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LEARNING RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT SECTION
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SELF-LEARNING KIT
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INFORMATION
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II
ENGLTECHNOLOGYSH AT METRIC
COMPUTER SISTEMA
DALAWANG NETWORKNG
CONCEPTS
PANUKAT

WRITER/BOOK DESIGNER: JORIEL J. CRUZ

EVALUATORS: MARY ANN S. VALDEZ/EMELITA G. PAGUIO Grade 9
 Book Record
School: _____________________________________________________________
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Issued to Date Date

(Name of Teacher) Issued Condition Returned Condition

To the Teacher
Write your name clearly under the column “Issued to.” Use the following letters
in recording the condition of the book:
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 Computer Network Concepts

SELF-LEARNING KIT
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY
COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING NC II

SETTING-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS (SUCN)

COMPUTER NETWORK CONCEPTS

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 This Self-Learning Kit was conceptualized and developed by the
LEARNING RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT SECTION (LRMDS)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BATAAN

ROMEO M. ALIP, PhD, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

ROLAND M. FRONDA, EdD, CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

MILAGROS M. PEÑAFLOR, PhD

Chief Education Supervisor, CID

EDGAR E. GARCIA
Education Program Supervisor, LRMDS
ROSITA P. SERRANO JOAN T. BRIZ RICHARD M. ALBORO
Librarian II Project Development Officer II Information Technology Officer II

MARLON Q. DIEGO OMAR S. MANALANSAN KENNETH G. DOCTOLERO JOVANNI B. BELMONTE

Lead Illustrator Lead Book Designer Lead Book Designer Lead Illustrator
Learning Resource Evaluators
EMELITA G. PAGUIO
ANNE MARIE R. SEÑORA-BONIFACIO, EdD
DONNA T. SANTOS-VILLANUEVA, MAEd
CATHREN DANICA E. RICAPLAZA
MARIO E. DOJILLO JR.
MARY ANN S. VALDEZ

COPYRIGHT NOTICE
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This Self-Learning Kit was conceptualized and developed by the Learning Resources Management and Development Section
of the Department of Education Region III – Schools Division of Bataan. It can be reproduced, used, copied, printed or reprinted for
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PRINTING AND REPRODUCTION MADE POSSIBLE THROUGH THE

SPECIAL EDUCATION FUND (SEF) OF THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT OF BATAAN
AND THE DEDICATED LEADERSHIP OF
HON. GOVERNOR ALBERT RAYMOND S. GARCIA
 Computer Network Concepts

PREFACE

This self-learning kit (SLK) contains learning materials and activities about Computer
Network Concepts under Lesson 9 SETTING-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS (SUCN). For this SLK,
the choice of which router to deploy is determined by the ethernet interfaces that match
the technology of the switches at the center of the LAN. It is important to note that routers
offer many services and features to the LAN. Each LAN will have a router as its gateway
connecting the LAN to other networks. Inside the LAN will be one or more hubs or switches
to connect the end devices to the LAN. Computer networks are everywhere. They can be
seen in homes, school, business establishments and others. It is hard to do anything with
data that does not involve a network. Like computer networks, humans tend to always
share information and resources with each other.

This self-learning kit will help you to understand the significance of computer network
and how to plan your computer network routes in accordance with network design and
actual installation site. When you have the basic understanding of networks and what they
can do, it will help you to begin working with them. Importantly, this will be your preparation
for the next competency.

Here are some general reminders in using and taking care of the SLK materials.
1. Do not write anything in this material.
2. Do not tear any part of the SLK material.
3. Do not fold any page of the SLK material.
4. Make sure your hands are clean before using the SLK material.
5. Return the SLK material to your teacher after using it.

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Self-Learning Kit in Information and Communications Technology (CSS NC II)

OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, with at least 80% level of proficiency, you should able to:
1. identify the devices used in computer network;
2. appreciate the importance of computer network concept through an essay; and
3. illustrate a computer network that shows LAN and WAN getting connected by drawing
it.

LEARNING COMPETENCIES

LO 1 Install network cable. TLE_IACSS912SUCN-IVa-j-33

1.1 Plan cable routes in accordance with network design and actual installation site.
1.2 Determine cable routes in accordance with network design and actual installation site.

WHAT DO YOU KNOW?

To begin with the lesson,let us first check your knowledge about network devices by
answering this activity. You may start now!

Activity: Identification

Identify the name of the network devices used in the illustration. Choose your
answers from the box provided below and write it in your answer sheet.

Switch Modem Clients Wireless Router

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 Computer Network Concepts

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW?

Planning Cable Routes

Networking computers first and tracking the connections later can quickly become
confusing and unmanageable as you try to find which computer communicates with and
shares resources with which other computers. In your human network, do you share everything
with your friends? In your family network, would you want your parents or guardians to
know your every thought? You have your information-sharing plan in your head, and it is
important to keep track of it so you don’t make a mistake and share something where it
was not intended.

Similar concerns must be considered while designing a computer network. Before

you even connect your first computers together, you should have a plan. A network plan,
therefore, is a formally created product that shows all the network’s components and the
planned connections between them. Such a plan is also used to manage the various types
of information. Your plan should show what types of information are stored where, and who
is allowed to use each type.

Definition of Terms
Network- is a collection of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices,
peripherals, or other devices connected to one another to allow the sharing of
data.
Route- refers to the path a data packet travels on a network.
LAN (Local Area Network) -a computer network that links devices within a building
or group of adjacent buildings.
WAN (Wide Area Network) -a computer network in which the computers
connected may be far apart, generally having a radius of half a mile or more.
UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair)- is a 100-ohm copper cable that consists of 2 to 1800
unshielded twisted pairs surrounded by an outer jacket.
NIC (Network Interface Card) - is a hardware component without which a
computer cannot be connected over a network.
EIA/TIA- Electronics Industry Alliance/Telecommunications Industry Association

Choosing the Appropriate LAN Devices

1. Hub- is basically a multiport repeater. A Hub connects

multiple Ethernet devices together, making them act as a single
segment. A hub connects multiple wires coming from different
branches, for example, the connector in star topology which
connects different stations.
2. Switch - is a multi-port bridge with a buffer and a design that
can boost its efficiency (large number of ports imply less traffic)
and performance. Switch is data link layer device. A switch is
used to connect various network segments. A network switch is
a small hardware device that joins multiple computers together
within one local area network (LAN).

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Self-Learning Kit in Information and Communications Technology (CSS NC II)

3. Routers - is a device like a switch that routes data packets

based on their IP addresses. Router is mainly a Network Layer
device. Routers normally connect LANs and WANs together and
have a dynamically updating routing table based on which
they make decisions on routing the data packets. Router divide
broadcast domains of hosts connected through it.
4. Access Point- is a device, such as a wireless router, that allows
wireless devices to connect to a network. Most access points
have built-in routers, while others must be connected to a router
in order to provide network access. The only difference between
access point and router is the WAN port. Access point does not
have WAN port.
5. Modem- is a device or program that enables a computer
to transmit data over, for example, telephone or cable lines.
Computer information is stored digitally, whereas information
transmitted over telephone lines is transmitted in the form of
analog waves.
6. Patch Panel- A patch panel in a local area network (LAN)
is a mounted hardware assembly that contains ports used to
connect and manage incoming and outgoing LAN cables.

7. Network Racks- Patch panels are usually attached to network

racks, either above or below network switches and take up 1.75
inches of space.

8.Punch down tool- also called a krone tool, is a hand tool used
to connect telecommunications and network wires to a patch
panel, punch down block, keystone module, or surface mount
box.
9. UTP Cable- UTP stands for Unshielded Twisted Pair cable.
UTP cable is a 100 ohm copper cable that consists of 2 to 1800
unshielded twisted pairs surrounded by an outer jacket. They
have no metallic shield. This makes the cable small in diameter
but unprotected against electrical interference.

10. Fiber Optic Cable- is a network cable that contains strands

of glass fibers inside an insulated casing. They’re designed
for long distance, high-performance data networking and
telecommunications.
11. LAN Network Testers- A cable tester is an electronic device
used to verify the electrical connections in a signal cable or other
wired assembly. Basic cable testers are continuity testers that
verify the existence of a conductive path between ends of the
cable, and verify the correct wiring of connectors on the cable.

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 Computer Network Concepts

Device Selection Factors

To meet user requirements, a LAN needs to be planned and designed. Planning ensures
that all requirements, cost factors and deployment options are given due consideration.
When selecting a device for a particular LAN, there are a number of factors that need to
be considered. These factors include, but are not limited to:
•Cost
•Speed and Types of Ports/Interfaces
•Expandability
•Operating System Features
Cost
The cost of a switch is determined by its capacity and features. The switch capacity
includes the number and types of ports available and the switching speed. Other factors
that impact the cost are its network management capabilities, embedded security
technologies, and optional advanced switching technologies.

Speed and Types of Ports/Interfaces

The need for speed is ever-present in a LAN environment. Newer computers with built-
in 10/100/1000 Mbps NICs are available. Choosing Layer 2 devices that can accommodate
increased speeds allows the network to evolve without replacing the central devices. When
selecting a switch, choosing the number and type of ports is a critical decision.

Expandability
Networking devices, such as routers and switches, come in both fixed and modular
physical configurations. Fixed configurations have a specific number and type of ports or
interfaces. Modular devices have expansion slots that provide the flexibility to add new
modules as requirements evolve. Most modular devices come with a basic number of
fixed ports as well as expansion slots. Since routers can be used for connecting different
numbers and types of networks, care must be taken to select the appropriate modules and
interfaces for the specific media.

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Self-Learning Kit in Information and Communications Technology (CSS NC II)

Operating System Features

Depending on the version of the operating system, the router can support certain
features and services such as:
• Security
• Quality of Service (QoS)
• Voice over IP (VoIP)
• Routing multiple Layer 3 protocols
• Special services such as Network Address Translation (NAT) and Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP).

For the selection of devices, the budget is an important consideration. Routers can
be expensive based on interfaces and features needed. Additional modules, such as fiber-
optics, can increase the costs. The media used to connect to the router should be supported
without needing to purchase additional modules. This can keep costs to a minimum.

LAN and WAN - Getting Connected

When planning the installation of LAN cabling, there are four physical areas to consider:
• Work area
• Telecommunications room, also known as the distribution facility
• Backbone cabling, also known as vertical cabling
• Distribution cabling, also known as horizontal cabling

Horizontal Cabling
Horizontal cabling refers to the cables connecting the telecommunication rooms
with the work areas. The maximum length for a cable from a termination point in the
telecommunication room to the termination at the work area outlet must not exceed 90
meters. This 90 meter maximum horizontal cabling distance is referred to as the permanent
link because it is installed in the building structure. The horizontal media runs from a patch
panel in the telecommunications room to a wall jack in each work area. Connections to
the devices are made with patch cables.

Backbone Cabling
Backbone cabling refers to the cabling used to connect the telecommunication
rooms to the equipment rooms, where the servers are often located. Backbone cabling also
interconnects multiple telecommunications rooms throughout the facility. These cables are
sometimes routed outside the building to the WAN connection or ISP.

Backbones, or vertical cabling, are used for aggregated traffic, such as traffic to and
from the Internet and access to corporate resources at a remote location. A large portion
of the traffic from the various work areas will use the backbone cabling to access resources
outside the area or facility. Therefore, backbones typically require high bandwidth media
such as fiber-optic cabling.

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 Computer Network Concepts

Illustrations of LAN and WAN being connected

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

REMEMBER

To successfully install computer networks, it is important to consider the

factors in selecting network devices, have all the necessary devices and plan your
LAN cabling areas before starting computer network installation.

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Self-Learning Kit in Information and Communications Technology (CSS NC II)

WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNED?

Did you learn something from your lesson today?

Alright! Let us now have your activities to check if you really understood your
lesson. Are you ready?

Activity 1. Identification
Identify the names of the following devices based from what you have learned. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1.___________________

2. _________________

3.__________________

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 Computer Network Concepts

4. _____________________

5. ____________________

6. ___________________

7. ____________________

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Self-Learning Kit in Information and Communications Technology (CSS NC II)

8. ____________________

9. ____________________

10. _________________

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 Computer Network Concepts

ACTIVITY 2: Essay Writing

Write a 100-word essay about your answer to the question “Why it is important to
understand the different concepts of network?” Your essay will be graded based on the
rubric below.

Rubric for Activity #2

 
Needs
Above Average
CRITERIA Improvement Developing (2) Sufficient (4)
(5)
(1)
Clarity The purpose The central The central The central
(Content of the student purpose of the purpose of the purpose of the
supported work is not student work is student work student work
by relevant well-defined. identified. is clear and is clear and
information and Central ideas Ideas are ideas are almost supporting
ideas.) are not focused generally always focused ideas always
to support the focused in in a way that are always
topic. Thoughts a way that supports the well-focused.
appear supports the topic. Rele- Details are
disconnected. topic. vant details relevant, enrich
illustrate the the work.
author’s ideas.
Organization Information and Information Information Information
(Sequencing of ideas are poor- and ideas are and ideas are and ideas are
elements/ideas) ly sequenced presented in presented presented
(the author an order that in a logical in a logical
jumps around). the audience sequence which sequence
The audience can follow with is followed by which flows
has difficulty minimum the reader with naturally and is
following the difficulty. little or no diffi- engaging to the
thread of culty. audience.
thought.

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Self-Learning Kit in Information and Communications Technology (CSS NC II)

Activity 3. Drawing

Draw a computer network that shows LAN and WAN getting connected and label it
properly. Use the illustration below as your guide. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

Congratulations! Job well done!

You completed all the activities in this learning kit. That means you already learned
the computer network concepts. You can now proceed to the next Self-Learning Kit.

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17
WHAT DO YOU KNOW?
Activity Page 6
1. Modem
2. Router
3. Clients
4. Switch
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW?
Activity 1. Page 12-14
1. switch
2. Router
3. Access Point
4. Modem
5. Hub
6. Cable Tester
7. Fiber Optics
8. Patch Panel
9. Punch down tool
10. UTP cable
Activity 2. Page 15
Refer to the rubric in page 15.
Activity 3. Page 16
ANSWER KEY
Computer Network Concepts
Self-Learning Kit in Information and Communications Technology (CSS NC II)

SELF-ASSESSMENT

FIRST TRY SECOND TRY THIRD TRY

SCORE SCORE SCORE

RUBRICS OF LEARNING
SCORE SCORE SCORE DESCRIPTORS REMARKS
1-5 1 - 10 1 - 15

4-5 9 -10 13-15 Excellent!

3 6-8 9-12 Good

2 4-5 5-8 Fair

1 1 -3 1-4 Start Again

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 Computer Network Concepts

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to thank God for guiding me to complete this self-learning kit
with success. Then, I would like to thank our LRMDS supervisor, Mr. Edgar E. Garcia and our
school principal, Mrs. Felisa C. Bravo who gave me the opportunity to do this project, and to
our assistant school principal of Senior High School, Soledad V. Llarina, who is always there
to support me.

Furthermore, I would also like to acknowledge with much appreciation the crucial
role of the LRMDS training staff for sharing their knowledge and expertise to successfully
complete this Self Learning Kit, special thanks to Mr. Emmanuel S. Gimena Jr., who gave me
advice and suggestions.

Last but not least, I would also like to thank my wife, Maria Anya Godiva V. Cruz for
always motivating and encouraging me in all my endeavors
.
REFERENCES

Photographs and Images

“6 Core Single Mode Fiber Optical Cable With 6.2 mm Overall Diameter And 220 V Voltage.”
Indianmart, Accessed July 23, 2019, https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/6-core-fiber-optical-ca-
ble-14933896488.html
“Cabo de Rede Ethernet 20 Metros.” Submarino, Accessed July 23, 2019 ,https://www.submari-
no.com.br/produto/30543706/cabo-de-rede-ethernet-20-metros
“Structured Cabling System Basics”,Cables-Solution, Accessed July 23, 2019, http://www.ca-
bles-solutions.com/backbone-cabling-vs-horizontal-cablingbackbone-cabling-vs-horizontal-cabling.
html
“Tripp Lite 25U 2-Post Open Frame Rack, Network Equipment Rack, 800 lb. Capacity (SR2POST25).”
Amazon, Accessed July 23, 2019, https://www.amazon.com/Tripp-Lite-Equipment-Capacity-SR2POST25/
dp/B001ER6D9U

Website Content
A Medium Corporation.” Wireless Access Point vs. Wireless Router” Last modified August 16,2017.
https://medium.com/@Meela349588204/wireless-access-point-vs-wireless-router-8fc36e14b
ComputerHope.” Network” Last modified November 13, 2018. https://www.computerhope.com/
jargon/n/network.htm
ComputerHope.” Punch down tool” Last modified April 26, 2017. https://www.computerhope.
com/jargon/p/punch-down-tool.htm
ComputerHope.” Route” Last modified November 17,2017. https://www.computerhope.com/
jargon/r/route.htm
Fosco.” What Is Unshielded-Twisted-Pair (UTP) Cable” Accessed July 23, 2019. https://www.fiber-
optics4sale.com/blogs/archive-posts/95046918-what-is-unsielded-twisted-pair-utp-cable
GeeksforGeeks.” Network Devices.” Accessed July 23,2019. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/net-
work-devices-hub-repeater-bridge-switch-router-gateways/
HighTeck.”Planning and Cabling Networks.” Accessed July 23, 2019. http://www.highteck.net/
EN/Cabling/Planning_and_Cabling_Networks.html
Lifewire.” The Role of Fiber Optic Cables in Computer Networking” Last modified June 28,2019.
https://www.lifewire.com/fiber-optic-cable-817874
TechTerms.“Access Point.”Last modified August 11, 2009. https://techterms.com/definition/ac-
cesspoint
TechTarget. “Intranet” Last modified July 2019. https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/intranet
TechTarget. “Patch Panel” Last modified August 2016. https://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/
definition/patch-panel
University of Notre Dame.” Introducing Basic Network Concepts.” Accessed July 23, 2019. https://
www3.nd.edu/~cpoellab/teaching/cse40814_fall14/networks.pdf
Webopedia.”modem” Accessed July 23, 2019. https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/modem.
html
19
 COMPUTER NETWORK CONCEPTS

This topic includes the learning outcomes required in installing computer

networks, computer network concepts, planning and determining cable routes.
It consists of the competencies in planning and determining cable routes in
accordance with network design and actual installation site.

This learning material is your guide for you to learn more about computer
network concepts. It is also a requirement to proceed in the next learning competency.

C O N T E NT DE VE LO P E RS

WRITER/BOOK DESIGNER: JORIEL J. CRUZ, Finished his baccalaureate course at Bataan

Peninsula State University with the degree of Bachelor in Secondary Education major
in Physical Science. He is currently holding National Certificate II in Computer Systems
Servicing, National Certificate III in Visual Graphics Design and earned his Trainers
Methodology Certificate I at Manila International Skills Academy. He is currently a
teacher in Samal National High School- Senior High School, teaching ICT subjects,
Computer Systems Servicing and Science.

EVALUATOR: MARY ANN S. VALDEZ She is a graduate of Bachelor of Secondary

Education major in Mathematics at Bataan Polytechnic State College, year 2002. She
earned her units in Master of Arts in Education major in Mathematics at Bataan Peninsula
State University - Main Campus and is currently taking up Master of Arts in Education
major in Educational Management at Gordon College – Institute of Graduate Studies
in Olongapo City. She is presently a teacher at Nagbalayong National High School
and is a Learning Resource Evaluator for LRMDS-Bataan.

EVALUATOR: EMELITA G. PAGUIO Graduated with the degree Bachelor of Secondary

Education, major in English at Tomas del Rosario College. She has 33 units in MAEd-
Educational Management and complete academic requirements in MAEd-Language
Education. She taught for three years in private schools in Balanga City and 13 years
in Nagbalayong NHS in Morong. Presently, she serves as Assistant School Principal II of
Senior High School in E.C. Bernabe NHS, Bagac, Bataan.

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BATAAN

LEARNING RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT SECTION (LRMDS)
Bataan Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City 2100