracts a suspended pith-ball. Does it imply that the pith-ball is negatively charged?
107. Can ever photons have a charge? If not, why?
108. Can ever the whole excess charge of a body be transferred to the other? If yes, how and if not, why?

109. A copper slab of mass 2 g contains 2  10 22 atoms. The charge on the nucleus of each atom is 29 e. What fraction of the
electrons must be removed from the sphere to give it a charge of 2  C ?

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110. Why does a charged glass rod attract a piece of paper?

111. In filling the gasoline tank of an aeroplane, the metal nozzle of hose from the gasoline truck is always carefully connected to
the metal of the aeroplane by a wire, before the nozzle is inserted in the tank. Explain, why?
112. Vehicles carrying inflammable materials usually have metallic ropes touching the ground during motion. Why?
113. A bird perches on a bare high power line and nothing happens to the bird. A man standing on the ground touches the same
line and gets a fatal shock. Why?

114. A polythene piece rubbed with wool is found to have a negative charge of 3  10 7 C .
(i) Estimate the number of electrons transferred from which to which?
(ii) Is there transfer of mass from wool to polythene?
115. When a glass rod is rubbed with a silk cloth, charges appear on both. A similar phenomenon is observed with many other
many other pairs of bodies. Explain how this observation is consistent with the law of conservation of charge?
116. Give atleast four properties of electric charge.
117. Why can one ignore quantization of electric charge, when dealing with macroscopic i.e., large scale charges?
118. Write the differences between mass and charge.
119. A conducting sphere of radius 10 cm has an unknown charge. If the electric field 20 cm from the centre of the sphere is
1.5 103 N / C and points radially inwards, what is the net charge on the sphere?

120. Sketch the electric field line of a uniformly charged hollow cylinder show in figure

.
121. Two charges   Q and  Q  and kept at   x2 0  and  x1 , 0  respectively in the x y – plane. Find the magnitude and
direction of the net electric field at the origin (0, 0).

122. A particle of mass 2  103 kg and charge 2  C enters into a uniform electric field of 5  105 NC 1 , moving with a velocity

of 10 ms 1 in a direction opposite to that of the field. Calculate the distance it would travel before coming to rest.

123. Two points charges Q and  4Q are separated by a distance of 6a. Find the point on the line joining the two charges were
the electric field is zero.
124. An electron and a proton are freely located in an electric field. Compare (i) electric force on them (ii) the acceleration on
them. Given, m p  1836 me .

125. How many electrons must be removed from a ball of mass 3.2 g so that it may float in an electric field of intensity
1010 N / C directed upwards?
126. An electron is separated by a proton through a distance of 0.8 Å. find the electric field due to proton at the location of
electron.
127. The electrostatic force between charges of 200  C and 500  C placed in free space is 5 kg-wt. find the distance the two
charges. Take, g  10ms 2 .

128. A charge q is placed at the centre of the centre of the line joining two equal charges (Q). Show that the system of three
Q
charge will be in equilibrium, if q   .
4

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129. Two small balls, each carrying charge + q are connected by a non-conducting string of length l. calculate the tension in the
string. Given electrostatic force constant is k.
130. The given figure shown tracks of three charged particles in a uniform electrostatic field. Given the sign of the three charges.
Which particle has the highest charge to mass ratio?

131. An oil drop of 12 excess electrons is held stationary under a constant electric of 2.55  104 N / C in Millikan’s oil drop


experiment. The density of the oil is 1.26 g / cm3 . Estimate the radius of the drop. g  9.81 m / s 2 ;e  160 1019 C . 
132. Define relative permittivity of a medium.
133. A dipole, with a dipole moment of magnitude P, is in stable equilibrium in an electrostatic field of magnitude E. find the
work done in rotating this dipole to its position of unstable equilibrium.

134. An electric dipole is formed by 5 C and  5  C charges at 4 mm distance. Calculate the dipole moment and give its
direction?
135. Two charges of 25  109 C and  25  109 C are placed 6 m apart. Find the electric field at a point 4 m from the centre of
the electric dipole (i) on axial line (ii) on equatorial line.

136. A system has two charge q A  2.5 107 C and qB   2.5 107 C located at points A  0 , 0,  15 cm  and
B  0 , 0 ,  15 cm  , respectively. What are the total charged and electric dipole moment of the system ?
137. An electric dipole when held at 30 with respect to a uniform electric field of 104 N / C experience a torque of
9  1026 N  m . Calculate dipole moment of the dipole.
138. Two charges –q and +q are located at points A (0, 0 2) and B (0, 0, 2), respectively. How much work will be done in
moving a test charge from point P (4, 0, 0) to Q (5, 0, 0) ?

139. A uniformly charged conducting sphere of diameter 2.4 m has a surface charge density of 80.0  C / m 2 .
(i) Find the charge on the sphere. (ii) What is the total electric flux leaving the surface of the sphere ?
140. What will be the electric field intensity at the centre of a uniformly charged circular wire of linear charge density?
141. A hemispherical body is placed in a uniform electric field E. what is the flux associated with the curved surface, if field is :
(i) parallel to base? (ii) Perpendicular to base?

142. Consider a uniform electric field E  3 103 ˆi N / C .

(i) What is the flux of this field through a square of 10 cm on a side whose plane is parallel to the yz-plane?
(ii) What is the flux through the same square if the normal to its plane makes a 60 angle with the
x-axis?
143. A charge of 2  109 C is placed on a corner of a cube of side 1 m. find the electric flux passing through a face opposite to
corner.
144. A particle of mass m and charge (- q) enters the enters the region between the two charged plates initially moving along x-
axis with speed Vx (like particle in figure). The length of plate is L and a uniform electric field E is maintained between the

 
plates. Show that the vertical deflection of the particle at the far edge that the plate is qEL2 / 2mvx2 . Compare this motion

with motion of a projectile in gravitational field.

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145. An infinite line charge produces a field of 9  104 N / C at a distance of 2 cm. calculate the linear charge density.
146. Work done in moving a test charge between two points in an electric field is independent of the path followed. Comment.
147. The electric potential at 0.1 m from a point charge is +50 V. what is the magnitude and sign of the charge?

148. A small particle carrying a negative charge of 1.6  1019 C is suspended in equilibrium between the horizontal metal plates
5 cm apart, having a potential difference of 3000 V across them; find the mass of the particle.

149. Two point charges 3 C and  3 C are placed at points A and B, 5 cm apart.
(i) Draw the equipotential surface of the system.
(ii) Why do equipotential surfaces get close to each other near the point charge ?

150. Two charges of 5nC and  2nC are placed at points (5 cm, 0, 0) and (23 cm, 0, 0) in region of space where there is no other
external field. Calculate the electrostatic potential energy of this charge system.
151. Draw three equipotential surfaces corresponding to a field that uniformly increases in magnitude but remains constant along
Z-direction. How are these surfaces different from that of a constant electric field along Z-direction ?

152. Two particles have equal masses of 5.0g each and opposite charges of  4.0 105 C and  4.0 105 C . They are released
from rest with a separation of 1.0 m between them. Find the speed of the particles when the separation is reduced to 50 cm.
153. Can two equipotential surfaces intersect each other? Given reasons. Two charges –q and +q are located at points
A  0, 0 ,  a  and B  0 , 0,  a  respectively. How much work is done in moving a test charge from point P (7, 0, 0) to
Q  3, 0 , 0  ?

154. Two point charges, q1  10 108 C and q2   2 108 C are separated by a distance of 60 cm in air.
(i) What a distance from the 1st charge, q1 would the electric potential be zero ?
(ii) Also calculate the electrostatic potential energy of the system.
155. Four charges are arranged at the corners of a square ABCD of side d, as shown in figure.
(i) Find the work required to put, together this arrangement
(ii) A charge  q0  is brought to at the centre E of the square, the
four charges being held fixed at the corners. How much extra
work is needed to do this ?

156. A regular hexagon of side 10 cm has a charge 5  C at each of its vertices. Calculate the potential at the centre of the
hexagon.
157. A thin straight infinitely long conduction wire having charge density  is enclosed by a cylindrical surface of radius r and
length l, its axis coinciding with the length of the wire. Find the expression for the electric flux through the surface of the
cylinder.

158. Two charged conducting spheres of radii r1 and r2 connected to each other by a wire. Find the ratio of electric fields at the
surfaces of the two spheres.

159. Two identical metallic spherical shells A and B having charges  4Q and  10Q are kept a certain distance apart. A third
identical uncharged sphere C is first placed in contact with sphere A and then with sphere B, then spheres A and B are
brought in contact and then separated. Find the charge on the spheres A and B.

160. Show that the electric field at the surface of a charged conductor is given by   n̂ , where  is the surface charge
0
density and n̂ , is a unit vector normal to the surface in the outward direction.

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161. A spherical conducting shell of inner radius R1 and outer radius R2 has a charge Q. A chare q is placed at the centre of the
shell.
(A) What is the surface charge density on the (1) inner surface, (2) outer surface of the shell?
(B) Write the expression for the electric field at a point to x  R2 from the centre of the shell.

162. Define electric flux. Write its SI unit. A charge q is enclosed by a spherical surface of radius R.
163. Draw the shapes of the suitable Gaussian surface, while applying Gauss’s law to calculate the electric field due to
(A) A uniformly charged long straight wire (B) A uniformly charged infinite plane sheet.
164. Two large parallel thin metallic plates are placed close to each other. The plates have surface charge densities of opposite
signs and of magnitude 2.0 1012 C / m 2 .Calculate the electric field intensity
(A) In the outer region of the plates (B) In the interior region between the plates
14 2
165. A point charge causes and electric flux  3 10 N  m / C pass through a spherical Gaussian surface.
(A) Calculate the value of the point charge.
(B) If the radius of the Gaussian surface is double, how much flux would pass through the surface ?

166. A test charge, q is moved without acceleration from A to C along the path
from A to B and then from B to C in electric field E as shown in the figure.
(i) Calculate the potential difference between A and C.
(ii) At which point (of the two) is the electric potential more and why?
167. Plot electric potential (V) with distance r due to a point charge Q.
168. Two uniformly large parallel thin plates having charge densities   and   are kept in the XZ- plane at a distance d apart.
Sketch an equipotential surface due to electric field between the plates. If a particle of mass m and charge q remains
stationary between the plates what is the magnitude and direction of this field?
169. A dipole with its charge, –q and +q, located at the points (0, – b, 0) and (0, + b, 0), is present in a uniform electric field E.
the equipotential surface of this field are planes parallel to the YZ-planes.
(i) What is the direction of the electric field E ?
(ii) How much torque would the dipole experience in this field?

170. Find out the expression for the potential energy of a system three charges q1 ,q2 and q3 located, at r1 ,r2 and r3 with respect
to the common origin o.
171. Draw three equipotential surfaces corresponding to a field that uniformly increases in magnitude but remains constant along
Z-direction. How are these surfaces different from that of a constant electric field along Z- direction?
172. Write two characteristics of equipotential surfaces. Draw the equipotential surfaces due to an electric dipole.
173. Two point charges, q1  10 108 C and q2   2 108 C are separated by a distance of 60 cm in air.
(i) What a distance from the 1st charge, q1 would the electric potential be zero?
(ii) Also calculate the electrostatic potential energy of the system.
174. Two point charges 4Q, Q are separated by 1 m in air. At what point on the line joining the charges is the electric field
intensity zero? Also calculate the electrostatic potential energy of the system of charges, taking the value of charge,
Q  2 107 C
175. Define the dipole moment of an electric dipole how does the electric potential due to a dipole vary on the dipole axis as a
function of r distance of the point from the mid-point of the dipole at large distances ?
176. Two charges of 5 n C and –2 n C are placed at points (5 cm, 0, 0) and (23 cm, 0, 0) in region of space where, there is no
other external field. Calculate the electrostatic potential energy of this charge system.

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177. The opposite corners of a square carry Q charge each and the other two opposite corners of the same square carry q charge
each. If the resultant force on q is zero, how are Q and q related?
178. Equal charges each of 20  C are placed at x = 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 cm on x-axis. Find the force experienced by the charge at
x = 2 cm.
179. (i) Two insulated charged copper spheres A and B have their centres separated by a distance of 50 cm. What is
the mutual force of electrostatic repulsion. If the charge on each is 6.5  107 C and the radii of A and B are
negligible compared to the distance of separation?
(ii) What is the force of repulsion, if each sphere is charged double the above amount and the distance between them
is halved?
180. In the figure below, the electric field lines on the left have twice the
separation of those on the right.
(i) If the magnitude of the field of A is 40 N/C, what force acts on a
proton at A ?
(ii) What is the magnitude of the field at B ?
181. Give some points of dissimilarity and similarity between electrostatic and gravitational forces.
182. Careful measurement of the electric of the field at the surface of a black box indicates that the net outward flux through the
surface of the box is 8.0  103 N  m3C 1 .
(i) What is the net charge inside the box?
(ii) If the net outward flux through the surface of the box were zero, could you conclude that there were no charge
Inside the box. Why or why not ?
183. State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. A cube with each side a is kept in an electric field given by E = Cx (as shown in the
figure) where C is a positive dimensions constant. Find out :

(i) The electric flux through the cube (ii) The net charge inside the cube.
184. A hollow cylindrical box of length 1m and area of cross-section 25 cm 2 is placed in a three dimensional coordinate system
as shown in the figure. The electric field in the region is given by E  50 x ˆi , where E is in NC 1 and x is in metre. Find :

(i) Net flux through the cylinder and (ii) Charge enclosed by the cylinder.
185. Electric charge is distributed uniformly on the surface of a spherical rubber balloon. Show how the value of electric intensity
vary (i) on the surface (ii) inside and (iii) outside?
186. Two large thin metal plates are parallel and close to each other. On their inner faces, the plates have surface charge densities
of opposite signs and of magnitudes 17.0  1012 C  m 2 . What is E
(i) To the left of the plates ? (ii) To the right of the plates ? (iii) In between the plates ?

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187. A point charge causes an electric flux of 1.0  103 Nm 2 / C to pass through a spherical Gaussian surface of 10.0 cm radius
centered on the charge.
(i) If the radius of the Gaussian surface were doubled, how much flux would flux would pass through the surface ?
(ii) What is the value of point charge ?
188. An infinite number of charges each numerically equal to q and of the same sign are placed along x-axis at x = 1, x = 2x = 4,
x = 8m and so on. Find the electric potential at x = O.

189. Two charges 3 108 C and  2 108 C are placed 15 cm apart. At what point on the line joining the two charges is the
electric potential zero? Take the potential at infinity to be zero.
190. The sides of rectangle ABCD are 15 cm and 5 cm as shown in figure. Point charges of  5  C ,  2  C are placed at the
corners D and B respectively. Calculate electric potential at A and C. Also, Calculate work done in carrying a charge of
3  C from A to C.

191. A charge of 8m C is located at the origin. Calculate the work done in taking a small charge of  2 109 C from a point P (0,
0, 3) (in cm) to a point Q (0, 4, 0) (in cm ), via a point R (0, 6, 9) (in cm).
192. A cube of side b has a charge q at each of its vertices. Determine the potential and electric field due to this charge array at
the centre of the cube.
193. A spherical conducting shell of inner radius r1 and outer radius r2 has a charge Q.
(i) A charge q is placed at the centre of the shell. What is the surface charge density on the inner and outer surfaces?
(ii) Is the electric field inside a cavity (with no charge) zero, even if the shell is not spherical but has any irregular
shape? Explain.

194. (i) Two points charges q1 and q2 initially at infinity, are brought one by one to points p1 and p2 , specified by
position vectors r1 and r2 relative to same origin. What is the potential energy of this charge configuration?
Define an equipotential surface.
(ii) Draw schematically, the equipotential surface corresponding to a field that uniformly increases in magnitude but
remains constant in direction.
195. Four point charges q A  2  C,qB   5 C , qC  2  C and qD   5 C are located at the corners of a square A B C D
of side 10 cm. what is the force on a charge of 1 C placed at the centre of the square?

196. Four particles, each having a charge q are placed on the four corners A, B, C, D of a regular pentagon ABCDE. The distance
of each corner from the centre is a. find the electric filed at the centre of the pentagon.
197. State Coulomb’s law in vector from. Does it obey Newton’s third law of motion?

198. A free pith-ball of 8g carries a positive charge of 5  108 C . What must be the nature and magnitude of charge that should
be given the to a second pith-ball fixed 5 cm vertically below the former pith-ball so that the upper pith-ball is stationary?

199. Three charge 10  C, 5 C and  5 C are placed in air at three corners A, B and C of an equilateral triangle of side 0.1 m.
find the resultant force experienced by charge placed at corner A,

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200. A charged particle of charged 2  C and mass 0.1 mg moving with a velocity of 1000 m/s enters a uniform electric field of

strength 103 NC 1 directed perpendicular to its direction of motion. Find the velocity and displacement of the particle after
10 s.
201. Two charges – q each are fixed separated by distance 2d. A third charge q of mass m placed at the mid-point is displaced
slightly by perpendicular to the line joining the two fixed charged as shown in figure. Shown that q will perform simply
12
 8 3 md 3 
harmonic oscillation of the time period T   0
 .
 q2 
202. The electric field at a point on the axial line at a distance of 10 cm from the centre of an electric dipole is 3.75  105 N / C in
air, while at a distance of 20 cm, the electric field is 3  104 N / C Calculate the length of electric dipole.
203. (i) Define electric flux. Write its SI unit.
(ii) How is the filed directed if.
(a) The sheet is positively charged, (b) Negatively charged ?
204. Using Gauss’s law, deduce the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly charged spherical conducting shell of
radius R at a point inside the shell.
Plot a graph showing variation of electric field as a function of r < R and r > R (r being the distance from the centre of the
shell).
205. Two charges –q and +q are located at points (0, 0, a) and (0, 0, a) respectively.
(i) What is the electric potential at the points (0, 0, z) and (x, y, 0) ?
(ii) Obtain the dependence of potential at the distance r of a point from the origin when r/a >>1.
(iii) How much work is done in moving a small test charge from the point (5, 0, 0) to (7, 0, 0) along the x-axis ? does
the answer change, if the path of the test charge between the same points is not along the x-axis ?

206. Four point charge  1 C  1 C , 1 C and  1 C are placed at the corner A, B, C, D of a square of each side 0.1m.
(i) Calculate electric potential at the centre O of the square.
(ii) If E middle point of BC, what is he work done in carrying an electron O to E ?
207. Given figure shown a charge array known as an electric quadrupole. For a point on the axis of the quadruple, obtain the
dependence of potential on r for r/a >>1 and contrast your result with that due to an electric dipole and an electric monopole
(i.e., a single charge).

208. Describe schematically the equipotential surfaces corresponding to

(i) A constant electric field in the Z- direction,
(ii) A field that uniformly increases in magnitude but remains in a constant (say Z) direction and
(iii) A single positive charge at the origin.

209. (i) A small metal sphere carrying charge +Q is located at the centre
of a spherical cavity inside a large uncharged metallic spherical
shell as shown in the figure. Use Gauss’s law to find the
expressions for the electric field at points p1 and p2 .
(ii) Draw the pattern of electric field lines in this arrangement.

210. A uniform electric field E  Ex ˆi N/C for x > 0 and E   E X ˆi N/C for x < 0 are given. A right circular cylinder of length
l cm and radius r cm has its centre at the origin and its axis along the X-axis. Find out the net outward flux using the Gauss’s
law; write the expression for the net charge within the cylinder.

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211. A uniformly charged conducting sphere of 2.5 m in diameter has a surface charge density of 100  C / m 2 . Calculate the
(a) Charge on the sphere and
(b) Total electric flux through the sphere
212. Calculate the work done to dissociate the system of three charges placed on the
vertices of a triangle as shown here. Here, q  1.6 10 10 C .

213. An electric dipole moment P is held in a uniform electric field E.

(i) Prove that no translation force acts on the dipole.
(ii) Hence, prove that, the torque acting on the dipole is given by pE sin  , indicating the direction along which is
acts.
VALUE BASED QUESTIONS
1. Geeta has dry hair. A comb ran through her dry hair attract small bits of paper. She observes that Neeta with oily hair combs
her hair; the combs could not attract small bits of paper. She consults her teacher for this and gets the answer. She then goes
to the junior classes and shown this phenomenon as physics experiment to them. All the juniors feel very happy and tell her
that will also look for such interesting things in nature and try to find the answer. She succeeds in forming a science club in
her school.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions.
(i) What according to you are the values displayed Geeta? (ii) Explain the phenomenon involved.
2. Conservation of charge is the property by virtue of which total charge of an isolated system always remains constant or
conserved. For example, when we rub two insulating bodies, A and B, such that n electrons from A transfer to B, then charge
acquired by A = + n e and charge acquired by B = –n e , where e is magnitude of charge on an electron. The net charge on
isolated system of bodies A and B = n e – n e = 0, which was the charges before rubbing. It also implies that charges can be
created or destroyed in equal an unlike pairs only.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions.
(i) What is the basic cause of conservation of charge?
(ii) Name any other fundamental property of electric charge.
(iii) At a time, can you create two like charge of magnitude q = n e each ?
(iv) How is the property of conservation of charge reflected in day-to day life ?
3. A and B are two students in a class who have been assigned to organize a Republic day function. They have also been
instructed to invite personally more than 60 members from all the nearly cultural organizations and VIPs in their area. While
student A arranged invitations using a photocopier/ fax, student B arranges invitations by writing to them individual.
(i) Which student’s method would you adopt and why?
(ii) State the principal behind the source used by student A.
4. During an endoscopic surgery, a surgeon sees the interior of the patient’s body on the viewing screen of a video monitor.
The surgeon continues to do the surgery with the help of other medical staff and one of the medical staff on noticing the
surgeon’s gloved fingers coming within a few centimeters of a screen, pointing to a particular part of the image, say in
explaining a surgical concern to other medical staff, the gloves is contaminated. When one of the medical staff asks the
surgeon that whether his gloves would have been contaminated, the surgeon answers him later, after the completion of the
operation.
(i) What is learnt from the above?
(ii) Can you find the bacterial source? If yes, name it.
(iii) Name the force which plays a role in bacterial contamination.

5. When an electric dipole of moment p  q  2a is held at an angle  , with of uniform external electric field E. A torque
  pE sin  acts on the dipole. This torque tries to align the electric dipole in the direction of the field. When P is along
E,   0 ,   PE sin 0  zero .

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Read the above passage and answer the following questions.

(i) What is the direction of torque acting on electric dipole held at an angle with uniform external electric field?
(ii) An electric dipole of length 10 cm having charge  6 103 C , placed at 30 with respect to a uniform

electric field experiences a torque of magnitude 6 3 N  m . Calculate magnitude of electric field.

(iii) What is the physical significance of this concept in our day-to-day life ?

6. Two persons are standing under a tree and another person near them is inside a car. They were arguing about going out for a
movie or to the beach, the person inside the car notices his friends standing under the tree are affected by lightning;
he comes out and takes them to the nearly hospital.
(i) Why the person in the car was not affected by lighting? What quality do you find the person inside the car?
(ii) Explain the process that takes place during lighting.
7. A picnic was arranged by school for the students of class XII. After some time, it was raining heavily accompanied by
thundering and lightening the students got afraid. Some students went inside the room. Two students asked for the key of the
car and sat inside the car folding their legs on the seat. The other students called them to come out but they refused. They
knew that charge inside the conducting shell is zero as told by the teacher and told other not to stand near the electric pole
when it is lightening.
(i) What value was displayed by these students?
(ii) If the total charge enclosed by a surface is zero, does it imply that the electric field everywhere on a surface is
zero? Conversely, if the electric field everywhere on a surface is zero? Does it imply that net charge inside is zero?
8. The surface integral of electrostatic field E produced by any sources over any closed surface S enclosing a volume V in
vacuum, i.e., total electric flux over the closed surface S in vacuum is 1  0 times the total charge (Q) contained inside S, i.e.,
Q
E   E.dS 
0
The charges inside S may be point charges or even continuous charge distributions.
There is no contribution to total electric flux from the charges outside S. Further, the location of Q inside S does not affect
the value of surface integral.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions.
(i) What are SI units and dimensions of electric flux?
(ii) A closed surface in vacuum encloses charges  q,  3q and +5q. Another charge + 4q lies outside the surface.
What is total electric flux over the surface?
(iii) A point charge q lies inside a spherical surface of radius r. How will the electric flux be affected if radius of the
sphere is doubled?
(iv) What values of life do you learn from this theorem ?

VMC | Board Notes 197 Physics