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Composite Datatypes: Types: PL/SQL Records PL/SQL Tables Contain Internal Components Are Reusable

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Edimarf Satumbo
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72 views

Composite Datatypes: Types: PL/SQL Records PL/SQL Tables Contain Internal Components Are Reusable

Uploaded by

Edimarf Satumbo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Composite Datatypes

• Types:
– PL/SQL RECORDS
– PL/SQL TABLES
• Contain internal components
• Are reusable

1
PL/SQL Records
• Must contain one or more components of
any scalar, RECORD, or PL/SQL TABLE
datatype, called fields
• Are similar in structure to records in a 3GL
• Are not the same as rows in a database
table
• Treat a collection of fields as a logical unit
• Are convenient for fetching a row of data
from a table for processing

2
Creating a PL/SQL Record

Syntax
TYPE type_name IS RECORD
(field_declaration[, field_declaration]…);
identifier type_name;

Where field_declaration is
field_name {field_type | variable%TYPE
| table.column%TYPE | table%ROWTYPE}
[[NOT NULL] {:= | DEFAULT} expr]

3
Creating a PL/SQL Record

Declare variables to store the name, job,


and salary of a new employee.
Example
...
TYPE emp_record_type IS RECORD
(ename VARCHAR2(10),
job VARCHAR2(9),
sal NUMBER(7,2));
emp_record emp_record_type;
...

4
PL/SQL Record Structure

Field1 (datatype) Field2 (datatype) Field3 (datatype)

Example

Field1 (datatype) Field2 (datatype) Field3 (datatype)


empno number(4) ename varchar2(10) job varchar2(9)

5
The %ROWTYPE Attribute

• Declare a variable according to a


collection of columns in a database
table or view.
• Prefix %ROWTYPE with the database
table.
• Fields in the record take their names
and datatypes from the columns of the
table or view.

6
Advantages of Using
%ROWTYPE
• The number and datatypes of the
underlying database columns may not
be known.
• The number and datatypes of the
underlying database column may
change at runtime.
• The attribute is useful when retrieving a
row with the SELECT statement.

7
The %ROWTYPE Attribute
Examples
Declare a variable to store the same
information about a department as it is
stored in the DEPT table.
dept_record dept%ROWTYPE;

Declare a variable to store the same


information about an employee as it is
stored in the EMP table.
emp_record emp%ROWTYPE;

8
PL/SQL Tables

• Are composed of two components:


– Primary key of datatype
BINARY_INTEGER
– Column of scalar or record datatype
• Increase dynamically because they are
unconstrained

9
Creating a PL/SQL Table
Syntax
TYPE type_name IS TABLE OF
{column_type | variable%TYPE
| table.column%TYPE} [NOT NULL]
[INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER];
identifier type_name;

Declare a PL/SQL variable to store a name.


Example
...
TYPE ename_table_type IS TABLE OF emp.ename%TYPE
INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
ename_table ename_table_type;
...

10
PL/SQL Table Structure

Primary key Column


... ...

1 Jones
2 Smith
3 Maduro

... ...

BINARY_INTEGER Scalar

11
Creating a PL/SQL Table
DECLARE
TYPE ename_table_type IS TABLE OF emp.ename%TYPE
INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
TYPE hiredate_table_type IS TABLE OF DATE
INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
ename_table ename_table_type;
hiredate_table hiredate_table_type;
BEGIN
ename_table(1) := 'CAMERON';
hiredate_table(8) := SYSDATE + 7;
IF ename_table.EXISTS(1) THEN
INSERT INTO ...
...
END;

12
Using PL/SQL Table Methods

The following methods make PL/SQL


tables easier to use:
• EXISTS • NEXT
• COUNT • EXTEND
• FIRST and LAST • TRIM
• PRIOR • DELETE

13
PL/SQL Table of Records
• Define a TABLE variable with the
%ROWTYPE attribute.
• Declare a PL/SQL variable to hold
department information.
Example
DECLARE
TYPE dept_table_type IS TABLE OF dept%ROWTYPE
INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
dept_table dept_table_type;
-- Each element of dept_table is a record

14

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