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Arbitrary Constant Solution

1. The document uses Cramer's Rule to solve a differential equation of the form y = x^2 + ae^2x + be^3x by eliminating the arbitrary constants. 2. Taking derivatives, it obtains equations for y' and y'' in terms of x, ae^2x, and be^3x. 3. Cramer's Rule is applied to solve for ae^2x and be^3x, which are then substituted back into the original equation to obtain the solution y" - 5y' + 6y = 6x^2 - 10x + 2.

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Basha World
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110 views3 pages

Arbitrary Constant Solution

1. The document uses Cramer's Rule to solve a differential equation of the form y = x^2 + ae^2x + be^3x by eliminating the arbitrary constants. 2. Taking derivatives, it obtains equations for y' and y'' in terms of x, ae^2x, and be^3x. 3. Cramer's Rule is applied to solve for ae^2x and be^3x, which are then substituted back into the original equation to obtain the solution y" - 5y' + 6y = 6x^2 - 10x + 2.

Uploaded by

Basha World
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

y = ae-x

y = ae -x  (1)
y'' = 4ae 2x + 4be -2x  (3)
Eliminate the arbitrary constants by
taking the derivatives of both sides Using Cramer's Rule

d y' = 2ae 2x - 2be -2x  (2)


(y = ae -x )
dx
y'' = 4ae 2x + 4be -2x  (3)
y' = -ae -x
 2 -2   y' 
y'  4 4    y'' 
a=-  (2)    
e -x
To solve for ae 2x and be -2x
substitute eq. (2) in eq. (1)
 y' -2 
y'  y'' 4 
y = (- -x )e -x  = 4y' - (-2y")
e ae 2x = 
 2 -2  2(4) - 4(-2)
y = -y' 4 4 
 

y' + y = 0 4y' + 2y" 2y' + y"


ae 2x = =
16 8
2. y = ae2x + be-2x
 2 y' 
y = ae 2x  be 2 x  (1)  4 y" 
be -2x =  = 2y" - (4y')
Eliminate the arbitrary constants by  2 -2  16
4 4 
taking the derivatives of both sides twice  
since there are two arbitrary constant.
2y" - 4y' y" - 2y'
be -2x = =
d 16 8
dx
 y = ae 2x  be 2 x 
Substitute ae 2x and be -2x to equation (1)
y' = (2)ae 2x + (-2)be -2x
y = ae 2x  be 2 x  (1)
y' = 2ae 2x - 2be -2x  (2)
2y' + y" y" - 2y'
y= 
d 8 8
dx
 y' = 2ae 2x - 2be -2x 
8y = 2y' + y"  y" - 2y'

y'' = (2)2ae 2x - (-2)2be -2x 8y = 2y"


4y = y" 2y' = 4ae 2x - 4be -2x  (2)
y" = 4ae 2x + 4be -2x  (3)
y" - 4y = 0
________________________________
Using Elimination by Addition and Subtraction y" + 2y' = 4ae 2x + 4ae 2x + 4be -2x - 4be -2x

Multiply equation (1) by 2 and y" + 2y' = 8ae 2x  ( B )


add to equation (2)
To solve the differential equation, multiply eq. (A)
 y = ae  be
2x 2 x
 (1)  x 2 by - 2 then add to eq.(B), then we have

2y = 2ae 2x + 2be -2x  (1)  2y + y' = 4ae 2x  ( A)  x(2)

y' = 2ae 2x - 2be -2x  (2) -4y - 2y' = -8ae 2x  ( A)


y" + 2y' = +8ae 2x  ( B )
2x
2y = 2ae + 2be -2x
 (1) ____________________
y' = 2ae 2x - 2be -2x  (2)
y" - 4y = 0
_______________________________
y + y' = 2ae 2x + 2ae 2x + 2be -2x - 2be -2x

2y + y' = 4ae 2x  ( A)

Multiply equation (2) by 2 and


add to equation (3)

 y' = 2ae 2x - 2be -2x  (2)  x 2

2y' = 4ae 2x - 4be -2x  (2)

y'' = 4ae 2x + 4be -2x  (3)

y = x 2 + ae 2x + be 3x  (1) d
(y = x 2 + ae 2x + be 3x )
Eliminate the arbitrary constants by dx
taking the derivatives of both sides
y' = 2x + 2ae 2x + 3be 3x  (2)

taking the derivatives of both sides once more


y'' = 2 + 4ae 2x + 9be 3x  (3) y" - 5y' + 6y = 6x 2 - 10x + 2

re - writing eq(2) and eq(3) as

y' - 2x = 2ae 2x + 3be 3x  (2)

y'' - 2 = 4ae 2x + 9be 3x  (3)

Using Cramer's Rule

 2 3   y' - 2x 
 4 9    y'' - 2 
   

To solve for ae 2x and be 3x

 y' - 2x 3 
 y'' - 2 9 
ae 2x =  = (y' - 2x)9 - 3(y" - 2)
2 3 2(9) - 4(3)
4 9 
 

9y' - 18x - 3y" + 6 -3y'' + 9y' - 18x + 6


ae 2x = =
6 6

2 y' - 2x 
4 y'' - 2  2(y'' - 2) - 4(y' - 2x)
be 3x = =
2 3 2(9) - 4(3)
4 9 
 

2y'' - 4 - 4y' + 8x 2y'' - 4y' + 8x - 4


be 3x = =
6 6

Substitute ae 2x and be -2x to equation (1)

y = x 2 + ae 2x  be3 x  (1)

-3y" + 9y' - 18x + 6 2 y " 4 y ' 8 x  4


y = x2 + 
6 6

6y = 6x 2 - 3y'' + 9y' - 18x + 6 + 2y" - 4y' + 8x - 4

6y = 6x 2 - y" + 5y' - 10x + 2

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