A0 Limit State Design of Steei Structures
able 12i Limiting Width to Thickness Ratio SA
Class of Section
Rao Class 1 Class 2 Class
| Conipression element
Plastic Comp.ct Seni Cornpact
w vwowramovaano.
www.s
9.42 10.5e 157e
Outstanding element of Rolled section
compression flange Welded section 8.4e 9.4e 3.65
CompresSIUn due b 29.3e 33.5e
to bending
Internal element of
compression flange Axial compressionblr Not applicable 422
83.9e 104.8e 125.9E
Neutral axis at mid-depth
84e 104.8E
Web of an 1-H-or Ifris negative 1+r1 1+
box section 104.8e 1259
Gencrally lf r is negative but s 40e
1+1.5 1
but 40e but 40e
Not applicable
| Axial conmpressi1On
42E 42E i42E
Web of a channel d
9.4e 10.5e
Angle, compression due to bending 9.4e 10.5e 15.3
(Both criteria should be satisfied,
with tho
Single angie, double angles
or
Not applicable
co.nonents separated, axial compression
three criteria should be satisfied)
(All
Outsta:ding leg of an angle in contact
in ouble angle member 9.48 10.5e
| back-to-back a
with its back
Outstanding leg of an angle
contact with anotl:er component
in continuous 8.4e 9.4e
cut from a
Stem of a T-section, roiled or
rolled I-or H-section
52 403
hollow tube, including
welded tube 42
Circular
subjected to:
(a) Moment Not applicable
(b) axial compression
duc to
Circular hollow section | Compression 42E 52e
bending
comprCSsion
Hol-rolled rectangular |Flauge: 29.3e 33.5e
hollow section (RHS) duc to bending
Web: neutral axis at
67.1e 84e
mid-depth 64e/(1 + 84e(1
Generally 0.6 r)
buts40e buts40s
*****
totes be taken as slender cross sections
limits aie to
1. Elements wlhiclh cxcced semi-compact
2. 6-(2501/" when dit > 67e where,
b is the
with 8,4,2 of IS800: 2007
accordance
3. Check wcbs for shear buckling in between lateral support
and
as chear distance
between lateral supports or
the element (may be taken outer diameter
widh of the depth of the web, D
is the
thickness of element, d is
free edge, as appropriate), r is the Table Contd.)
of the element.
780 Limit State
Design of Steel Structures
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Appendices 781
HO
O 39
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T82 Limit State Design of Steel Structures
/ 93393
aYSA
782 Limit State Design of Steel Structures
saegras
N
aVSA
"TIAS
IS800: 20o
GE
BEARING
STIFFENER AND PANELA
PANELA
END POSTT
NOTES
in 8.4.2.2(6).
1 Panel A is designed utilízing tension ficld action as given
tension field action as given in 8.4.2.2(6). to 25
M as
2 Panel B is designed utilizing loads due to bearing and
a moment equal
combination of compressive
stiffener and end post is designed for
Bearing
3given in 8.5.3. (SINGLE STIFFENER)
USING TENSION FIELD ACTION
Fio. 13 END PaNEL DESIGNED
END POST
BEARING
STIFFENER
PANELA PANELA
NOTES
tension field action as given in 8.4.2.2(6).
1 Panel A is designed utilizing to bearing given in 8.4.2.2(a).
as
for compressive force due
2 Bearing stilener is designed
and as given in 8.5.3.
M,
horizontal shear R, moment
3 End post is designed for
STIFFENER)
USING TENSION FLELD ACTION (DoUBLE
FIG. 14 END PANEL DEsIGNED
Girders with Solid
longitudinal edges),
8.6 Design of Beams and Plate
Webs
1) when 3d 2 c2d
8.6.1 Minimum Web Thickness 200 e
satisíy the
The thickness of the web in a section shall when 0.74 ds c<d
2)
following requirements
8.6.1.1 Serviceability requirement s200
a) When transverse stiffeners are not provided,
3) when c<d
200E (web connected to flanges along
270
considered
both longiudinal edges) 4) when c> 3d, the web shall be
as unstiffened,
s90E (web connected to flanges along c) When transverse stiffeners and longitudinal
stiffeners at one level only are provided
one longitudinal edge only) (0.2 d from compression flange) according
b) When only transverse stiffeners are provided to 8.7.13 (a)
flanges along both
in webs connected to
63
IS:Ke0:2007
S= yield stress of compression
I)when2.4d2 c2
flange
s250 8.6,2 Sectional Properties
2) when 0.74 dscsd, 8.6.2.1 The effective sectional area of compression
with deductions for
flanges sha!! be thégross area
250 for
excessive width of plates as specified compression
(see Section 7) andfor open holes occurring
3)whenc<0.74 d members of stress at
in a plane perpendicular to the direction
the section being considered (see 8.2.1.4).
340
d. When a second longitudinal stiffener (located Theeffectivesectional area of tension flanges shall be
the gross sectional area with déductions for hols
as
at neutral axis is provided) specified in 8.2.1.4.
The effective sectional area for parts in shear shall be
S400w
taken as specified in 8.4.1.1.
where S.6.3 Flanges
d depth of the web; 8.6.3.1 In rivcted or boltedconstruction,flange angles
hickness ofihe web," shall form as large a part of the area of the. flange as
= spacing practicable (preférablý not Iessthan one-third) and the
of transversçtiffener number of flange platesshall bë kept to a minimum:
(seeFig.12 and Fig. 13), .
In exposed situations,where flange anglès are used, at
E=yiceld stress rätio ofweb = 20 leut one plate of the top flange shall extend over the
. . . full length of the girder,unlessthe top edge of the web
and is machined flush with the flange angles. Where two
or more flange plates are used, tacking rivets shall be
yw yicld stress of the web.
provided, ifnecessary to comply'with the requirements
8.6.1.2 Compression flange buckling requirement of Section 10.
Eachflange plate shall extendbeyond its theoretical
In order to avoid buckling ofthecompressionflange into
cut-off point, and the extension shallcontain sufficient
the web, the web thickness shállsatisfy the following:
rivets, bolts or welds to develop in the plate, the load
a) When transverse stiffencrs arc not provided calculated for the bending moment on the girder section
(taken to include the curtailed plate) at the theoretiçal
s3456 cut-off point.
The outstand of flange plates, that is the projection
b)When transversc stiffenersare providedand
beyond the outer line of connections to lange angles,
1) when c21.5 d channel or joist flanges or in the cse of welded
constructions their projectiont beyond the face of the
S345e web or tonguc plate, shall not éxceed the values given
in 3.7.2 (see Table 2).
2) when c< 1.5d In the case of box girders, the thickness of any plate,
or the aggregate thickness of two or more plates, when
s345t these plates are tacked together to form the flange, shall
satisfy the requirements given in 3.7.2 (see Table 2).
where
8.6.3.2 Flange splices
d. dcpth of the web,
thickness of the web, Flange splices should preferably, not be located at
spacing of transverse stiffener points of maximum stress. Where splice plates are
used, their area shall be not less than 5 pércent in cxcess
(see Fig. 12 and Fig. 13),
of the arca of ae flange clement spliccd; their centre
yicld stress ratio of web
250 of gravity shall coincide, as hearly as possible, with
E =
that of the clement spliced. There shall be enough bolts,
rivets or welds on each side of the splice to develop
and
64
sections (IS : 800, Table 10)
class of cross
-
Table 5.4 Buckling Buckliag
Buckling
Limitss class
Cross section about axis
a
2-2
tr 40 mm
Rolled I-Section h/br> 1.2 b
y-y
z-Z b
mm < tr< l00 mm
4
C
y-y
Z-Z
b
tr 100 mm
h/br 1.2:
C
y-y
z-Z d
tr>100mm
d
b y-y
Z-Z b
t . 40 mm
WeldedI - section
C
y-y
Z-Z C
t>40 mm
z h Z y-y d
D
Structural Design-I (Steel)
252
