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Assignment 10

The document contains 11 problems related to matrices and linear transformations: 1) Prove two matrices have the same characteristic and minimal polynomials but are not similar. 2) Prove two matrices have the same characteristic polynomial, minimal polynomial, rank, and eigenspaces but are not similar. 3) Identify which of several matrices are diagonalizable over the real numbers.

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Vishak H Pillai
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41 views3 pages

Assignment 10

The document contains 11 problems related to matrices and linear transformations: 1) Prove two matrices have the same characteristic and minimal polynomials but are not similar. 2) Prove two matrices have the same characteristic polynomial, minimal polynomial, rank, and eigenspaces but are not similar. 3) Identify which of several matrices are diagonalizable over the real numbers.

Uploaded by

Vishak H Pillai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 10

1. Prove that the following two matrices have same characteristic polyno-
mial and same minimal polynomial but are not similar.
   
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
   
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

2. Prove that the following two matrices have same characteristic polyno-
mial, minimal polynomial, rank, and same dimension eigenspaces.
   
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
   
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
   
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
   
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

We will see that these two matrices are not similar because they are
two different Jordan Canonical Forms!
3. Which of the following matrices diagonalizable over R?
       
1 2 3 1 2 3 0 1 2 0 1 0
0 4 5 2 1 4 0 0 1 −1 0 0
0 0 6 3 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
4. For each of the following matrices A ∈ Mn (R), test A for diagonaliz-
ability, and if A is diagonalizable, then find an invertible matrix P and
a diagonal matrix D such that P −1 AP = D.
     
      3 1 0 1 1 1 4 0 1
1 2 1 3 0 −2 0 3 0 0 1 0 2 3 2
0 1 3 1 1 3
0 0 4 0 1 2 1 0 4

1
5. Let A be an n×n real matrix with A2 = A. Then which of the following
statements are true?

(a) A is diagonalizable over R


(b) the eigenvalues of A are either 0 or 1
(c) rank (A)= trace (A)
(d) rank (I − A)= trace (I − A)

6. Let A be a 4 × 4 real matrix with

dim E2 = 2, dim E4 = 1, and rank(A) = 3.

Then which of the following statements are true?

(a) 0, 2, and 4 are the eigenvalues of A


(b) A is diagonalizable over R
(c) determinant (A)=0
(d) trace (A) = 8

7. Let T be the linear operator on Mn (R) defined by T (A) = At , the


transpose of A. Then which of the following statements are true?

(a) ±1 are the only eigenvalues of T


(b) mT (x) = (x − 1)(x + 1)
(c) T is diagonalizable over R
(d) T has n2 linearly independent eigenvectors
(e) ∃ a basis B of Mn (R) such that [T ]B is diagonal

8. Let T : P3 (R) → P3 (R) be the linear map defined by

T (a0 + a1 x + a2 x2 + a3 x3 ) = a3 + a2 x + a1 x2 + a0 x3 .

Then which of the following statements are true?

(a) ±1 are the only eigenvalues of T


(b) mT (x) = (x − 1)(x + 1)
(c) T is diagonalizable over R
(d) E1 = span {1 + x3 , x + x2 }
(e) E−1 = span {1 − x3 , x − x2 }

2
(f) B = {1 + x3 , x + x2 , 1 − x3 , x − x2 } is a basis of P3 (R) and
 
1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
[T ]B = 
0 0 −1

0
0 0 0 −1
   
λ 0 0 0 0 1
9. Let A =  1 λ 0  and P = 0 1 0. Then which of the following
0 1 λ 1 0 0
statements are true?
(a) P is the elementary row matrix obtained by interchanging 1st and
3rd rows of the identity matrix.
(b) P A is the matrix obtained by interchanging 1st and 3rd rows of A.
(c) P is the elementary column matrix obtained by interchanging 1st
and 3rd columns of the identity matrix.
(d) AP is the matrix obtained by interchanging 1st and 3rd columns
of A.
(e) P −1 = P
 
λ 1 0
(f) P −1 AP =  0 λ 1  = At
0 0 λ
   
λ1 0 0 λ3 0 0
(g) P −1  0 λ2 0  P =  0 λ2 0 
0 0 λ3 0 0 λ1
10. Prove that any two diagonal matrices having same eigenvalues with
same multiplicity are similar.
11. Let e1 , . . . , en be the standard basis of Rn . Let T , T t , and P are the
linear operators on Rn defined by
T (ei ) = λei + ei+1 , ∀ 1 ≤ i < n, and T (en ) = λen
T t (ei ) = ei−1 + λei , ∀ 1 < i ≤ n, and T t (e1 ) = λe1
P (ei ) = en−i+1 , ∀ 1 ≤ i ≤ n.
• Find the matrices [T ], [T t ], and [P ] of the above linear maps with
respect to the standard basis of Rn . Observe that [T t ] = [T ]t
• Prove that P −1 ◦ T ◦ P = T t .
• Conclude that [P ]−1 [T ][P ] = [T ]t

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