Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing
Cloud computing can be compared to the supply of electricity and gas, or the provision of telephone,
television and postal services. All of these services are presented to the users in a simple way that is
easy to understand without the users needing to know how the services are provided. This simplified view
is called an abstraction. Similarly, cloud computing offers computer application developers and users an
abstract view of services that simplifies and ignores much of the details and inner workings. A provider's
offering of abstracted Internet services is often called "The Cloud".
The user's IP address, for example, can be used to establish where the user is located
(geolocation). DNS services can then direct the user to a cluster of servers that are close to the user so
the site can be accessed rapidly and in the user's local language. Users do not log in to a server, but they
log in to the service they are using by obtaining a session id or a cookie, which is stored in their browser.
Network-based access to, and management of, commercially available (i.e., not custom) software
Activities that are managed from central locations rather than at each customer's site, enabling
customers to access applications remotely via the Web
Application delivery that typically is closer to a one-to-many model (single instance, multi-tenant
architecture) than to a one-to-one model, including architecture, pricing, partnering, and management
characteristics
Centralized feature updating, which obviates the need for downloadable patches and upgrades
Platform
Cloud platform services or "Platform as a Service (PaaS)" deliver a computing platform and/or solution
stack as a service, often consuming cloud infrastructure and sustaining cloud applications.[38] It facilitates
deployment of applications without the cost and complexity of buying and managing the underlying
hardware and software layers.[39][40]
Infrastructure
Cloud infrastructure services, also known as "Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)",
delivers computer infrastructure – typically a platform virtualization environment – as a service. Rather
than purchasing servers, software, data-center space or network equipment, clients instead buy those
resources as a fully outsourced service. Suppliers typically bill such services on a utility computing basis
and amount of resources consumed (and therefore the cost) will typically reflect the level of activity. IaaS
evolved from virtual private server offerings.[41]
Cloud infrastructure often takes the form of a tier 3 data center with many tier 4 attributes, assembled
from hundreds of virtual machines.
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