Learning Module in Mathematics 9 (1s Quarter)

August 23-27, 2021

Name: ___________________________________________ Section: _______________

Learning Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
1. To solve quadratic equations by using the quadratic formula.

Pre-Assessment:
Fill in the blanks to make each statement true.
1. If a, b, and c are real numbers, and a ≠ 0, then the general quadratic equation is _______________.

2. The formula x=
−b ± √ b2−4 ac . Is called the ______________ formula.
2a
3. To use the quadratic formula, we begin by writing the equation in ____________.

Overview
Each time we solve a quadratic equation by completing the square, we follow the same procedure. When we have to repeat a process many times,
it often saves time to develop a formula for that process. This formula eliminates the need to perform the same procedure over and over. To do this,
we begin with the standard form of a quadratic equation in one variable, a x 2+ bx+ c=0 , and repeat the process of completing the square using
letters instead of numbers, knowing that a, b, and c represent real numbers, and a ≠ 0.

Discussion
The Quadratic Formula

2
Therefore, the roots of any quadratic equation of the form ax 2
+ bx+ c=0, where a ≠ 0 can be found by: x= −b ± √ b −4 ac . Provided
2a
that the radicand, b 2−4 ac ≥ 0.
Rule: The Quadratic Formula
For all real numbers a, b, and c, with a ≠ 0 , the solution of the quadratic eqaution a x 2+ bx+ c=0 is given by the quadratic formula:
−b ± √ b2−4 ac .
x=
2a
If a quadratic equation is in the form a x 2+ bx+ c=0, you can use the values for a, b, and c to find the soltuion of the equation. That is, you can
find those values of x that will make the equation by using the quadratic formula.
Rememeber that the symbol ± is the easiest way to write the two solutions to the equation. The formula actually means that:
−b+ √b 2−4 ac −b−√ b2 −4 ac .
x= ∧x =
2a 2a

Unless the quantity b 2−4 ac is negative or zero, the graph of y=a x2 +bx +c crosses the x-axis at exactly two points.
Example 1: Quadratic Formula
Use the quadratic formula to solve each equation.
a. 2 x2 −5 x +2=0 b .3 x 2 +5 x=3
Solution:
a. The quadratic equation is in standard form with a=2 , b=−5 ,∧c=2 . Substitute these values into the formula and simplify.
−b ± √ b2−4 ac
x=
2a
−(−5)± √(−5)2 −4 (2)(2)
¿ Substitute 2 for a, -5 for b, and 2 for c.
2(2)
 5± √ 25−16
¿ Simplify
4
5± 9
¿ √ Simplify the radical.
4
5± 3
¿ Simplify the radical
4
5+3 8 5−3 2 1
Split up the ± signs to find the two solutions. x 1= = =2 and x 2= = =
4 4 4 4 2
Check: Substitute the roots 2 and ½ in the original equation.
If x = 2: If x = ½:
1 2 1
2 ( 2 )2−5 ( 2 )+ 2=0 2 () ()
2
−5
2
+ 2=0
1 5
2 ( 4 )−10+2=0 2( )− +2=0
4 2
2 5
8−10+2=0 − +2=0
4 2
2−10
−2+2=0 +2=0
4
−8
0=0 + 2=0
4
−2+2=0
0=0
b. Write the equation in standard form.
3 x 2+5 x=3
3 x 2+5 x−3=0 Subtract 3 from both sides.

Substitute the values a=3 , b=5 ,∧c=−3 into the quadratic formula.
−b ± √ b2−4 ac
x=
2a
−5 ± √(5)2−4 (3)(−3)
x=
2(3)
−5 ± √25+36
x= Simplify
6
−5 ± √61
x= Simplify the radicand.
6
Thus,
−5+ √ 61 −5−√ 61
x 1= ∨x2 = .
6 6
The quadratic formula can be used to solve all quadratic equations, including those for which the factoring method can be used.
A quadratic equation can also have one solution or no real number solution as given in the following examples.

Example 2: Quadratic Formula

Solution:
−b ± √ b2−4 ac
a. x=
2a
−(−12)± √ (−12)2−4( 9)(4)
¿ Substitute 9 for a, -12 for b, and 4 for c.
2( 9)
12± √ 144−144
¿ Simplify
18
12+ √0
¿ Simplify the radical
18
12+ 0
¿ Simplify the radicand.
18
12 2
¿ ∨ Additive Identity
18 3

2
Check: Substitute into the original equation.
3
 9 x 2−12 x+ 4=0
2 2 2
9( ) −12( )+4=0
3 3
4 24
9 ()9
− + 4=0
3
36
−8+ 4=0
9
4−4=0
0=0
2
The only solution is .
3

b. x 2+ 3 x +6=0
−b ± √ b2−4 ac
x=
2a
2
−3 ± √ ( 3 ) −4 ( 1 ) (6 )
¿ Substitute: a=1 ,b=3 ,∧c=6
2 (1)
−3 ± √ 9−24
¿ Simplify
2
−3 ± √−15
¿ Simplify the radicand.
2
Because the square root of a negative number is not defined in the real number system, the equation has no real number solution.

Name: ___________________________________ Section: ____________ Score: ________

NOTE: USE ANOTHER SHEET OF BOND PAPER IF NEEDED.

Pre-Assessment:
1.
2.
3.

ACTIVITY.
Solve each by using the quadratic equation.
1. x 2−7 x−8=0 6. 2 x2 −4 x−3=0
2. x 2−8 x +25=0 7. x 2+ 3=4 x
3. 3 x 2−2 x =5 8. 4 x2 +3=4 x
4. 7 x 2+ x =2 9. 2 x2 −9 x+ 4=0
5. 5 x 2+ 4=4 10. 3 x 2−2 x +2=0

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT.
Answer the following questions.
1. What step must be taken before the quadratic formula can be used to solve 4 x=9−5 x 2 ?
2. When do you use the quadratic formula to solve a quadratic equation?
3. Explain the meaning of the symbol ± symbol.

CLOSURE:
The Quadratic Formula.
For real numbers a, b, and c, with a ≠ 0, the solution of the quadratic equation a x 2+ bx+ c=0 is given by the quadratic formula:
−b ± √ b2−4 ac
x= .
2a
If a quadratic equation is in the form a x 2+ bx+ c=0 , you can use the values for a, b, and c to find the solution of the equation. That is, you can
find those values of x that will make the equation true by using the quadratic formula. Remember the symbol ± is the easiest way to write the two
solutions to the equation.