3rd Generation Partnership Project;

Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network;

3GPP TS 38.304
v2.0.0
NR;(2018-06)
User Equipment (UE) procedures in Idle mode andTechnical
RRC Specification
Inactive state
(Release 15)

The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP..
The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organizational Partners and shall not be implemented.
This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP only. The Organizational Partners accept no liability for any use of this
Specification.
Specifications and Reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organizational Partners' Publications Offices.
Release 15 2 3GPP TS 38.304 v2.0.0 (2018-06)

Keywords
<keyword[, keyword, …]>

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3GPP
Release 15 3 3GPP TS 38.304 v2.0.0 (2018-06)

Contents
Foreword..........................................................................................................................................................5
1 Scope......................................................................................................................................................6
2 References..............................................................................................................................................6
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations..................................................................................................7
3.1 Definitions...........................................................................................................................................................7
3.2 Symbols...............................................................................................................................................................7
3.3 Abbreviations.......................................................................................................................................................7
4 General description of RRC_IDLE state and RRC_INACTIVE state....................................................8
4.1 Overview.............................................................................................................................................................8
4.2 Functional division between AS and NAS in RRC_IDLE state and RRC_INACTIVE state.............................9
4.3 Service types in RRC_IDLE state.....................................................................................................................11
4.4 Service types in RRC_INACTIVE state...........................................................................................................11
4.5 Cell Categories..................................................................................................................................................11
5 Process and procedure descriptions......................................................................................................12
5.1 PLMN selection.................................................................................................................................................12
5.1.1 Support for PLMN selection........................................................................................................................12
5.1.1.1 General...................................................................................................................................................12
5.1.1.2 NR case..................................................................................................................................................12
5.1.1.3 E-UTRA case.........................................................................................................................................12
5.2 Cell selection and reselection............................................................................................................................12
5.2.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................................12
5.2.2 States and state transitions in RRC_IDLE state and RRC_INACTIVE state..............................................14
5.2.3 Cell Selection process..................................................................................................................................15
5.2.3.1 Description.............................................................................................................................................15
5.2.3.2 Cell Selection Criterion..........................................................................................................................15
5.2.3.3 E-UTRAN case in Cell Selection...........................................................................................................16
5.2.4 Cell Reselection evaluation process............................................................................................................16
5.2.4.1 Reselection priorities handling...............................................................................................................16
5.2.4.2 Measurement rules for cell re-selection.................................................................................................16
5.2.4.3 Mobility states of a UE...........................................................................................................................17
5.2.4.3.1 Scaling rules.....................................................................................................................................17
5.2.4.4 Cells with cell reservations, access restrictions or unsuitable for normal camping..............................18
5.2.4.5 NR Inter-frequency and inter-RAT Cell Reselection criteria...............................................................18
5.2.4.6 Intra-frequency and equal priority inter-frequency Cell Reselection criteria.......................................19
5.2.4.7 Cell reselection parameters in system information broadcasts.............................................................19
5.2.4.7.1 Speed dependent reselection parameters..........................................................................................21
5.2.5 Camped Normally state................................................................................................................................21
5.2.6 Selection of cell when leaving RRC_CONNECTED state..........................................................................21
5.2.7 Any Cell Selection state...............................................................................................................................22
5.2.8 Camped on Any Cell state...........................................................................................................................22
5.3 Cell Reservations and Access Restrictions........................................................................................................22
5.3.1 Cell status and cell reservations...................................................................................................................22
5.3.2 Unified access control..................................................................................................................................23
5.4 Tracking Area registration.................................................................................................................................23
5.5 RAN Area registration.......................................................................................................................................24
6 Reception of broadcast information......................................................................................................24
6.1 Reception of system information.......................................................................................................................24
7 Paging...................................................................................................................................................24
7.1 Discontinuous Reception for paging.................................................................................................................24

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Annex <A> (informative): Void...................................................................................................................25

Annex <B> (informative): Change history.....................................................................................................26

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Release 15 5 3GPP TS 38.304 v2.0.0 (2018-06)

Foreword
This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal
TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an
identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:

Version x.y.z

where:

x the first digit:

1 presented to TSG for information;

2 presented to TSG for approval;

3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.

y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections,
updates, etc.

z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.

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Release 15 6 3GPP TS 38.304 v2.0.0 (2018-06)

1 Scope
The present document specifies the Access Stratum (AS) part of the UE procedures in RRC_IDLE state (also called Idle
mode) and RRC_INACTIVE state. The non-access stratum (NAS) part of Idle mode procedures and processes is
specified in [9].

The present document specifies the model for the functional division between the NAS and AS in a UE.

The present document applies to all UEs that support at least NR Radio Access, including multi-RAT UEs as described
in 3GPP specifications, in the following cases:

- When the UE is camped on a NR cell;

- When the UE is searching for a cell to camp on;

NOTE: When the UE is camped on or searching for a cell to camp on belonging to other RATs, the UE behaviour
is described in the specifications of the other RATs.

2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.

- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.

- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.

- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document (including
a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document in the same
Release as the present document.

[1] 3GPP TR 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications".

[2] 3GPP TS 38.300: "NR Overall Description; Stage 2".

[3] 3GPP TS 38.331: "NR; Radio Resource Control (RRC) - Protocol Specification".

[4] 3GPP TS 38.213: "NR; Physical layer procedures".

[5] 3GPP TS 38.214: "NR; Physical layer; Measurements".

[6] 3GPP TS 36.331: "E-UTRA; Radio Resource Control (RRC) - Protocol Specification".

[7] 3GPP TS 36.304: "E-UTRA; User Equipment (UE) procedures in RRC_IDLE state ".

[8] 3GPP TS 38.133: "NR; Requirements for Support of Radio Resource Management".

[9] 3GPP TS 23.122: "NAS functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in RRC_IDLE state".

[10] 3GPP TS 23.501: “System Architecture for the 5G System; Stage 2”.

[11] 3GPP TS 38.215: "NR; Physical layer measurements".

[12] 3GPP TS 22.261: "Service requirements for the 5G system”.

[13] 3GPP TS 24.890: "5G System – Phase 1; CT WG1 Aspects”.

[14] 3GPP TS 24.501: “Non-Access-Stratum (NAS) protocol for 5G System (5GS); Stage 3”

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3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations

3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:

Acceptable Cell: A cell that satisfies certain conditions as specified in 4.3.

Available PLMN(s): One or more PLMN(s) for which the UE has found at least one cell and read its PLMN
identity(ies).

Camped on a cell: UE has completed the cell selection/reselection process and has chosen a cell. The UE monitors
system information and (in most cases) paging information.

Camped on any cell: UE is in idle mode and has completed the cell selection/reselection process and has chosen a cell
irrespective of PLMN identity.

Commercial Mobile Alert System: Public Warning System that delivers Warning Notifications provided by Warning
Notification Providers to CMAS capable UEs.

Home PLMN: A PLMN where the Mobile Country Code (MCC) and Mobile Network Code (MNC) of the PLMN
identity are the same as the MCC and MNC of the IMSI.

Process: A local action in the UE invoked by an RRC procedure or an RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE state
procedure.

Radio Access Technology: Type of technology used for radio access, for instance NR or E-UTRA.

Registration Area: (NAS) registration area is an area in which the UE may roam without a need to perform location
registration, which is a NAS procedure.

Selected PLMN: This is the PLMN that has been selected by the NAS, either manually or automatically.

Serving cell: The cell on which the UE is camped.

Strongest cell: The cell on a particular carrier that is considered strongest according to the layer 1 cell search procedure
[4], [5].

Suitable Cell: This is a cell on which a UE may camp. For NR cell, the criteria are defined in subclause 4.3, for E-
UTRA cell in [7].

3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:

<symbol> <Explanation>

3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An
abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in
3GPP TR 21.905 [1].

AS Access Stratum
CMAS Commercial Mobile Alert System
CN Core Network
DCI Downlink Control Information
ETWS Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System
E-UTRA Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access
E-UTRAN Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity

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MCC Mobile Country Code

NAS Non-Access Stratum
NR NR Radio Access
PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
RAT Radio Access Technology
RNA RAN-based Notification Area
RNAU RAN-based Notification Area Update
RRC Radio Resource Control
UAC Unified Access Control
UE User Equipment
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

4 General description of RRC_IDLE state and

RRC_INACTIVE state

4.1 Overview
The RRC_IDLE state and RRC_INACTIVE state tasks can be subdivided into three processes:

- PLMN selection;

- Cell selection and reselection;

- Location registration and RNA update;

PLMN selection, cell reselection procedures, and location registration are common for both RRC_IDLE state and
RRC_INACTIVE state. RNA update is only applicable for RRC_INACTIVE state.

When a UE is switched on, a public land mobile network (PLMN) is selected by NAS. For the selected PLMN,
associated RAT(s) may be set [9]. The NAS shall provide a list of equivalent PLMNs, if available, that the AS shall use
for cell selection and cell reselection.

With cell selection, the UE searches for a suitable cell of the selected PLMN, chooses that cell to provide available
services, and monitors its control channel. This procedure is defined as "camping on the cell".

The UE shall, if necessary, then register its presence, by means of a NAS registration procedure, in the tracking area of
the chosen cell and. As an outcome of a successful Location Registration, the selected PLMN then becomes the
registered PLMN [9].

If the UE finds a more suitable cell, according to the cell reselection criteria, it reselects onto that cell and camps on it.
If the new cell does not belong to at least one tracking area to which the UE is registered, location registration is
performed. In RRC_INACTIVE state, if the new cell does not belong to the configured RNA, an RNA update
procedure is performed.

If necessary, the UE shall search for higher priority PLMNs at regular time intervals as described in [9] and search for a
suitable cell if another PLMN has been selected by NAS.

If the UE loses coverage of the registered PLMN, either a new PLMN is selected automatically (automatic mode), or an
indication of available PLMNs is given to the user so that a manual selection can be performed (manual mode).

Registration is not performed by UEs only capable of services that need no registration.

The purpose of camping on a cell in RRC_IDLE state and RRC_INACTIVE state is fourfold:

a) It enables the UE to receive system information from the PLMN.

b) When registered and if the UE wishes to establish an RRC connection, it can do this by initially accessing the
network on the control channel of the cell on which it is camped.

c) If the network needs to send a message or deliver data to the registered UE, it knows (in most cases) the set of
tracking areas (in RRC_IDLE state) or RNA (in RRC_INACTIVE state) in which the UE is camped. It can then

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send a "paging" message for the UE on the control channels of all the cells in the corresponding set of areas. The
UE will then receive the paging message and can respond.

d) It enables the UE to receive ETWS and CMAS notifications.

4.2 Functional division between AS and NAS in RRC_IDLE state

and RRC_INACTIVE state
Table 4.2-1 presents the functional division between UE non-access stratum (NAS) and UE access stratum (AS) in
RRC_IDLE state and RRC_INACTIVE states. The NAS part is specified in [9] and the AS part in the present
document.

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Table 4.2-1: Functional division between AS and NAS in RRC_IDLE state and RRC_INACTIVE state
RRC_IDLE and UE Non-Access Stratum UE Access Stratum
RRC_INACTIVE
state Process
PLMN Selection Maintain a list of PLMNs in priority order according Search for available PLMNs.
to [9]. Select a PLMN using automatic or manual
mode as specified in [9] and request AS to select If associated RAT(s) is (are) set for the
a cell belonging to this PLMN. For each PLMN, PLMN, search in this (these) RAT(s) and
associated RAT(s) may be set. other RAT(s) for that PLMN as specified in
[9].
Evaluate reports of available PLMNs from AS for
PLMN selection. Perform measurements to support PLMN
selection.
Maintain a list of equivalent PLMN identities.
Synchronise to a broadcast channel to
identify found PLMNs.

Report available PLMNs with associated

RAT(s) to NAS on request from NAS or
autonomously.
Cell Control cell selection for example by indicating Perform measurements needed to support
Selection RAT(s) associated with the selected PLMN to be cell selection.
used initially in the search of a cell in the cell
selection. Detect and synchronise to a broadcast
channel. Receive and handle broadcast
information. Forward NAS system
information to NAS.

Search for a suitable cell. The cells

broadcast one or more 'PLMN identity' in
the system information. Respond to NAS
whether such cell is found or not.

If associated RATs is (are) set for the

PLMN, perform the search in this (these)
RAT(s) and other RATs for that PLMN as
specified in [9].

If a cell is found which satisfies cell

selection criteria, camp on that cell.
Cell Maintain a list of equivalent PLMN identities and Perform measurements needed to support
Reselection provide the list to AS. cell reselection.

Detect and synchronise to a broadcast

channel. Receive and handle broadcast
information. Forward NAS system
information to NAS.

Change cell if a more suitable cell is found.

Location Register the UE as active after power on. Report registration area information to
registration NAS.
Register the UE's presence in a registration area,
for instance regularly or when entering a new
tracking area.

Deregister UE when shutting down.

RAN Notification Not applicable. Register the UE's presence in a RAN-

Area Update based notification area (RNA), periodically
or when entering a new RNA.

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4.3 Service types in RRC_IDLE state

This clause defines the level of service that may be provided by the network to a UE in RRC_IDLE state. The following
three levels of services are provided while a UE is in RRC_IDLE state:

- Limited service (emergency calls, ETWS and CMAS on an acceptable cell);

- Normal service (for public use on a suitable cell);

- Operator service (for operators only on a reserved cell).

4.4 Service types in RRC_INACTIVE state

This clause defines the level of service that may be provided by the network to a UE in RRC_INACTIVE state. The
following two levels of services are provided while a UE is in RRC_INACTIVE state:

- Normal service (for public use on a suitable cell);

- Operator service (for operators only on a reserved cell).

4.5 Cell Categories

The cells are categorised according to which services they offer:

acceptable cell:

An "acceptable cell" is a cell on which the UE may camp to obtain limited service (originate emergency calls and
receive ETWS and CMAS notifications). Such a cell shall fulfil the following requirements, which is the minimum set
of requirements to initiate an emergency call and to receive ETWS and CMAS notification in a NR network:

- The cell is not barred, see subclause 5.3.1;

- The cell selection criteria are fulfilled, see subclause 5.2.3.2;

suitable cell:

A cell is considered as suitable if the following conditions are fulfilled:

- The cell is part of either:

- the selected PLMN, or:

- a PLMN of the Equivalent PLMN list

- The cell selection criteria are fulfilled, see subclause 5.2.3.2;

- A cell is served by the selected/registered PLMN and not barred.

According to the latest information provided by NAS:

- The cell is not barred, see subclause 5.3.1;

- The cell is part of at least one TA that is not part of the list of "Forbidden Tracking Areas" [12], which belongs
to a PLMN that fulfils the first bullet above;

barred cell:

A cell is barred if it is so indicated in the system information [3].

reserved cell:

A cell is reserved if it is so indicated in system information [3].

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5 Process and procedure descriptions

5.1 PLMN selection

In the UE, the AS shall report available PLMNs to the NAS on request from the NAS or autonomously.

During PLMN selection, based on the list of PLMN identities in priority order, the particular PLMN may be selected
either automatically or manually. Each PLMN in the list of PLMN identities is identified by a 'PLMN identity'. In the
system information on the broadcast channel, the UE can receive one or multiple 'PLMN identity' in a given cell. The
result of the PLMN selection performed by NAS (see 3GPP TS 23.122 [9]) is an identifier of the selected PLMN.

5.1.1 Support for PLMN selection

5.1.1.1 General
On request of the NAS, the AS shall perform a search for available PLMNs and report them to NAS.

5.1.1.2 NR case
The UE shall scan all RF channels in the NR bands according to its capabilities to find available PLMNs. On each
carrier, the UE shall search for the strongest cell and read its system information, in order to find out which PLMN(s)
the cell belongs to. If the UE can read one or several PLMN identities in the strongest cell, each found PLMN (see the
PLMN reading in [3]) shall be reported to the NAS as a high quality PLMN (but without the RSRP value), provided
that the following high-quality criterion is fulfilled:

1. For a NR cell, the measured RSRP value shall be greater than or equal to -110 dBm.

Found PLMNs that do not satisfy the high-quality criterion but for which the UE has been able to read the PLMN
identities are reported to the NAS together with their corresponding RSRP values. The quality measure reported by the
UE to NAS shall be the same for each PLMN found in one cell.

The search for PLMNs may be stopped on request from the NAS. The UE may optimise PLMN search by using stored
information e.g. carrier frequencies and optionally also information on cell parameters from previously received
measurement control information elements.

Once the UE has selected a PLMN, the cell selection procedure shall be performed in order to select a suitable cell of
that PLMN to camp on.

5.1.1.3 E-UTRA case

Support for PLMN selection in E-UTRA is described in [7].

5.2 Cell selection and reselection

5.2.1 Introduction
UE shall perform measurements for cell selection and reselection purposes as specified in [8].

The NAS can control the RAT(s) in which the cell selection should be performed, for instance by indicating RAT(s)
associated with the selected PLMN, and by maintaining a list of forbidden registration area(s) and a list of equivalent
PLMNs. The UE shall select a suitable cell based on RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE state measurements and cell
selection criteria.

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In order to expedite the cell selection process, stored information for several RATs, if available, may be used by the UE.

When camped on a cell, the UE shall regularly search for a better cell according to the cell reselection criteria. If a
better cell is found, that cell is selected. The change of cell may imply a change of RAT. Details on performance
requirements for cell reselection can be found in [8].

The NAS is informed if the cell selection and reselection result in changes in the received system information relevant
for NAS.

For normal service, the UE shall camp on a suitable cell, monitor control channel(s) of that cell so that the UE can:

- receive system information from the PLMN; and

- receive registration area information from the PLMN, e.g., tracking area information; and

- receive other AS and NAS Information; and

- if registered:

- receive paging and notification messages from the PLMN; and

- initiate transfer to Connected mode.

For cell selection, measurement quantity of a cell is up to UE implementation.

For cell reselection in multi-beam operations, using a maximum number (nrofSS-ResourcesToAverage) of beams to be
considered and a threshold (absThreshSS-Consolidation) which are configured for a cell, the measurement quantity of
this cell is derived amongst the beams corresponding to the same cell based on SS/PBCH block as follows:

- if the highest beam measurement quantity value is below the threshold:

- derive a cell measurement quantity as the highest beam measurement quantity value, where each beam
measurement quantity is described in TS 38.215 [11];

- else:

- derive a cell measurement quantity as the linear average of the power values of up to the maximum number
of highest beam measurement quantity values above the threshold.

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5.2.2 States and state transitions in RRC_IDLE state and RRC_INACTIVE

state
Figure 5.2.2-1 shows the states and state transitions and procedures in RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE. Whenever a
new PLMN selection is performed, it causes an exit to number 1.

go here whenever a
new PLMN is
selected

cell information no cell information

stored for the PLMN
1 stored for the PLMN

Stored Initial
information no suitable cell found Cell Selection
Cell Selection

no suitable
cell found suitable cell found 2 suitable cell found
no suitable
cell found
Cell selection NAS indicates that
upon leaving suitable registration on selected
Camped
connected cell found normally PLMN is rejected
mode (except with cause
#12, #14 , #15 or #25
[9][14])
return to leave trigger
idle/inactive idle/inactive suitable
mode mode cell found

Connected Cell
mode no suitable
Reselection
cell found;
Evaluation
move to idle
Process
mode go here
when no
USIM in
the UE
Any Cell
no acceptable cell found Selection

USIM inserted

acceptable
cell found
1

Cell Selection
when leaving acceptable cell Camped on suitable
connected found any cell cell found 2
mode

return to leave trigger

idle mode idle mode acceptable
cell found

Connected
mode Cell
(Emergency Reselection no acceptable
calls only) Evaluation cell found
Process

Figure 5.2.2-1 RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE Cell Selection and Reselection

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5.2.3 Cell Selection process

5.2.3.1 Description
Cell selection is performed by one of the following two procedures:

a) Initial cell selection (no prior knowledge of which RF channels are NR carriers):

1. The UE shall scan all RF channels in the NR bands according to its capabilities to find a suitable cell.

2. On each carrier frequency, the UE need only search for the strongest cell.

3. Once a suitable cell is found, this cell shall be selected.

b) Cell selection by leveraging stored information:

1. This procedure requires stored information of carrier frequencies and optionally also information on cell
parameters from previously received measurement control information elements or from previously detected
cells.

2. Once the UE has found a suitable cell, the UE shall select it.

3. If no suitable cell is found, the initial cell selection procedure in a) shall be started.

5.2.3.2 Cell Selection Criterion

The cell selection criterion S in normal coverage is fulfilled when:

Srxlev > 0 AND Squal > 0

where:

Srxlev = Qrxlevmeas – (Qrxlevmin + Qrxlevminoffset )– Pcompensation - Qoffsettemp

Squal = Qqualmeas – (Qqualmin + Qqualminoffset) - Qoffsettemp

where:

Srxlev Cell selection RX level value (dB)

Squal Cell selection quality value (dB)
Qoffsettemp Offset temporarily applied to a cell as specified in [3] (dB)
Qrxlevmeas Measured cell RX level value (RSRP)
Qqualmeas Measured cell quality value (RSRQ)
Qrxlevmin Minimum required RX level in the cell (dBm). If the UE supports SUL
frequency for this cell, Qrxlevmin is obtained from q-RxLevMin-sul, if
present, in SIB1, else Qrxlevmin is obtained from q-RxLevMin in SIB1.
Qqualmin Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB)
Qrxlevminoffset Offset to the signalled Qrxlevmin taken into account in the Srxlev
evaluation as a result of a periodic search for a higher priority PLMN
while camped normally in a VPLMN [9]
Qqualminoffset Offset to the signalled Qqualmin taken into account in the Squal
evaluation as a result of a periodic search for a higher priority PLMN
while camped normally in a VPLMN [9]
Pcompensation If the UE supports the additionalPmax in the NS-PmaxList, if present,
in SIB1:
max(PEMAX1 –PPowerClass, 0) – (min(PEMAX2, PPowerClass) – min(PEMAX1,
PPowerClass)) (dB);
else:
max(PEMAX1 –PPowerClass, 0) (dB)

The signalled values Qrxlevminoffset and Qqualminoffset are only applied when a cell is evaluated for cell selection as a result of a
periodic search for a higher priority PLMN while camped normally in a VPLMN [23.122]. During this periodic

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search for higher priority PLMN, the UE may check the S criteria of a cell using parameter values stored from a
different cell of this higher priority PLMN.

5.2.3.3 E-UTRAN case in Cell Selection

The cell selection criteria and procedures in E-UTRAN are specified in [7].

5.2.4 Cell Reselection evaluation process

5.2.4.1 Reselection priorities handling

Absolute priorities of different NR frequencies or inter-RAT frequencies may be provided to the UE in the system
information, in the RRCRelease message, or by inheriting from another RAT at inter-RAT cell (re)selection. In the case
of system information, a NR frequency or inter-RAT frequency may be listed without providing a priority (i.e. the field
cellReselectionPriority is absent for that frequency). If priorities are provided in dedicated signalling, the UE shall
ignore all the priorities provided in system information.

NOTE: The prioritization among the frequencies which UE considers to be the highest priority frequency is left to
UE implementation.

The UE shall only perform cell reselection evaluation for NR frequencies and inter-RAT frequencies that are given in
system information and for which the UE has a priority provided.

The UE shall delete priorities provided by dedicated signalling when:

- the UE enters a different RRC state; or

- the optional validity time of dedicated priorities (T320) expires; or

- a PLMN selection is performed on request by NAS [23.122].

NOTE: Equal priorities between RATs are not supported.

The UE shall only perform cell reselection evaluation for NR frequencies and inter-RAT frequencies that are given in
system information and for which the UE has a priority provided.

The UE shall not consider any black listed cells as candidate for cell reselection.

The UE shall inherit the priorities provided by dedicated signalling and the remaining validity time (i.e. T320 in NR and
E-UTRA), if configured, at inter-RAT cell (re)selection.

NOTE: The network may assign dedicated cell reselection priorities for frequencies not configured by system
information.

5.2.4.2 Measurement rules for cell re-selection

When evaluating Srxlev and Squal of non-serving cells for reselection purposes, the UE shall use parameters provided
by the serving cell.

Following rules are used by the UE to limit needed measurements:

- If the serving cell fulfils Srxlev > SIntraSearchP and Squal > SIntraSearchQ, the UE may choose not to perform intra-
frequency measurements.

- Otherwise, the UE shall perform intra-frequency measurements.

- The UE shall apply the following rules for NR inter-frequencies and inter-RAT frequencies which are indicated
in system information and for which the UE has priority provided as defined in 5.2.4.1:

- For a NR inter-frequency or inter-RAT frequency with a reselection priority higher than the reselection
priority of the current NR frequency, the UE shall perform measurements of higher priority NR inter-
frequency or inter-RAT frequencies according to [8].

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- For a NR inter-frequency with an equal or lower reselection priority than the reselection priority of the
current NR frequency and for inter-RAT frequency with lower reselection priority than the reselection
priority of the current NR frequency:

- If the serving cell fulfils Srxlev > SnonIntraSearchP and Squal > SnonIntraSearchQ, the UE may choose not to perform
measurements of NR inter-frequencies or inter-RAT frequency cells of equal or lower priority.

- Otherwise, the UE shall perform measurements of NR inter-frequencies or inter-RAT frequency cells of

equal or lower priority according to [8].

5.2.4.3 Mobility states of a UE

The UE mobility state is determined if the parameters (TCRmax, NCR_H, NCR_M and TCRmaxHyst) are broadcasted in system
information for the serving cell.

State detection criteria:

Normal-mobility state criteria:

- If number of cell reselections during time period TCRmax is less than NCR_M

Medium-mobility state criteria:

- If number of cell reselections during time period TCRmax is greater than or equal to NCR_M but less than NCR_H

High-mobility state criteria:

- If number of cell reselections during time period TCRmax is greater than NCR_H

The UE shall not consider consecutive reselections where a cell is reselected again right after one reselection for
mobility state detection criteria.

State transitions:

The UE shall:

- if the criteria for High-mobility state is detected:

- enter High-mobility state.

- else if the criteria for Medium-mobility state is detected:

- enter Medium-mobility state.

- else if criteria for either Medium- or High-mobility state is not detected during time period T CRmaxHyst:

- enter Normal-mobility state.

If the UE is in High- or Medium-mobility state, the UE shall apply the speed dependent scaling rules as defined in
subclause 5.2.4.3.1.

5.2.4.3.1 Scaling rules

UE shall apply the following scaling rules:

- If neither Medium- nor High-mobility state is detected:

- no scaling is applied.

- If High-mobility state is detected:

- Add the sf-High of "Speed dependent ScalingFactor for Qhyst” to Qhyst if broadcasted in system information

- For NR cells, multiply TreselectionNR by the sf-High of "Speed dependent ScalingFactor for TreselectionNR”
if broadcasted in system information

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- If Medium-mobility state is detected:

- Add the sf-Medium of "Speed dependent ScalingFactor for Qhyst for medium mobility state" to Qhyst if
broadcasted in system information

- For NR cells, multiply TreselectionNR by the sf-Medium of "Speed dependent ScalingFactor for
TreselectionNR" if broadcasted in system information

In case scaling is applied to any TreselectionRAT parameter, the UE shall round up the result after all scalings to the
nearest second.

5.2.4.4 Cells with cell reservations, access restrictions or unsuitable for normal
camping
For the highest ranked cell (including serving cell) according to cell reselection criteria specified in subclause 5.2.4.6,
for the best cell according to absolute priority reselection criteria specified in subclause 5.2.4.5, the UE shall check if
the access is restricted according to the rules in subclause 5.3.1.

If that cell and other cells have to be excluded from the candidate list, as stated in subclause 5.3.1, the UE shall not
consider these as candidates for cell reselection. This limitation shall be removed when the highest ranked cell changes.

If the highest ranked cell or best cell according to absolute priority reselection rules is an intra-frequency or inter-
frequency cell which is not suitable due to being part of the "list of 5GS forbidden TAs for roaming" or belonging to a
PLMN which is not indicated as being equivalent to the registered PLMN, the UE shall not consider this cell and other
cells on the same frequency, as candidates for reselection for a maximum of 300 seconds. If the UE enters into state any
cell selection, any limitation shall be removed. If the UE is redirected under NR control to a frequency for which the
timer is running, any limitation on that frequency shall be removed.

If the highest ranked cell or best cell according to absolute priority reselection rules is an inter-RAT cell which is not
suitable due to being part of the "list of forbidden TAs for roaming" or belonging to a PLMN which is not indicated as
being equivalent to the registered PLMN, the UE shall not consider this cell as a candidate for reselection for a
maximum of 300 seconds. If the UE is redirected under NR control to a frequency for which the timer is running, any
limitation on that frequency shall be removed.

5.2.4.5 NR Inter-frequency and inter-RAT Cell Reselection criteria

If threshServingLowQ is broadcast in system information and more than 1 second has elapsed since the UE camped on
the current serving cell, cell reselection to a cell on a higher priority NR frequency or inter-RAT frequency than the
serving frequency shall be performed if:

- A cell of a higher priority NR or EUTRAN RAT/frequency fulfils Squal > ThreshX, HighQ during a time interval
TreselectionRAT

Otherwise, cell reselection to a cell on a higher priority NR frequency or inter-RAT frequency than the serving
frequency shall be performed if:

- A cell of a higher priority RAT/ frequency fulfils Srxlev > ThreshX, HighP during a time interval TreselectionRAT;
and

- More than 1 second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.

Cell reselection to a cell on an equal priority NR frequency shall be based on ranking for intra-frequency cell reselection
as defined in sub-clause 5.2.4.6.

If threshServingLowQ is broadcast in system information and more than 1 second has elapsed since the UE camped on
the current serving cell, cell reselection to a cell on a lower priority NR frequency or inter-RAT frequency than the
serving frequency shall be performed if:

- The serving cell fulfils Squal < ThreshServing, LowQ and a cell of a lower priority NR or E-UTRAN RAT/ frequency
fulfils Squal > ThreshX, LowQ during a time interval TreselectionRAT

Otherwise, cell reselection to a cell on a lower priority NR frequency or inter-RAT frequency than the serving
frequency shall be performed if:

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- The serving cell fulfils Srxlev < ThreshServing, LowP and a cell of a lower priority RAT/ frequency fulfils Srxlev >
ThreshX, LowP during a time interval TreselectionRAT; and

- More than 1 second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.

Cell reselection to a higher priority RAT/frequency shall take precedence over a lower priority RAT/frequency if
multiple cells of different priorities fulfil the cell reselection criteria.

5.2.4.6 Intra-frequency and equal priority inter-frequency Cell Reselection criteria

The cell-ranking criterion Rs for serving cell and Rn for neighbouring cells is defined by:

Rs = Qmeas,s +Qhyst
Rn = Qmeas,n -Qoffset

where:

Qmeas RSRP measurement quantity used in cell reselections.

Qoffset For intra-frequency: Equals to Qoffsets,n, if Qoffsets,n is valid,
otherwise this equals to zero.
For inter-frequency: Equals to Qoffsets,n plus Qoffsetfrequency, if
Qoffsets,n is valid, otherwise this equals to Qoffsetfrequency.

The UE shall perform ranking of all cells that fulfil the cell selection criterion S, which is defined in 5.2.3.2.

The cells shall be ranked according to the R criteria specified above by deriving Qmeas,n and Qmeas,s and calculating the R
values using averaged RSRP results.

If rangeToBestCell is not configured, the UE shall perform cell reselection to the cell ranked as the best cell. If this cell
is found to be not-suitable, the UE shall behave according to subclause 5.2.4.4.

If rangeToBestCell is configured, then the UE shall perform cell reselection to the cell with the highest number of
beams above the threshold (i.e. absThreshSS-Consolidation) among the cells whose R value is within rangeToBestCell
of the R value of the cell ranked as the best cell. If there are multiple such cells, the UE shall perform cell reselection to
the highest ranked cell among them. The reselected cell then becomes the highest ranked cell.

In all cases, the UE shall reselect the new cell, only if the following conditions are met:

- the new cell is better ranked than the serving cell during a time interval Treselection RAT;

- more than 1 second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.

5.2.4.7 Cell reselection parameters in system information broadcasts

Cell reselection parameters are broadcast in system information and are read from the serving cell as follows:

cellReselectionPriority

This specifies the absolute priority for NR frequency or E-UTRAN frequency.

Qoffsets,n

This specifies the offset between the two cells.

Qoffsetfrequency

Frequency specific offset for equal priority NR frequencies.

Qhyst

This specifies the hysteresis value for ranking criteria.

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Qqualmin

This specifies the minimum required quality level in the cell in dB.

Qrxlevmin

This specifies the minimum required Rx level in the cell in dBm.

TreselectionRAT

This specifies the cell reselection timer value. For each target NR frequency and for each RAT other than NR, a specific
value for the cell reselection timer is defined, which is applicable when evaluating reselection within NR or towards
other RAT (i.e. TreselectionRAT for NR is TreselectionNR, for E-UTRAN TreselectionEUTRA).

Note: TreselectionRAT is not broadcast in system information but used in reselection rules by the UE for each RAT.

TreselectionNR

This specifies the cell reselection timer value Treselection RAT for NR. The parameter can be set per NR frequency [3].

TreselectionEUTRA

This specifies the cell reselection timer value Treselection RAT for E-UTRAN. The parameter can be set per E-UTRAN
frequency [6].

ThreshX, HighP

This specifies the Srxlev threshold (in dB) used by the UE when reselecting towards a higher priority RAT/ frequency
than the current serving frequency. Each frequency of NR and E-UTRAN might have a specific threshold.

ThreshX, HighQ

This specifies the Squal threshold (in dB) used by the UE when reselecting towards a higher priority RAT/ frequency
than the current serving frequency. Each frequency of NR and E-UTRAN might have a specific threshold.

ThreshX, LowP

This specifies the Srxlev threshold (in dB) used by the UE when reselecting towards a lower priority RAT/ frequency
than the current serving frequency. Each frequency of NR and E-UTRAN might have a specific threshold.

ThreshX, LowQ

This specifies the Squal threshold (in dB) used by the UE when reselecting towards a lower priority RAT/ frequency
than the current serving frequency. Each frequency of NR and E-UTRAN might have a specific threshold.

ThreshServing, LowP

This specifies the Srxlev threshold (in dB) used by the UE on the serving cell when reselecting towards a lower priority
RAT/ frequency.

ThreshServing, LowQ

This specifies the Squal threshold (in dB) used by the UE on the serving cell when reselecting towards a lower priority
RAT/ frequency.

SIntraSearchP

This specifies the Srxlev threshold (in dB) for intra-frequency measurements.

SIntraSearchQ

This specifies the Squal threshold (in dB) for intra-frequency measurements.

SnonIntraSearchP

This specifies the Srxlev threshold (in dB) for NR inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements.

SnonIntraSearchQ

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This specifies the Squal threshold (in dB) for NR inter-frequency and inter-RAT measurements.

5.2.4.7.1 Speed dependent reselection parameters

TCRmax

This specifies the duration for evaluating allowed amount of cell reselection(s).

NCR_M

This specifies the maximum number of cell reselections to enter Medium-mobility state.

NCR_H

This specifies the maximum number of cell reselections to enter High-mobility state.

TCRmaxHyst

This specifies the additional time period before the UE can enter Normal-mobility state.

Speed dependent ScalingFactor for Qhyst

This specifies scaling factor for Qhyst in sf-High for High-mobility state and sf-Medium for Medium-mobility state.

Speed dependent ScalingFactor for TreselectionNR

This specifies scaling factor for TreselectionNR in sf-High for High-mobility state and sf-Medium for Medium-mobility
state.

Speed dependent ScalingFactor for TreselectionEUTRA

This specifies scaling factor for TreselectionEUTRA in sf-High for High-mobility state and sf-Medium for Medium-
mobility state.

5.2.5 Camped Normally state

When camped normally, the UE shall perform the following tasks:

- select and monitor the indicated Paging Channels of the cell as specified in clause 7 according to information
sent in system information;

- monitor relevant System Information as specified in [3];

- perform necessary measurements for the cell reselection evaluation procedure;

- execute the cell reselection evaluation process on the following occasions/triggers:

1) UE internal triggers, so as to meet performance as specified in [8];

2) When information on the BCCH used for the cell reselection evaluation procedure has been modified.

5.2.6 Selection of cell when leaving RRC_CONNECTED state

On transition from RRC_CONNECTED to RRC_IDLE state or RRC_INACTIVE state, UE shall attempt to camp on a
suitable cell according to redirectedCarrierInfo if included in the RRC message used for this transition. If the UE
cannot find a suitable cell, the UE is allowed to camp on any suitable cell of the indicated RAT. If the RRC Release
message does not contain the redirectedCarrierInfo, UE shall attempt to select a suitable cell on a NR carrier. If no
suitable cell is found according to the above, the UE shall perform cell selection using stored information in order to
find a suitable cell to camp on.

When returning to RRC_IDLE state after UE moved to RRC_CONNECTED state from camped on any cell state, UE
shall attempt to camp on an acceptable cell according to redirectedCarrierInfo, if included in the RRC Release
message. If the UE cannot find an acceptable cell, the UE is allowed to camp on any acceptable cell of the indicated
RAT. If the RRC Release message does not contain redirectedCarrierInfo UE shall attempt to select an acceptable cell

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on a NR carrier. If no acceptable cell is found according to the above, the UE shall continue to search for an acceptable
cell of any PLMN in state any cell selection.

5.2.7 Any Cell Selection state

This state is only applicable for RRC_IDLE mode. In this state, the UE shall attempt to find an acceptable cell of any
PLMN to camp on, trying all RATs that are supported by the UE and searching first for a high-quality cell, as defined in
subclause 5.1.1.2.

The UE, which is not camped on any cell, shall stay in this state until an acceptable cell is found.

5.2.8 Camped on Any Cell state

This state is only applicable for RRC_IDLE mode. In this state, the UE shall perform the following tasks:

- select and monitor the indicated paging channels of the cell as specified in clause 7;

- monitor relevant System Information as specified in [3];

- perform necessary measurements for the cell reselection evaluation procedure;

- execute the cell reselection evaluation process on the following occasions/triggers:

1) UE internal triggers, so as to meet performance as specified in [8];

2) When information on the BCCH used for the cell reselection evaluation procedure has been modified;

- regularly attempt to find a suitable cell trying all frequencies of all RATs that are supported by the UE. If a
suitable cell is found, UE shall move to camped normally state;

5.3 Cell Reservations and Access Restrictions

There are two mechanisms which allow an operator to impose cell reservations or access restrictions. The first
mechanism uses indication of cell status and special reservations for control of cell selection and reselection procedures.
The second mechanism, referred to as Unified Access Control [3], shall allow preventing selected access categories or
access identities from sending initial access messages for load control reasons.

5.3.1 Cell status and cell reservations

Cell status and cell reservations are indicated in the MasterInformationBlock or SystemInformationBlockType1 (SIB1)
message [3] by means of three fields:

- cellBarred (IE type: "barred" or "not barred")

Indicated in MasterInformationBlock message. In case of multiple PLMNs indicated in SIB1, this field is
common for all PLMNs

- cellReservedForOperatorUse (IE type: "reserved" or "not reserved")

Indicated in SystemInformationBlockType1 message. In case of multiple PLMNs indicated in SIB1, this field is
specified per PLMN.

- cellReservedForOtherUse (IE type: "reserved" or "not reserved")

Indicated in SystemInformationBlockType1 message. In case of multiple PLMNs indicated in SIB1, this field is
common for all PLMNs.

When cell status is indicated as "not barred" and "not reserved" for operator use and "not reserved" for other use,

- All UEs shall treat this cell as candidate during the cell selection and cell reselection procedures.

When cell status is indicated as "reserved" for other use,

- The UE shall treat this cell as if cell status is "barred".

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When cell status is indicated as "not barred" and "reserved" for operator use for any PLMN and “not reserved” for other
use,

- UEs assigned to Access Identity 11 or 15 operating in their HPLMN/EHPLMN shall treat this cell as candidate
during the cell selection and reselection procedures if the field cellReservedForOperatorUse for that PLMN set
to “reserved”.

- UEs assigned to an Access Identity in the range of 0 to 10 and 12 to 14 shall behave as if the cell status is
"barred" in case the cell is "reserved for operator use" for the registered PLMN or the selected PLMN.

NOTE 1: Access Identities 11, 15 are only valid for use in the HPLMN/ EHPLMN; Access Identities 12, 13, 14 are
only valid for use in the home country [12].

When cell status "barred" is indicated or to be treated as if the cell status is "barred",

- The UE is not permitted to select/reselect this cell, not even for emergency calls.

- The UE shall select another cell according to the following rule:

- If the cell is to be treated as if the cell status is “barred” due to being unable to acquire the
MasterInformationBlock or the SystemInformationBlockType1:

- the UE may exclude the barred cell as a candidate for cell selection/reselection for up to 300 seconds.

- the UE may select another cell on the same frequency if the selection criteria are fulfilled.

- else

- If the field intraFreqReselection in MasterInformationBlock message is set to "allowed", the UE may

select another cell on the same frequency if re-selection criteria are fulfilled.

- The UE shall exclude the barred cell as a candidate for cell selection/reselection for 300 seconds.

- If the field intraFreqReselection in MasterInformationBlock message is set to "not allowed" the UE shall
not re-select a cell on the same frequency as the barred cell;

- The UE shall exclude the barred cell and the cells on the same frequency as a candidate for cell
selection/reselection for 300 seconds.

The cell selection of another cell may also include a change of RAT.

5.3.2 Unified access control

The information on cell access restrictions associated with Access Categories and Identities is broadcast
SystemInformationBlockType1 as part of Unified Access Control [3].

The UE shall ignore Access Category and Identity related cell access restrictions for cell reselection. A change of the
indicated access restriction shall not trigger cell reselection by the UE.

The UE shall consider Access Category and Identity related cell access restrictions for NAS initiated access attempts
and RNAU [3].

5.4 Tracking Area registration

In the UE, the AS shall report tracking area information to the NAS.

If the UE reads more than one PLMN identity in the current cell, the UE shall report the found PLMN identities that
make the cell suitable in the tracking area information to NAS.

The NAS part of the location registration process is specified in [9].

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5.5 RAN Area registration

The UE sends a RAN-based notification area update (RNAU) periodically or when the UE selects a cell that does not
belong to the configured RNA.

6 Reception of broadcast information

6.1 Reception of system information

The NAS is informed if the cell selection and reselection results in changes in the received NAS system information.

The UE shall monitor the Paging Occasions (POs) as described in chapter 7.1 to receive System Information change
notifications in RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE. The changes in the system information are notified by the network
using a Paging message or via paging indication. When the Paging message or paging indication notifies system
information changes, then the UE shall re-acquire the concerned system information as specified in [3].

7 Paging

7.1 Discontinuous Reception for paging

The UE may use Discontinuous Reception (DRX) in RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE state in order to reduce power
consumption. The UE monitors one paging occasion (PO) per DRX cycle. A PO is a set of PDCCH monitoring
occasions and can consist of multiple time slots (e.g. subframe or OFDM symbol) where paging DCI can be sent [4].
One Paging Frame (PF) is one Radio Frame and may contain one or multiple PO(s) or starting point of a PO.

In multi-beam operations, the length of one PO is one period of beam sweeping and the UE can assume that the same
paging message is repeated in all beams of the sweeping pattern and thus the selection of the beam(s) for the reception
of the paging message is up to UE implementation. The paging message is same for both RAN initiated paging and CN
initiated paging.

The UE initiates RRC Connection Resume procedure upon receiving RAN paging. If the UE receives a CN initiated
paging in RRC_INACTIVE state, the UE moves to RRC_IDLE and informs NAS.

PF, PO are determined by the following formulae:

SFN for the PF is determined by:

(SFN + PF_offset) mod T = (T div N)*(UE_ID mod N)

Index (i_s), indicating the start of a set of PDCCH monitoring occasions for the paging DCI, is determined by:

i_s = floor (UE_ID/N) mod Ns; where, Ns = max (1, nB/T)

The PDCCH monitoring occasions for paging are determined according to paging-SearchSpace if configured and
according to the default association (i.e. PDCCH monitoring occasions for paging are same as for RMSI as defined in
Section 13 in [4]) otherwise.

For default association, Ns is either 1 or 2. For Ns = 1, there is only one PO which starts in the PF. For Ns = 2, PO is
either in the first half frame (i_s = 0) or the second half frame (i_s = 1) of the PF.

For non-default association (i.e. when paging-SearchSpace is used), the UE monitors the (i_s + 1)th PO where the first
PO starts in the PF.

The following parameters are used for the calculation of PF and i_s above:

T: DRX cycle of the UE (T is determined by the shortest of the UE specific DRX value, if configured by RRC or
upper layers, and a default DRX value broadcast in system information. If UE specific DRX is not
configured by upper layers, the default value is applied)

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nB: number of total paging occasions in T

N: min(T,nB)

PF_offset: offset used for PF determination

UE_ID: IMSI mod 1024

Parameters nB, PF_offset, and the length of default DRX Cycle are signaled in SystemInformationBlock1.

If the UE has no IMSI, for instance when making an emergency call without USIM, the UE shall use as default identity
UE_ID = 0 in the PF and i_s formulas above.

IMSI is given as sequence of digits of type Integer (0..9). IMSI shall in the formulae above be interpreted as a decimal
integer number, where the first digit given in the sequence represents the highest order digit.

For example:

IMSI = 12 (digit1=1, digit2=2)

In the calculations, this shall be interpreted as the decimal integer "12", not "1x16+2 = 18".

Annex <A> (informative):

Void

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Annex <B> (informative):

Change history

Change history
Date Meeting TDoc CR Rev Cat Subject/Comment New
version
3/2017 Initial skeleton 0.0.1
5/2017 Updated initial skeleton 0.0.2
6/2017 Updated based on RAN2#98 agreements 0.0.3
8/2017 Updated based on feedback from companies 0.0.4
10/2017 No changes 0.0.5
11/2017 No changes 0.0.6
01/2018 No changes 0.0.7
01/2018 No changes 0.1.0
02/2018 Updated based on RAN-NR-AH1801 agreements 0.1.1
02/2018 No changes 0.1.2
03/2018 Updated based on RAN#101 agreements 0.2.0
03/2018 RAN#79 RP-180451 Typo corrections; submitted to RAN#79 for information 1.0.0
04/2018 RAN2#101bis R2-1805086 No changes 1.0.1
05/2018 RAN2#102 R2-1806884 Updated based on RAN2#101bis agreements 1.1.0
06/2018 R2-1809262 Updated based on RAN2#102 agreements 1.2.0
06/2018 RAN#80 RP-180694 Submitted to RAN#80 for approval 2.0.0

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