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This lesson discusses relations and functions. It defines a relation as a set of ordered pairs that shows a relationship between inputs and outputs, while a function is a special type of relation where each input has only one corresponding output. The lesson then covers different types of functions like constant, identity, linear, and absolute value functions. It also discusses inverse functions and how to represent relations through tables, graphs, or mapping diagrams.

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Desa Sarmiento Fabila
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152 views4 pages

MMW

This lesson discusses relations and functions. It defines a relation as a set of ordered pairs that shows a relationship between inputs and outputs, while a function is a special type of relation where each input has only one corresponding output. The lesson then covers different types of functions like constant, identity, linear, and absolute value functions. It also discusses inverse functions and how to represent relations through tables, graphs, or mapping diagrams.

Uploaded by

Desa Sarmiento Fabila
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 6: Relations and Functions

    
1. Overview of the Lesson
1. Relations
2. Functions

2. Learning Outcomes :
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
a. distinguish relations from functions
b. determine the different types of functions
c. classify functions and relations based on examples
     
3. Presentation and Development of the Lesson
Note: a powerpoint presentation will be used in discussing the above topic via Google
meet. Activities and exercises will be given and be submitted via LMS

Relations and Functions” is one of the most important topics in algebra.


Relations and functions – these are the two different words having different meaning
mathematically. You might get confused about their difference. Before we go deeper,
let’s understand the difference between both with a simple example.
An ordered pair, represents as (INPUT, OUTPUT): 
Relation shows the relationship between INPUT and OUTPUT. Whereas
A function is a relation which derives one OUTPUT for each given INPUT.
Note: All functions are relations, but not all relations are functions.
A function is a relation which describes that there should be only one output for
each input. OR we can say that, a special kind of relation(a set of ordered pairs) which
follows a rule i.e every X-value should be associated to only one y-value is called a
Function.

Special Functions in Algebra

There are some of the important functions as follow:

 Constant Function
 Identity Function
 Linear Function
 Absolute Value Function
 Inverse Functions
Constant Function
f(x) = cf(x)=c
The c-value can be any number, so the graph of a constant function is a
horizontal line. Here is the graph of f(x) = 4f(x)=4

Identity Function
f(x) = xf(x)=x
For the identity function, the x-value is the same as the y-value. The graph is a
diagonal line going through the origin.

Linear Function
f(x) = mx + bf(x)=mx+b
An equation written in the slope-intercept form is the equation of a linear
function, and the graph of the function is a straight line.
Here is the graph of f(x)= 3x +4f(x)=3x+4

Absolute Value Function


f(x) = |x|f(x)=∣x∣
The absolute value function is easy to recognize with its V-shaped graph. The
graph is in two pieces and is one of the piecewise functions.

Inverse Functions
An inverse function reverses the inputs with its outputs.
f(x) = 3x - 4f(x)=3x−4
Change the inputs with the outputs to create the inverse of this function.
Not every inverse of a function is a function, so use the vertical line test to check.

What is the Relation?


It is a subset of the Cartesian product. Or simply, a bunch of points(ordered
pairs). Example: {(-2, 1), (4, 3), (7, -3)}, usually written in set notation form with curly
brackets.

Relation Representation

There are other ways too to write the relation, apart from set notation such as
through tables, plotting it on XY- axis or through mapping diagram.

It is a collection of the first values in the ordered pairs (Set of all


Domain
input (x) values).
It is a collection of the second values in the ordered pairs (Set of
Range
all output (y) values).
Example:
In the relation, {(-2, 3), {4, 5), (6, -5), (-2, 3)},
The domain is {-2, 4, 6} and Range is {-5, 3, 5}.
Note: Don’t consider duplicates while writing Domain and Range and also write it
in increasing order. FABILA domain {1, 2, 3, 4} and range {2,3,5,8}

4. Generalization of the Lesson

An ordered pair is a set of inputs and outputs and represents a relationship


between the two values. A relation is a set of inputs and outputs, and a function is a
relation with one output for each input.
A relation is any set of ordered-pair numbers. A function is a relation in which no
two ordered pairs have the same first element.

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