The Dawn of Filipino Nationalism

THE DAWN OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM
 Unification of the Philippines Under Spanish Rule

The country came to be known as Philippines due to her
three centuries of colonial administration.
With the use of the Cross, the natives were pacified.
The reduccion plan of Fr. Juan de Plasencia was
implemented, which required the natives to live in the area
near the church.
Unification of the Philippines Under Spanish Rule
Spain’s political system was gradually introduced into the
country.
Government was highly centralized and for the first time, the
people came to be politically united under the Spanish
Crown.
Barangays were merged to form pueblos, pueblos into
alcaldias, in addition to the ayuntamientos established by
the colonizers. Despite unification, the people started to
nurture resentment and dislike for foreign rule.
EARLY RESISTANCE TO SPANISH RULE
 The integration of the country into the Spanish Empire,
resulted into the implementation of:
taxation without representation
polo y servicio or forced labor
galleon trade
indulto de comercio and
government monopolies
 Government restrictions and control made the people

experience hardships and miseries.
 In effect, they started harboring grievances against the
colonial administrators. They began clamoring for freedom
from foreign control.
 Discontent with Spanish rule was first expressed in the

regional revolts that broke out in the archipelago from 1574
to 1843.
 Majority of the early uprisings were caused by the desire to
regain their lost freedom.
 Examples of revolts under this particular cause were the following:
 Revolt of Rajah Sulayman and Lakan Dula (1574)
 Tondo Conspiracy (1587-1588)
 Revolt of Malong (1660-1661)
 Dagohoy’s Revolt (1744-1829)
 Revolt of Diego Silang (1762-1763)
 Revolt of Palaris (1762-1764)
 Revolt of Rajah Sulayman and Lakan
Dula (1574)
A pact of peace and friendship was
made with Adelantado Legazpi who
promised that Spain would recognize
their patrimonial lands and treat their
people fairly and well.
But he died on August 20, 1572, his successor, Governor Guido de
Lavezaris, confiscated their patrimonial land properties and allowed
the Spanish encomenderos to abuse and oppress their people.
Realizing that Governor Lavezaris could not
drive away Lim-Ah-Hong, who attacked Manila
in December 1574 without the help of
Filipinos, he sent Salcedo and Father Marin to
the war camp of Lakan Dula and Sulayman to
persuade them to lay down their arms and to
promise that all their grievances would be
remedied and those who took up arms would
be pardoned.
Revolt of Rajah Sulayman and
Lakan Dula (1574) Happily, Lavezaris kept his word so peace and
friendship were restored
The mastermind of this
libertarian movement was
Agustin de Legazpi, nephew
of Lakan Dula and son-in-law
of the sultan of Brunei. His
plan was to kill the Spaniards
and set the city of Manila on
fire. He also revealed this to
his first cousin Martin Pangan
who were then given cruel
penalties and were brutally
hanged after their secret
mission reached to Governor
Santiago de Vera.
This revolt was led by Andres
Malong, who led some natives in
Pangasinan to take up arms against
the Spanish government and
proclaimed himself King of
Pangasinan. However his kingdom
was short-lived and soon most of
his forces abandoned him, enabling
the Spanish forces to capture him
The Revolt of Malong (1660-1661) and subsequently executed him.
Later, Juan dela Cruz Palaris, a
native of Binalatongan, led a
renewal of the revolt. The
Spanish authorities reviewed the
demands of the natives and
required the alcalde-mayor of
Pangasinan to resign. The people
of Pangasinan continued their
resistance nonetheless, but they
finally defeated in March, 1764.
The Revolt of Malong (1660-1661)
Father Gaspar Morales ordered his
constable to capture a man who had
abandoned his Christian Religion in the
island of Bohol. Francisco Dagohoy,
brother of the deceased, instigated the
people to rise in arms. Afterwards,
Morales was killed by Dagohoy.
Dagohoy defeated the Spanish-Filipino
forces sent against him. He established a
free government in the mountains and Dagohoy’s Revolt (1744-1829)
had 20,000 followers. Dagohoy being
the leader of the longest
Revolt of Diego Silang (1762-1763)
Diego Silang – one of the greatest heroes of
Ilocandia, roused his people to action and
proclaimed the abolition of the excessive
tribute and forced labor. The Spanish
authorities decided to have him assassinated
since they can’t destroy him by arms. Thus died
Silang, the guiding genius of the Ilocos war of
independence.
On November 3, 1762, with the
Spanish at war with Britain and a
British invasion of the Philippinesin
progress, a Pangasinense leader
named Juan de la Cruz Palaris (also
known as Pantaleon Perez) rebelled
against Spanish imposition of the
tribute. The revolt lasted two years,
spreading across Pangasinan and
Revolt of Palaris (1762-1764) affecting other provinces.
The report ended in 1764, when

Spanish forces along with some
Ilocanos loyal to Spain led by
Manuel de Azar hunted Palaris
down and executed him publicly.
Revolt of Palaris (1762-1764)

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THE DAWN OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM

 Unification of the Philippines Under Spanish Rule

 Government restrictions and control made the people

 Discontent with Spanish rule was first expressed in the

The report ended in 1764, when

Revolt of Palaris (1762-1764)

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