Immaculada Concepcion College

Of Soldier’s Hills Caloocan City, Inc.

Soldier’s Hills III Subd. Brgy. 180, Tala, North Caloocan City

Name: _________________________________________ Strand and Section: _________________________________

Teacher: _______________________________________ Period cover: ____________________________

Week # 1

LESSON 1: TECHNICAL DRAWING

I. INTRODUCTION
A technical drawing, also known as an engineering drawing, is a detailed, precise diagram or plan that conveys information
about how an object functions or is constructed. Engineers, electricians, and contractors all use these drawings as guides when
constructing or repairing objects and buildings.

II. LESSON OBJECTIVES

A. To determine what is a technical drawing
B. To analyze the function of technical drawing
C. To create a sketch of their own house floor plan

III. PRE- ASSESSMENT

1. what is the difference between artistic drawing and technical drawing?

IV. LESSON CONTENT

A technical drawing, also known as an engineering drawing, is a detailed, precise diagram or plan that conveys information about
how an object functions or is constructed. Engineers, electricians, and contractors all use these drawings as guides when constructing
or repairing objects and buildings.

When you first get an idea for something you want to build you may draw it roughly, without using instruments or accurate scales.
This is called a conceptual sketch.

A conceptual sketch…
– Allows an idea to be expressed quickly in graphic form
– Is prepared free-hand (without drawing instruments)
– Is not done to scale, but it respects the rules of technical drawing as much as possible, and is made roughly
proportional to the object represented.

Technical Drawing
• Serve as a reference to workers, architects or machinists.

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 Immaculada Concepcion College
Of Soldier’s Hills Caloocan City, Inc.
Soldier’s Hills III Subd. Brgy. 180, Tala, North Caloocan City

• When you are ready to design the details, you make a technical drawing, done with more detail and more accuracy.
Difference:
• Sketch: made without drafting tools... Just pencil and paper. Scale is approximate, not accurate, but the sketch should
still look like the object.
• Drawing: made with drafting tools... Ruler set squares, protractor and compass. Scale should be accurate and the
drawing carefully made.

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 Immaculada Concepcion College
Of Soldier’s Hills Caloocan City, Inc.
Soldier’s Hills III Subd. Brgy. 180, Tala, North Caloocan City

Projections
• Perspective projections
• Multi-view projections
• Isometric projection
• Oblique projection

• Now that you have seen how nice perspective drawings can be...
• FORGET ABOUT THEM!
– We hardly ever use perspective projections when doing technical drawing.
– They are too much work, and they don’t show all the details we may need to show.
– Also, they distort both angles and dimensions.
• Leave them for ART class...

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 Immaculada Concepcion College
Of Soldier’s Hills Caloocan City, Inc.
Soldier’s Hills III Subd. Brgy. 180, Tala, North Caloocan City

Oblique Projection
another “simulated” perspective
• Similar to isometric projection, it is also a “simulated perspective”
• In oblique projections, the side of the object facing you is drawn “square”
and accurate (that is with right angles at 90° and its measurements
proportional)
• The sides not facing you are distorted
• Warning: Your workbook calls this oblique perspective, but it is not a true
perspective.

Orthographic Projections
• Orthographic projections “flatten” one view of the object onto a sheet of
paper, while retaining the correct proportions (angles and dimensions)
• Maps are an example of orthographic projection (a top view)
• The trouble with orthographic projections is that one view usually isn’t enough.
• Maps and floor-plans are exceptions, where one top-view is often enough.

Orthographic Projection
(Multi-view)
• Draws an object as it would be seen from several different directions
• The views are “flat”, with all angles shown correctly and all measurements to
scale.

Comparing Projections
• Perspective drawings look nicer when used by an artist, but…
• Isometric, oblique and multi-view drawings give more accurate information
when used in technical drawing.
• Isometric drawings show accurate dimensions, but distorted angles.
• Oblique drawings give accurate dimensions for
one side only.
• Orthographic (multi-view) are the best choice for
most technical drawing.

Scale
• SCALE is the relationship between the measurement of an object drawn on a sheet of paper, and the measurements of the
actual object.
• Often technical drawings are made a different size from the objects they represent.
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 Immaculada Concepcion College
Of Soldier’s Hills Caloocan City, Inc.
Soldier’s Hills III Subd. Brgy. 180, Tala, North Caloocan City

• Scale-reduction is when the drawing is smaller than the actual object

• Scale-increase is when the drawing is larger than the actual object.

Dimensioning
• When a drawing is done to scale, you should label it with its dimensions.
• Use dimension lines to label each dimension, with extensions where necessary
• You should label just enough edges to show all the dimensions, but you don’t need to repeat.
• In Canada (at least for science) dimensions are usually given in millimetres (mm). If you use different
units (cm, in, feet etc.) you need to write the unit. You do not need to write mm if all of your dimensions
are in millimetres.
• Angles can be shown in degrees (°), diameter by Ø, and radius by R

Diagrams
• Diagrams are simplified versions of a drawing. Diagrams show how an object works, not necessarily how it looks.
• Diagrams often use abstract symbols rather than actual pictures to represent things.

A Circuit Diagram
– Doesn’t show what the circuit looks like, but tells an electrician how its all connected.

Diagram of Energy Conversion Unit

– It doesn’t show what the unit looks like, but rather, what it does or how it works.

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 Immaculada Concepcion College
Of Soldier’s Hills Caloocan City, Inc.
Soldier’s Hills III Subd. Brgy. 180, Tala, North Caloocan City

Exploded Views
• A diagram that shows an object “taken apart” is sometimes called an exploded view.

V. PRACTICE
1. Sketch your house floor plan in a whole bond paper.

VI. ENRICHMENT
1. What are the difference of sketch and technical drawing?
2. What is the importance of technical drawing?
3. What is the importance of projection?

VII. EVALUATION
1. Give 3 example of each projection
2. Create a sketch of the ff:
a. Tree
b. House
c. Mountain
d. Car
e. Building

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 Immaculada Concepcion College
Of Soldier’s Hills Caloocan City, Inc.
Soldier’s Hills III Subd. Brgy. 180, Tala, North Caloocan City

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