Ideal gas equation and Related gas laws

Single Correct Answer Type

1. If P, V, T represent pressure, volume and temperature of the gas, the correct representation of Boyle's law is
1
a) V ∝ (at constant P) b) PV =RT
T
c) V ∝1/ P (at constant T) d) PV =nRT
2. At constant temperature, in a given mass of an ideal gas
The ratio of pressure and volume always remains
a) b) Volume always remains constant
constant
The product of pressure and volume always remains
c) Pressure always remains constant d)
constant
3. Air at sea level is dense. This is a practical application of
a) Boyle's law b) Charle's law
c) Avogadro's law d) Dalton's law
3 3
4. If 20c m gas at 1 atm. is expanded to 50 c m at constant T, then what is the final pressure
1 1
a) 20 × b) 50 ×
50 20
1
c) 1 × ×50 d) None of these
20
5. Which of the following statement is false
The product of pressure and volume of fixed Molecules of different gases have the same K.E. at a
a) b)
amount of a gas is independent of temperature given temperature
The gas equation is not valid at high pressure and The gas constant per molecule is known as Boltzmann
c) d)
low temperature constant
6. Which of the following graphs represent Boyle's law
a) b)

c) d)

7. Densities of two gases are in the ratio 1 : 2 and their temperatures are in the ratio 2 : 1, then the ratio of their
respective pressures is
a) 1 : 1 b) 1 : 2
c) 2 : 1 d) 4 : 1
8. At constant pressure, the volume of fixed mass of an ideal gas is directly proportional to
a) Absolute temperature b) Degree centigrade
c) Degree Fahrenheit d) None
9. Which of the following expression at constant pressure represents Charle's law
a) 1 1
V∝ b) V ∝ 2
T T
c) V ∝T d) V
10. Use of hot air balloons in sports and meteorological obsevations is an application of
a) Boyle's law b) Newtonic law
c) Kelvin's law d) Charle's law
11. A 10 g of a gas at atmospheric pressure is cooled from 27 3o C to 0 o C keeping the volume constant, its

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 pressure would become
a) 1/2 atm b) 1/273 atm
c) 2 atm d) 273 atm
12. Pressure remaining the same, the volume of a given mass of an ideal gas increases for every degree centigrade
rise in temperature by definite fraction of its volume at
a) 0 o C b) Its critical temperature
c) Absolute zero d) Its Boyle temperature
13. A certain sample of gas has a volume of 0.2 litre measured at 1 atm. pressure and 0 o C . At the same pressure
but at 27 3o C , its volume will be
a) 0.4 litres b) 0.8 litres
c) 27.8 litres d) 55.6 litres
14. 400 c m 3 of oxygen at2 7o C were cooled to −3o C without change in pressure. The contraction in volume will
be
a) 40 c m 3 b) 30 c m 3
c) 44.4 c m 3 d) 360 c m 3
15. The pressure p of a gas is plotted against its absolute temperature T for two different constant volumes, V 1 and
V 2. When V 1 >V 2, the
a) Curves have the same slope and do not intersect b) Curves must intersect at some point other than T =0
c) Curve for V 2 has a greater slope than that forV 1 d) Curve forV 1has a greater slope than that forV 2
16. Two closed vessels of equal volume containing air at pressure P1 and temperature T 1 are connected to each
other through a narrow tube. If the temperature in one of the vessels is now maintained at T 1 and that in the
other at T 2, what will be the pressure in the vessels
2 P1 T 1 T1
a) b)
T 1+T 2 2 P1 T 2
2 P1 T 2 2 p1
c) d)
T 1+T 2 T 1 +T 2
17. “One gram molecule of a gas at N.T.P. occupies 22.4 litres.” This fact was derived from
a) Dalton's theory b) Berzelius hypothesis
c) Berzelius hypothesis d) Law of gaseous volume
18. In a closed flask of 5 litres, 1.0 g of H 2 is heated from 300 to 600 K. which statement is not correct
a) Pressure of the gas increases b) The rate of collision increases
c) The number of moles of gas increases d) The energy of gaseous molecules increases
19. Which one of the following statements is false
The relationship between average velocity ( v̄) and root
a) Avogadro number¿ 6.02 ×1 021 b)
mean square velocity (u) is v̄=0.9213 u
The mean kinetic energy of an ideal gas is The root mean square velocity of the gas can be
c) d)
independent of the pressure of the gas calculated by the formula ¿
20. The compressibility of a gas is less than unity at STP. Therefore
a) V m >22.4 litres b) V m <22.4 litres
c) V m =22.4litres d) V m =44.8litres
21. In the equation of sate of an ideal gas PV =nRT , the value of the universal gas constant would depend only on
a) The nature of the gas b) The pressure of the gas
c) The units of the measurement d) None of these
22. In the ideal gas equation, the gas constant R has the dimensions of
a) mole-atm K–1 b) litre mole
–1 –1
c) litre-atm K mole d) erg K–1
23. In the equation PV =nRT , which one cannot be the numerical value of R
a) 8.31 ×1 07 erg K −1 mol−1 b) 8.31 ×1 07 dynecm K −1 mo l−1
−1 −1
c) 8.31 J K mo l d) 8.31 atm . K −1 mo l−1
24. Which one of the following indicates the value of the gas constant R
a) 1.987 cal K–1 mol–1 b) 8.3 cal K–1 mol–1

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 c) 0.0821 lit K–1 mol–1 d) 1.987 Joules K–1 mol–1
25. The constant R is
a) Work done per molecule b) Work done per degree absolute
c) Work done per degree per mole d) Work done per mole
26. Select one correct statement. In the gas equation, PV =nRT
a) n is the number of molecules of a gas b) V denotes volume of one mole of the gas
d) P is the pressure of the gas when only one mole of gas
c) n moles of the gas have a volume V
is present
27. The correct value of the gas constant R is close to
a) 0.082 litre-atmopshere K b) 0.082 litre-atmosphere K −1 mol −1
c) 0.082 litre-atmosp h er e−1 Kmol e−1 d) 0.082 litr e−1 atmosp h er e−1 Kmol
28. S.I. unit of gas constant R is
a) 0.0821 litre atm K–1 mole– b) 2 calories K–1 mole–1
–1 –1
c) 8.31 joule K mole d) None
29. Gas equation PV =nRT is obeyed by
a) Only isothermal process b) Only adiabatic process
c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of these
30. For an ideal gas number of moles per litre in terms of its pressure P, gas constant R and temperature T is
a) PT/R b) PRT
c) P/RT d) RT/P
31. If two moles of an ideal gas at 546 K occupy a volume of 44.8 litres, the pressure must be
a) 2 atm b) 3 atm
c) 4 atm d) 1 atm
32. How many moles of He gas occupy 22.4 litres at 3 0o C and one atmospheric pressure
a) 0.90 b) 1.11
c) 0.11 d) 1.0
33. Volume of 0.5 mole of a gas at 1 atm. pressure and 273 K is
a) 22.4 litres b) 11.2 litres
c) 44.8 litres d) 5.6 litres
o
34. At 0 C and one atm pressure, a gas occupies 100 cc. If the pressure is increased to one and a half-time and
temperature is increased by one-third of absolute temperature, then final volume of the gas will be
a) 80 cc b) 88.9 cc
c) 66.7 cc d) 100 cc
35. Correct gas equation is
V 1T 2 V 2 T1 P1V 1 T1
a) = b) =
P1 P2 P2V 2 T2
P 1 T 2 P2 V 2 V 1V 2
c) = d) =P1 P2
V1 T2 T 1T 2
36. Two separate bulbs contain ideal gases A and B. The density of gas A is twice that of gas B. The molecular mass
of A is half that of gas B. The two gases are at the same temperature. The ratio of the pressure of A to that of
gas B is
a) 2 b) 1/2
c) 4 d) 1/4
37. 16 g of oxygen and 3 g of hydrogen are mixed and kept at 760 mm pressure and 0 o C . The total volume
occupied by the mixture will be nearly
a) 22.4 litres b) 33.6 litres
c) 448 litres d) 44800 ml
38. Pure hydrogen sulphide is stored in a tank of 100 litre capacity at 2 0o C and 2 atm pressure. The mass of the
gas will be
a) 34 g b) 340 g
c) 282.4 g d) 28.24 g
39. At N.T.P. the volume of a gas is found to be 273 ml. What will be the volume of this gas at 600 mm Hg and

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 27 3o C
a) 391.8 mL b) 380 ml
c) 691.6 ml d) 750 ml
40. One litre of a gas weighs 2 g at 300 K and 1 atm pressure. If the pressure is made 0.75 atm, at which of the
following temperatures will one litre of the same gas weigh one gram
a) 450 K b) 600 K
c) 800 K d) 900 K
41. A wheather balloon filled with hydrogen at 1 atm and 2 7o C has volume equal to 12000 litres. On ascending it
reaches a place where the temperature is −2 3o C and pressure is 0.5 atm. The volume of the balloon is
a) 24000 litres b) 20000 litres
c) 10000 litres d) 12000 litres
o
42. The density of a gas at 2 7 C and 1 atm is d. Pressure remaining constant at which of the following
temperatures will its density become 0.75 d
a) 2 0o C b) 3 0o C
c) 400 K d) 300 K
43. o
A sample of gas occupies 100 ml at 2 7 C and 740 mm pressure. When its volume is changed to 80 ml at 740
mm pressure, the temperature of the gas will be
a) 21. 6o C b) 24 0 o C
c) −3 3o C d) 89. 5o C
44. The total pressure exerted by a number of non-reacting gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the
gases under the same conditions is known as
a) Boyle's law b) Charle's law
c) Avogadro's law d) Dalton's law
45. “Equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal number of particles.” This
statement is a direct consequence of
a) Avogadro’s law b) Charle's law
c) Ideal gas equation d) Law of partial pressure
46. If three unreactive gases having partial pressures A PB and PC and their moles are 1, 2 and 3 respectively
P ,
then their total pressure will be
P A + P B + PC
a) P=P A + PB + PC b) P=
6
c) P=
√ P A + P B+ P C d) None
3
47. Dalton's law of partial pressure will not apply to which of the following mixture of gases
a) H 2 and S O 2 b) H 2 and C l 2
c) H 2 and C O 2 d) H 2 and S O 2
48. Which of the following mixtures of gases does not obey Dalton's law of partial pressure
a) O 2 and C O 2 b) N 2 and O 2
c) C l 2 and O 2 d) N H 3 and HCl
49. To which of the following gaseous mixtures is Dalton's law not applicable
a) Ne+ He+ S O 2 b) N H 3+ HCl+ HBr
c) O 2 + N 2 +C O 2 d) N 2 + H 2 +O 2
50. Equal amounts of two gases of molecular weight 4 and 40 are mixed. The pressure of the mixture is 1.1 atm.
The partial pressure of the light gas in this mixture is
a) 0.55 atm b) 0.11 atm
c) 1 atm d) 0.12 atm
51. Rate of diffusion of a gas is
a) Directly proportional to its density b) Directly proportional to its molecular mass
c) Directly proportional to the square root of its d) Inversely proportional to the square root of its
molecular mass molecular mass
52. Which of the following gas will have highest rate of diffusion

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 a) N H 3 b) N 2
c) C O 2 d) O 2
53. Which of the following relationship is correct, where r is the rate of diffusion of a gas and d is its density
a) r ∝ √ 1/ d b) r ∝ √ d
c) r =d d) r ∝d
54. According to Grahman's law at a given temperature, the ratio of the rates of diffusion r A /r B of gases A and B is
given by (where P and M are the pressures and molecular weights of gases A and B respectively)
a) ( P A /P B )¿ b) ( M A /M B ) ¿
c) ( P A /P B )¿ d) ( M A /M B ) ¿
55. The ratio of the rate of diffusion of a given element to that of helium is 1.4. The molecular weight of the
element is
a) 2 b) 4
c) 8 d) 16
56. A gas diffuse 1/5 times as fast as hydrogen. Its molecular weight is
a) 50 b) 25
c) 25 √ 2 d) 50 √ 2
57. The molecular weight of a gas which diffuses through a porous plug at 1/6th of the speed of hydrogen under
identical conditions is
a) 27 b) 72
c) 36 d) 48
58. Molecular weight of a gas that diffuses twice as rapidly as the gas with molecular weight 64 is
a) 16 b) 8
c) 64 d) 6.4
59. The densities of hydrogen and oxygen are 0.09 and 1.44 g L−1. If the rate of diffusion of hydrogen is 1 then that
of oxygen in the same units will be
a) 4 b) 1/4
c) 16 d) 1/16
60. If rate of diffusion of A is 5 times that of B, what will be the density ratio of A and B
a) 1/25 b) 1/5
c) 25 d) 4
61. The densities of two gases are in the ratio of 1 : 16. The ratio of their rates of diffusion is
a) 16 : 1 b) 4 : 1
c) 1 : 4 d) 1 : 16
62. At constant volume and temperature conditions, the rate of diffusion D A and D B of gases A and B having
densities ρ A and ρ B are related by the expression
1 /2 1 /2
a) ρ b) ρA
[
DA= D B⋅
ρB
A
]
1 /2
[
DA= D B⋅
ρB ]
1 /2
c) ρA d) ρB
D A =D B ( )
ρB
D A =D B ( )
ρA
63. Atmolysis is a process of
a) Atomising gas molecules b) The breaking of atoms to sub-atomic particles
c) Separation of gases from their gaseous mixture d) Changing of liquids to their vapour state
64. A bottle of ammonia and a bottle of dry hydrogen chloride connected through a long tube are opened
simultaneously at both ends, the white ammonium chloride ring first formed will be
a) At the centre of the tube b) Near the hydrogen chloride bottle
c) Near the ammonia bottle d) Throughout the length of the tube
65. Which of the following pairs will diffuse at the same rate through a porous plug
a) CO, N O 2 b) N O 2 , C O 2
c) N H 3 , P H 3 d) NOC 2 H 6
66. If 4 g of oxygen diffuse through a very narrow hole, how much hydrogen would have diffused under identical
conditions

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 a) 16 g b) 1 g
c) 1/4 g d) 64 g
67. A gas diffuse at a rate which is twice that of another gas B. The ratio of molecular weights of A to B is
a) 1.0 b) 0.75
c) 0.50 d) 0.25
68. Two grams of hydrogen diffuse from a container in 10 minutes. How many grams of oxygen would diffuse
through the same container in the same time under similar conditions
a) 0.5 g b) 4 g
c) 6 g d) 8 g
69. The rate of diffusion of methane at a given temperature is twice that of X. The molecular weight of X is
a) 64.0 b) 32.0
c) 40.0 d) 80.0
70. X ml of H 2 gas effuses through a hole in a container in 5 seconds. The time taken for the effusion of the same
volume of the gas specified below under identical condition is
a) 10 seconds : He b) 20 seconds : O 2
c) 25 seconds : CO d) 55 seconds : C O 2
71. At what temperature, the rate of effusion of N 2 would be 1.625 times that of S O 2 at 5 0o C
a) 110 K b) 173 K
c) 373 K d) 273 K
72. Given the reaction C (s)+ H 2 O(l)→CO (g)+ H 2 (g) calculate the volume of the gases produced at STP from
48.0 g of carbon
a) 179.2 L b) 89.6 L
c) 44.8 L d) 22.4 L
73. 4.4 g of a gas at STP occupies a volume of 2.24 L, the gas can be
a) O 2 b) CO
c) N O 2 d) C O 2
74. Under what conditions will a pure sample of an ideal gas not only exhibit a pressure of 1 atm but also a
concentration of 1 mole litre−1 ¿
a) At STP b) When V =22.4 litres
c) When T =12 ⥂ K d) Impossible under any conditions
75. 22
N ,O H
There are 6.02 ×1 0 molecules each of 2 2 and 2 which are mixed together at 760 mm and 273 K. The
mass of the mixture in grams is
a) 6.2 b) 4.12
c) 3.09 d) 7
76. Volume of 4.4 g of C O 2 at NTP is
a) 22.4 L b) 44.8 L
c) 2.24 L d) 4.48 L
77. The energy of an ideal gas depends only on its
a) Pressure b) Volume
c) Number of moles d) Temperature
78. A bottle of cold drink contains 200 ml liquid in which O 2 is 0.1 molar. Suppose C O 2 behaves like an ideal gas,
C
the volume of the dissolved C O 2 at STP is
a) 0.224 litre b) 0.448 litre
c) 22.4 litre d) 2.24 litre
79. The vapour density of a gas is 11.2. The volume occupied by 11.2 g of this gas at N.T.P. is
a) 1 L b) 11.2 L
c) 22.4 L d) 20 L
80. A pre-weighed vessel was filled with oxygen at N.T.P. and weighted. It was then evacuated, filled with S O 2 at
the same temperature and pressure, and again weighted. The weight of oxygen will be
1
a) The same as that of S O 2 b) that of S O 2
2
c) Twice that of S O 2 d) One fourth that of S O 2

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81. Five grams each of the following gases at 8 7o C and 750 mm pressure are taken. Which of them will have the
least volume
a) HF b) HCl
c) HBr d) HI
82. Who among the following scientists has not done any important work on gases
a) Boyle b) Charles
c) Avogadro d) Faraday
83. A closed vessel contains equal number of nitrogen and oxygen molecules at a pressure of P mm. If nitrogen is
removed from the system then the pressure will be
a) P b) 2P
c) P/2 d) P2
84. If the four tubes of a car are filled to the same pressure with N 2 ,O 2 , H 2 and Ne separately, then which one will
be filled first
a) N 2 b) O 2
c) H 2 d) Ne
85. Which of the following gas mixture is not applicable for Dalton’s law of partial pressure
a) S O 2 and C l 2 b) C O 2 and N 2
c) CO and C O 2 d) CO and N 2
86. At what pressure a quantity of gas will occupy a volume of 60 ml , if it occupies a volume of 100 ml at a pressure
of 720 mm? (while temperature is constant) :
a) 700 mm b) 800 mm
c) 100 mm d) 1200 mm
87. At constant temperature and pressure which gas will diffuse first H 2 or O 2?
a) Hydrogen b) Oxygen
c) Both will diffuse in same time d) None of the above
88. When a jar containing gaseous mixture of equal volumes of C O 2 and H 2 is placed in a solution of sodium
hydroxide, the solution level will
a) Rise b) Fall
c) Remain constant d) Become zero
89. At S.T.P. 1 gCaC O 3 on decomposition gives C O 2
a) 22.4 litre b) 2.24 litre
c) 0.224 litre d) 11.2 litre
90. At NTP, the density of a gas, whose molecular weight is 45 is
a) 44.8 gm/litre b) 11.4 gm/litre
c) 2 gm/ litre d) 3 gm/litre
91. What is the ratio of diffusion rate of oxygen and hydrogen
a) 1 : 4 b) 4 : 1
c) 1 : 8 d) 8 : 1
92. The maximum number of molecules is present in
a) 0.5 g of H 2 gas b) 10 g of O 2 gas
c) 15 L of H 2 gas at STP d) 5 L of N 2 gas at STP
93. One litre oxygen gas at STP will weigh
a) 1.43 g b) 2.24 g
c) 11.2 g d) 22.4 g
94. How will you separate mixture of two gases
a) Fractional distillation technique b) Grahams law of diffusion technique
c) Osmosis d) Chromatography
95. The rate of diffusion of hydrogen gas is
a) 1.4 times to He gas b) Same as He gas
c) 5 times to He gas d) 2 times to He gas
96. Hydrogen diffuses six times faster than gas A . The molar mass of gas A is
a) 72 b) 6

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 c) 24 d) 36
97. At what pressure will a quantity of gas, which occupies 100 ml at a pressue of 720 mm, occupy a volume of
84 ml
a) 736.18 mm b) 820.20 mm
c) 784.15 mm d) 857.14 mm
98. Containers A and B have same gases. Pressure, volume and temperature of A are all twice that of B , then the
ratio of number of molecules of A and B are
a) 1 : 2 b) 2
c) 1 : 4 d) 4
99. A mixture of N O 2 and N 2 O 4 has a vapour density of 38.3 at 300 K . What is the number of moles of N O 2 in
100 g of the mixture
a) 0.043 b) 4.4
c) 3.4 d) 3.86
e) 0.437
100. A cylinder of 5 litres capacity, filled with air at NTP is connected with another evacuated cylinder of 30 litres of
capacity. The resultant air pressure in both the cylinders will be
a) 10.8 cm of Hg b) 14.9cm of Hg
c) 21.8 cm of Hg d) 38.8 cm of Hg
101. A certain mass of gas occupies a volume of 300 c.c. at 27C and 620 mm pressure. The volume of this gas at
4 7o C and 640 mm pressure will be
a) 400 c.c. b) 510 c.c
c) 310 c.c. d) 350 c.c.
102. What will be the volume of the mixture after the reaction?
N H 3+ HCl → N H 4 Cl
4 litre 1.5 litre (solid)
a) 0.5 litre b) 1 litre
c) 2.5 litre d) 0.1 litre
103. The pressure and temperature of 4 d m3 of carbon dioxide gas are doubled. Then the volume of carbon dioxide
gas would be
a) 2 d m3 b) 3 d m3
c) 4 d m3 d) 8 d m 3
104. If the absolute temperature of an ideal gas become double and pressure become half, the volume of gas would
be
a) Remain unchanged b) Will be double
c) Will be four time d) will be half
e) Will be one fourth
105. At what temperature, the sample of neon gas would be heated to double of its pressure, if the initial volume of
gas is/are reduced to 15% at 7 5o C
a) 31 9o C b) 59 2o C
c) 12 8o C d) 6 0 o C
e) 9 0 o C
106. Equation of Boyle's law is
dP −dV dP + dV
a) = b) =
p V P V
2
d P +d 2 V
2
d P −dV
c) = d) =
P dT P dT

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 Ideal gas equation and Related gas laws

: ANSWER KEY :
1) c 2) d 3) a 4) a
5) a 6) b,c 7) a 8) a
9) c 10) d 11) a 12) a
13) a 14) a 15) c 16) c
17) b 18) c 19) a 20) b
21) c 22) c 23) d 24) a
25) c 26) c 27) b 28) c
29) c 30) c 31) a 32) a
33) b 34) b 35) b 36) c
37) d 38) c 39) c 40) a
41) b 42) c 43) c 44) d
45) a 46) a 47) b 48) d
49) b 50) c 51) d 52) a
53) a 54) c 55) a 56) a
57) b 58) a 59) b 60) a
61) b 62) d 63) c 64) b
65) d 66) b 67) d 68) a
69) a 70) b 71) c 72) a
73) d 74) c 75) a 76) c
77) d 78) b 79) b 80) b
81) d 82) d 83) c 84) c
85) a 86) d 87) a 88) a
89) c 90) c 91) a 92) c
93) a 94) b 95) a 96) a
97) d 98) b 99) e 100) a
101) c 102) c 103) c 104) c
105) a 106) a

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 Ideal gas equation and Related gas laws

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

1 (c) 10 (d)
1 11 (a)
Boyle's law is V ∝ at constant T
P
2 (d) T 1=27 3o C=273+27 3o K=54 6o K

1 T 2=0o C=273+0 o C=27 3 o K

According to Boyle's law V ∝
P
P1=1 ; P2=?
Constant
V= ; VP = Constant.
P According to Gay-Lussac’s law

3 (a) P 1 P2 P T 1 ×27 3 o K 1
= ∴ P 2= 1 2 = atm; atm.
T1 T 2 T1 o
54 6 K 2
At sea level, because of compression by air above
the proximal layer of air, pressure 12 (a)
increases hence volume decreases i.e.
density increases. It is Boyle’s law. V t =V o (1+α v t)

4 (a) ∵(V 2−V 1 )= ΔV =V o α (t 2 −t 1 )

At constant T , P1 V 1=P2 V 2 if t 2−t 1=1othen ΔV =α V o

20  For every 1o C increase in temperature, the volume of

1 ×20=P 2 ×50 ; P2= ×1
50 a given mass of an ideal gas increases by a definite
1
5 (a) fraction of V o . Here V o is volume at 0 o C
273.15
temperature.
P.V = constant at constant temperature. As
temperature changes, the value of 13 (a)
constant also changes. V T1 T2
1 54 6o K
= ∵V 2 = V 1 ¿ × 0.2 L=0.4 L.
6 (b,c) V2 T2 T1 27 3o K
14 (a)
According to Boyle's Law PV = constant, at constant
temperature either P increases or V T2 27 0 o K 3 3
V 2= .V 1= o
.400 c m =360 c m
increases both (b) & (c) may be correct. T1 30 0 K

7 (a) contraction ¿ V 1−V 2=400−360=40 c m 3

15 (c)
d 1 1 T 1 2 P1 V 2 T 1 T 1 .d 1
= , = ∵ = × =
d 2 2 T 2 1 P2 V 1 T 2 T 2 .d 2 At constant volumes P ∝T

P1 2 1 1 nR
= . = P = constant T; PV = nRT ∴ P= T
P2 1 2 1 V

8 (a) nR
slope = m= ∵V 2 <V 1
V
Absolute temperature is temperature measured in
oKelvin , expressed by T m1 V 2
= ∴ m1 <m 2 is curve for V2 has a greater
m2 V 1
9 (c)

P a g e | 10
 slope than for V1 24 (a)

16 (c) 8.31 J.K-1 mol–1

P1 P1 P P 1 cal = 4.2 J.
+ = +
T1 T1 T 1 T2
8.31
∴ cal. K −1 mol −1 = 1.987 cal K–1 mol–1
2 P1 T 1 +T 2 2 P1 (T 1 T 2) 2 P1 T 2 4.2
T1
=P (
T1 T2
; ∴ P=
) =
T 1(T 1 +T 2 ) T 1+T 2
25
26
(c)
(c)
27 (b)
17 (b)
28 (c)
18 (c)
29 (c)
At constant V of a definite mass 30 (c)

P 1 P2 P1 300 1 n P
= ∴ = = i.e. pressure increases PV = nRT ∴ =
T 1 T 2 P2 600 2 V RT
31 (a)
and on increasing temperature energy of molecules
nRT 2 ×0.0821 ×546
increases so the rate of collisions also P= = =2 atm.
V 44.8 l
increases and number of moles remains 32 (a)
constant because there is neither addition
nor removal of gas in the occurring. P1V 1 P2V 2 P2 V 2 T 1
= ∴ n2= n1
n1 T 1 n2 T 2 P1 V 1 T 2
19 (a)
Avogadro number = 6.0224  1023 at STP n1 =¿one mole. at T =27 3o +3 0 o=30 3o K
20 (b)
P1 = 1 atm. P2=¿ 1 atm
PV
Compressibility = <1 at STP (as given)
nRT V1 = 22.4 lt V 2=22.4
nRT > PV R = 0.821 T1 = 273oK
N ×0.0821 ×273>1 V m T = 273oK 1 22.4 273
n2 = × × × 1=0.9 moles
1 22.4 303
22.41 litres>V m P=1
n=1 33 (b)

21 (c) nRT 0.5 × 0.082× 27 3o K

V= = =11.2 lit
P 1
The value of universal gas constant can be expressed
in different units and its value would 34 (b)
depend only on the units of the
measurement. P1 V 1 T 2
V 2=  P1=P ; T 1=27 3o K
P2 T 1
22 (c)
3 T
PV = nRT P2= P ; T 2=T 1 + 1 = 4 ×27 3 o K
2 3 3
PV
R= =¿ litre . atm. K–1 mole–1 2 P 4 273 800
nT V 2= × × × 100 cc= cc =88.888 cc
3 P 3 273 9
23 (d)
= 88.9 cc
-1 –1
(atm. K mol ) is not a unit of R
35 (b)

P a g e | 11
 P 1 V 1 P 2 V 2 P1 V 1 T 1 300
= ∴ = T 2= =40 0o K
T1 T P2 V 2 T 2 0.75
36 (c)
43 (c)
d a =2 d b ; 2 M a=M b P1V 1 P2V 2 PV 740 80
= ∴ T 2= 2 2 ×T 1= × ×300
T1 T2 P1 V 1 740 100
m m RT dRT 44 (d)
PV =nRT = RT ; P= . =
M V M M 45 (a)
46 (a)
P a da M b 2 db 2 M a 47 (b)
= = × =4
P b db M a db Ma Because H 2 & C l 2 gases may react with each other
to produce HCl gas hence Dalton's law is not
37 (d)
applicable.
16 1 48 (d)
n of O 2= =
32 2 Because HCl & N H 3 gases may react to produce
N H 4 Cl gas. Dalton's Law is applicable for non
3
n of H 2= reacting gas mixtures.
2 49 (b)
3 1 N H 3 and HCl & HBr is a reacting gas mixture to
Total no. of moles = + =2
2 2 produce N H 4 Cl∧N H 4 Br so Dalton's law is not
applicable.
nRT 2 ×.082 ×273 50 (c)
V= = =44.8lit = 44800 ml
P 1
m
38 (c) No. of moles of lighter gas ¿
4
PV m m
n= =
RT M No. of moles of heavier gas ¿
40
MPV 34 ×2 ×100 m m 11 m
m= = =282.4 gm
RT 0.082× 293 Total no. of moles ¿ + =
4 40 40
39 (c)
m
P V T 760 546
V 2= 1 1 1 = × × 273=691.6 ml . 4 10
T 1 P2 600 273 Mole fraction of lighter gas ¿ =
11 m 11
40 (a) 40
P1V 1 P2V 2 P V m
= ∴ T 2= 2 2 T 1 1 10
n1 T 1 n2 T 2 P1 V 1 m2 Partial pressure due to lighter gas ¿ Po ×
41 (b) 11
P1 T 2 1 250
V 2= . V 1= × ×12000 lit .=20000 lit . 10
P2 T 1 0.5 300 ¿ 1.1× =1atm .
11
42 (c) 51 (d)
52 (a)
At constant pressure
m. wt. of N H 3=17; m.wt. of N 2=28
m
V ∝nT ∝ T
M m.wt. of C O 2=44 ; m.wt. of O 2=32
V 1 m 1 T 1 T 1 V 1 m 2 d 2 30 0o K 0.75 d
= ∴ = × = ⇒ = beacuse N H 3is lightest gas out of these gases
V 2 m 2 T 2 T 2 m1 V 2 d 1 T2 d
1
[ r∝
√MolecularWeight ]
P a g e | 12
53 (a) 65 (d)
54 (c) Because both NO and C 2 H 6 have same molecular
55 (a)
weights [ ⥂ M NO =M C 2 H6 =30 ] and rate of diffusion
rg M He r 2 He 4 ∝molecular weight.
r He
=
√
Mg
∴ M g=M He . 2 =
r g ¿¿
66 (b)
67 (d)
MA rB 2 r 1 1
∵ r A =2r B ∴ B = ¿ 1 ¿ =.25
[ Note :1.4=√ 2 ] =
MB rA ( ) rA 2 ¿¿ 4
56 (a) 68 (a)

1 xgm
r g= . r H 2 gm r O=
5 2
r H= 10 min
10 min if
2
Mg rH
MH
=
2
rg [ ]
=¿; M g =2× 25=50
2

r O =r H
√ MH
MO
2

2
=
2 2
√
10 32
57 (b) x 2 1
2 = = gm.=.5 gm
1 r 10 10 × 4 2
r g= r H ; M g =M H . H =2 × 62=2 ×36=72
6 2
rg 2
[ ]
2

69 (a)
58 (a)
r C H =2 r g
M 1=64 ; r 2=2r 1 4

2
rC H
M 2=M 1
r1
r2 [] 1
=64 × =16
4
2
M g =M C H 4 ( )
rg
4
=16 ×22=64

70 (b)
59 (b)
dH 0.09 1 1 1 Volumeeffused V
r O =r H
60 (a)
√ √ √
dO
=1
1.44
= =
16 4
r∝
√M
∵ r=
timetaken
=
t

V 1
d r 2 2 ∝ for same volumes (V constant)
r a =5 r b; a = b = 1 = 1
db ra 5 25 [ ] () t √M

t M1
61 (b)
d1 1 r1
d 2 16 r 2
d
= ; = 2 =√ 16= 4
d1 1 √
t ∝ √M ∴ 1=
t2 M2 √
M He 4
62 (d)
DA ρB ρB 2 ρB
1 1
t He =t H 2
√ MH
=5
2 √
=5 √ 2 s .

√ [ ] ( ) 2
2
= = ; ∴ D A=D B
DB ρA ρA ρA
32
63 (c)
Gases may be separated by this process because of
t O =t=5
2
√ 2
=20 s

different rates of diffusion due to difference in their 28 44

densities.
64 (b)
t CO =5
√ 2
=5 √ 14 s ; t C O =5
2
=5 √ 22 s 2
√
N H 4 Cl ring will first formed near the HCl bottle 71 (c)
because rate of diffusion of N H 3is more than that
rN V N T N M So T N 64
of HCl because M N H : M HCl =17 :36.5¿ . SO N H 3
3

will reach first to the HCl bottle & will react there
= rms 2 =
2

r S O V rms S O2
2
.
T SO M N
= ×
323 28 √ 2

2
2

2
√ 2

with HCl to form N H 4 Cl ring

P a g e | 13
 T N 16 22.4
1.625= .
323 7√ 2 1 gm of C O 2 at NTP =

4.4 gm of C O 2 at N.T.P
44

T N =¿ ¿
2

22.4
72 (a) ⇒ ×4.4 litre ¿ 2.24 litre
44
C+ H 2 O →C O ( g )+ H 2 ( g)
77 (d)
78 (b)
12 gm →1 mol+1 mol
No. of moles of C O 2present in 200 ml solution
12 gm C produces 2mole of gases (1mole CO & 1
mole of H2) 200
= molarity  Volume (in lt.) ¿ 0.1 × =.02
48 1000
48 gm C may produce × 2=4 ×2=8 mole
12 Volume of 0.02 mole of C O 2=22.4 ×.02<.
¿ 22.4 × 8L gases ¿ 179.2 L gas. 79 (b)

73 (d) Molecular weight = V.d.  2 = 11.2  2 = 22.4

mRT 4.4 ×.082 ×273 Volume of 22.4 gm Substance of NTP = 22.4 litre
Molecular weight = = = 44
PV 1× 2.24
22.4
1 gm substance at NTP = litre
So the gas should be C O 2 22.4

74 (c) 11.2 gm substance of NTP = 11.2 litre

80 (b)
PV =nRT

n n M . wt . of O2 M 1 32 1
P= RT ∵ =C  P=CRT ⇒ ⇒ =
V V M . wt . ofS O2 M 2 64 2

P 1 1
T= = =1 2o K The weight of oxygen will be that of S O 2
CR 1 ×.821 2

75 (a) 81 (b)
For HI has the least volume because of greater
6.02 ×1 022 molecules of each N 2 ,O 2 and H 2 1
molecular weight V ∝
M
6.02× 10 22 82 (d)
¿ moles of each
6.02×1 023 83 (c)
Since no. of molecules is halved so pressure should
Weight of mixture = weight of 0.1 mole N 2 +¿
also be halved.
weight of 0.1 mole H 2+ weight of 0.1 84 (c)
mole of O 2 H 2 will be filled first because of lower molecular
weight
¿( 28× 0.1)+(2× 0.1)+(32 ×0.1) ¿ 6.2 gm
85 (a)
76 (c) Mixture of S O 2and C l 2 are reacted chemically and
forms S O 2 C l 2. That is why mixture of these gases is
M.wt of C O 2 = 12+16+16 = 44
not applicable for Dalton's law.
86 (d)
Volume of 44 gm of C O 2 at NTP = 22.4 litre
According to Boyle's law

P a g e | 14
 P1 V 1=P2 V 2  P1 × 60=720 × 100 32
1l O2 at S.T.P. ¿ =1.43 gm of O2
22.4
720 ×100 94 (b)
P 1= =1200 mm
60 95 (a)
We know that molecular mass of hydrogen M 1=2
87 (a)
and that of helium M 2=4, we also know
1 that Graham's law of diffusion
Rate of diffusion ∝
√ MolecularMass r1 M2 4
that is why H 2 gas diffuse first r2
96 (a)
=
M1√ √
= =√ 2=1.4 ; r 1=1.4 m
2

88 (a)
rA MH r 2
Solution level will rise, due to absorption of C O 2 by
sodium hydroxide.
rH
=
√ √¿ =
M A 6r
M A =6 ×6 ×2=72 g
MA

97 (d)
2 NaOH +C O 2 → N a2 C O 3+ H 2 O Given that:
89 (c) V 1=100 ml , P1=720 mm , V 2=84 ml , P2=?
By using P1 V 1=P2 V 2 [According to the Boyle's
CaC o 3 →
^ CaO+C O 2 ↑ law]
(40 +12+16× 3)=100 gm 22.4 litre
P1 V 1 720× 100
∵ At S.T.P. 100 gCaC O3 produce=22.4 litre of P 2= = =857.142
V2 84
C O2 Hence, P2=857.14 mm
98 (b)
22.4
∴ At S.T.P. 1 g CaC O3 produce = =.224 litre According to gas law
100
of C O 2 PV
PV =nRT , n=
RT
90 (c) P1V 1
Molecularwt .OfMetal 45 n A R T 1 n A P1 V 1 T2
The density of gas ¿ ¿ = ; = ×
Volume 22.4 nB P2V 2 nB T1 P2 V 2
−1
=2 gmlitr e RT2
91 (a) n A 2 P × 2V T nA 2
M 1=32 g for O2, M 2=2 g for H 2 = × ; =
nB 2T PV n B 1
r1 M2 r1 2 1 1
r2
92 (c)
=
M1√;
r2
=
√ √
32
= =
16 4 99 (e)
No. of molecules ¿ 2 ×V . d
In 22.4 l of H 2 maximum number of molecules 2 ×38.3=76.3
¿ 6.023 ×1 023 wt. of N O 2=x
In 1 l of H 2 maximum number of molecules So that wt. of N 2 O 4=100−x
x 100−x 100 2 x+ 100−x 100
6.023× 10 23 Hence, + = = =
¿ 46 92 76.6 92 76.6
22.4
20.10
In 15 lof H 2 maximum number of molecules x = 20.10, no. of mole. of N O 2= =0.437
46
6.023× 10 23
¿ ×15 ¿ 4.03 ×1 023 100 (a)
22.4
molecules. Given that
93 (a)
P1=76 cm of Hg (Initial pressure at N.T.P.)
22.4 l O2 at S.T.P. ¿ 32 gm of O2

P a g e | 15
 P2=? , V 1=5 litre , V 2=30+5=35 litres 8=2× V 2 so V 2=4 d m3

According to Boyle's law 104 (c)

P1 V 1=P2 V 2; 76 ×5=P2 × 35 P1=P , V 1=V , T 1=T

76 ×5 P
P 2=  P2=10.8 cm of Hg P2 ,V =? , T 2=T
35 2 2
101 (c) According to gas equation

Given initial volume ( V 1 ) =300 cc, initial P 1 V 1 P 2 V 2 PV PV 2

= or =
o
temperature ( T 1 )=2 7 C=300 K , initial T1 T2 T 2T
pressure ( P1 ) =620 mm, final temperature ∴ V 2=4 V
T 2=4 7 o C=320 K and final pressure
105 (a)
( P2 ) =640 mm.We know from the general
gas equation P1=P , V 1=V , T 1=273+75=348 K

P 1 V 1 P 2 V 2 620× 300 640 × V 2 85

= = =  P2=2 P ,V 2= ,T =?
T1 T2 300 320 100 2
V 2=310 cc
P × V 2 P× 85 V 348 × 2× 85
=  T 2=
398 T 2 ×100 100
102 (c)
∴ T 2=591.6 K=318. 6o C
N H 3+ HCl→ N H 4 Cl
106 (a)
4 litre 1.5litre
Boyle's law −PV = constant
HCl is a limiting compound. That's why 1.5 litre of
On differentiating the equation,
HCl reacts with 1.5 litre of N H 3 and
forms N H 4 Cl. Thus (4 - 1.5) 2.5 litre d ( PV )=d (C)  PdV + VdP=0
N H 3 remains after the reaction.
dP −dV
 VdP=−PdV  = .
103 (c) P V

P 1 V 1 P 2 V 2 P 1 × 4 2 P1 ×V 2
= ; =
T1 T2 T1 2T 1

P a g e | 16