Define what are these tools and describe how these two tools affect the
performance of an organization.
BASIC
1. 5S – to arrange work areas, preserve rules and expectations, and maintain order, use a systematized
method. It makes use of strategies for workplace management and task minimization.
Seiri (Sort) – Take out unnecessary items and dispose
Seiton (Sytematize) – Arrange necessary items in good order
Seiso (Sweep) – Clean your workplace
Seiketsu (Sanitize) – Maintain high standard of housekeeping
Shitsuke (Self-discipline) – Do things without being told or ordered
2. Quality Circle - implies the formation of a firm's employees from the same company who are tasked
with identifying problems and proposing solutions to work-related difficulties.
3. Suggestion Scheme - a deliberate technique to eliciting new ideas and solutions. It encourages active
involvement by promoting two-way dialogue between management and employees, in which good ideas
are acknowledged and rewarded. Grievances, negotiating, and policy concerns, on the other hand, are not
among the suggested subjects.
4. Practical IE - provides basic but comprehensive approaches for analyzing operations, processes, and
integrated systems with the goal of increasing efficiency, effectiveness, and economy, as well as
highlighting errors.
Method study – systematic examination of doing work in order to develop and apply easier and
more effective methods and reduce costs
Work measurement – used to obtain time data for method study and establish standard time to
perform tasks
5. Quality Management - an technique to ensuring that a good or service is supplied in the required
quality. Inspection, quality management, and quality enhancement are all covered.
6. Inventory Management - approach to overseeing and controlling the ordering, storage, and usage of
supplies, materials, components, and other things used in the creation of goods and services by the
company.
7. Energy Conservation – reducing energy consumption through using less of an energy service.
8. Value Analysis/Value Engineering – an technique to increasing the value of an item or process by
first determining the object's functions and their value, then identifying its constituent components and
their costs. It then looks for ways to enhance the components, either by lowering their cost or improving
the value of their functions.
9. Productive Maintenance – a proactive maintenance strategy that views maintenance to be a
productive activity that should be the responsibility of every unit in the company. It seeks to reduce
significant losses in equipment effectiveness, such as setup time, breakdown, speed losses, and waiting
time, among other things. All levels of the company must work together to ensure that the equipment and
physical facilities are in good working order.
10. Knowledge Management - is an integrated strategy to generating, sharing, and using knowledge in
order to improve productivity, profitability, and growth.
11. Ergonomics - Making greater use of human capacities (economize movements) and protecting
employees from dangers and other poor working circumstances that harm their health and productivity
12. Green Procurement- Purchasing products and services that cause minimal adverse environmental
impacts. It incorporates human health and environmental concerns into the search for high quality
products and services at competitive prices.
ADVANCED
1. ICT/Digital Era Government/ E-Government — involves the use of digital technology and the
conversion of manual system into computer files to automate data and transaction processing, reducing or
eliminating manual effort and intervention that can be corrupted.
2. Shared Services – a method for “moving out” important support activities from separate units and
“concentrating” them to increase cost efficiency, service levels, and responsiveness.
3. Re-engineering - entails a strategic assessment, analysis, and redesign of a company's structure,
workflows, and processes in order to improve efficiency, effectiveness, and economy.
4. Total Quality Management and Business Excellence — a quality-focused management strategy
based on all members' participation and aimed at continuously increasing performance over time by
concentrating on consumers while fulfilling the requirements of all stakeholders.
5. Lean Management - is a management concept that aims to increase customer / client value by
eliminating inefficient activities and practices.
6. Operations Research - mathematical and scientific approaches are used in operations research to find
optimum or near-optimal solutions to complicated decision-making problems:
Optimization in mathematics
Studies on queues
Simulation
Econometric research
Data envelopment analysis (DEA)
