Safety

FIRE
LOSS CONTROL
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• It is the biggest contributor to the economic

losses of many countries in the world.
• It is one of the worst accidents that can happen
to an industrial enterprise or even to a
residential building or house.
• It can turn a quiet crowd into a wild eyed,
panic-
panic-stricken mob.
• It can ravage whole forests, or bring huge
building crumbling to the ground.

• But most terrifying of all -

It can KILL!!!
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May 17,
2005
Safety
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THE BEST WAY TO PREVENT THE OCCURRENCE

OF FIRE IS…
IS…

“TO HAVE

NO FIRE
AT ALL”

HOW’S THAT?
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‰ EDUCATION / ORIENTATION
‰ ESTABLISHMENT OF FIRE BRIGADE
ORGANIZATION
‰ EXERCISE / TRAINING
- FIRE DRILL
- HANDS-
HANDS-ON FIRE EXTINGUISHER

Who is the key man in an effective

Fire Loss Control Program? Why?

Answer: The Front Line Supervisor

Because of :
▪ His knowledge of the materials manufactured, used
or stored within the building, or hazards that may be
created by daily operation
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Who is the key man in an effective Fire Loss

Control Program? Why?

▪ His Control over other variables such likes:

- Fuel available for the fire.
- Accessibility to the area of the fire
- The types of fires.

▪ His full familiarity with all operations and he has

the daily and hourly knowledge of plant condition.

▪ He has almost immediate awareness of the new or

a typical procedures or operation.

What is the Prime Objective of a Fire Loss

Control Program?

Answer: Fire Prevention.

Don’t let fire get started!

Principles of Fire Loss Control:

▪ Recognize the fire hazard thru inspection.
▪ Evaluate the potential fire hazards.
▪ Prevent, Protect and Control
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Basic Elements of a Modern Fire Loss Control

Program

1. RECOGNITION – Inspection/Audit

2. EVALUATION – Classification/Risk Hazard

3. CONTROL – Plan/Procedures
Engineering/Education/Enforcement
Correction.

How to implement the Fire Loss Control

Program:
1. Set priorities for your action.

2. Establish target dates for correction of each

items and follow-up on them.

3. Spread the word.

4. Let everyone know what you are doing.

5. Let them know exactly what they can do to
contribute to the effort and let them know what
their efforts had accomplished.
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What to look for:

… Brooms, pipes and other debris stacked around or
against circuit breakers.

… Containers of paint or solvent left unsealed and/or

next to heat sources.

… Flammable items (such as rags, papers, boxes

and wood) that could ignite or serve as fuel to
start a fire.

… Loose, frayed or temporary wiring that could serve

as an ignition point of fire.

What to look for:

… Non-vapor-proof lighting or exposed wiring in
areas where flammable vapors could accumulate
and ignite.

… Fire extinguishers that are inoperable or cannot

be reached because of materials blocking access.

… Unmarked and/or blocked fire exits or means of

escape from an area in event of a fire.

… Exit Doors that open inward, so that passage from

the area is more difficult – or even impossible if
groups of employees converge upon them in
panic during a fire.
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What to look for:

… Combustible Materials stored near flame – or
spark-producing operations (such as grinding, gas
cutting or welding).

… Fuel and oxygen lines that are unmarked or

improperly identified, allowing them to be mistaken
for water or air lines.

… Absence of “No Smoking” signs in areas where

flammable liquids, vapors, gases or other highly-
combustible materials are stored or used. Use of
spark-producing tools or equipment in such areas.

What to look for:

… Inadequate ventilation in areas where painting,
solvent cleaning, or other operations are
performed that produce flammable vapors or
gases.

… Fire extinguishers that are located in areas

where they are not readily visible.

… Fire extinguishers that are not appropriate to

the type of fire hazard in the area.
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What to look for:

… Fittings that could allow pneumatic tools to be
inadvertently connected to fuel or oxygen
lines.

… Flammable Liquids in unmarked or improperly

– identified containers.

Specific Hazards

1. FLAMMABLE LIQUID – is one having a flash

point below 1000 F.

2. COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID – is considered to

have a flash point greater than 1000 F.
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Steps in implementing your Fire Loss Control

Program

1. Set Priorities for your action.

- Establish target date for correction of each item and

follow up on them.
- Spread the word.
- Let everyone know what you are doing and why.
- Let them know exactly what they can do to
contribute to the effort, and let them know what their
efforts had accomplished.

Fire Prevention and Control

I. Basic Notes:

a.) Objectives of the Fire Prevention Program

b.) Chemistry of Fire
c.) Classes of Fire
d.) Combative Methods
e.) Fire Extinguisher
f.) Sprinkler and Hose Systems
g.) Fire Alarm System
h.) Signaling System
i.) Manual Fire Alarm System
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Fire Prevention and Control

II. Fire Prevention Planning:

a.) Employee Education and Training

b.) Fire Brigade Organization
c.) Fire Emergency Plan
d.) Industrial Fire Hazards
e.) Fire fighting procedure
f.) Codes and Standards Fire Codes of the
Philippines and regulations PD 1185

Fire Drills
A. Purpose

1. To test the workability of the plan itself.

2. To test the soundness of the orders and

directions of the Control Group and Floor Chiefs.

3. To test the effectiveness of the emergency

equipments

4. To familiarize all employees and building

tenants with their duties and responsibilities in
case of fire.
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Types of Fire Drills

Type “A”

1. This is a total alarm fire drill.

2. It involves all members of the self-
protection facility. (Disaster Control
Brigade), organization all employees
and tenants, including visitors
inside the building.
3. It stimulates the use of part of all
emergency equipments available.
4. It is either announced or unannounced.

Types of Fire Drill

Type “B”

1. This is a partial alarm fire drill.

2. It involves only selected groups to

participate in the drill
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Elements of Fire Plan

a. Objectives
b. Scope
c. Composition
d. Facilities
e. Classes of Fire
f. Use of Fire Extinguishers
g. Operation of almost all kinds of Fire Extinguishers
h. Emergency Coordinating Center
i. Location of Fire Exits
j. Elevators
k. Evacuation routes
l. First Aid Station
m. Priority Classification of Records and Equipment

Why Fire Safety Awareness?

Fire safety has become increasingly complex
because of advances in industrial technology.

It continues as a relatively simple matter, more

related to human acts of omission and
commission than to science.

Who causes more Fires?

People – from thoughtless act of carelessness.

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Fire
- is indeed a great ravager, it is a large scale killer
and destroyer of much property.

- Among all disasters, is the single greatest threat

to human life and property.

NOTE:

All substances have certain common

characteristic – they burn only when converted
into vapor or broken up into finely divided
molecules/particles and mixed with oxygen in
some form in correct volume proportion.

Fire Prevention
1. ENGINEERING – implementation of fire protection
codes in new buildings and reducing hazards in old
buildings.
2. INSPECTION – continuous inspection of fire fighting
equipment and fire alarm system and good
housekeeping on all areas of possible fire hazards.
3. EDUCATION – poster campaign, published
materials, films, lectures to all employees, intensive
training for all including security guard and plant
orientation for base fireman.
4. RESEARCH – studies on advanced/specialized fire
fighting technique necessary in dealing with unusual
materials.
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Why Organize a Fire Prevention Team

Brigade
1. Help in fire protection and also reduce the
insurance premiums of the company.

2. Vital to the safety in industry to guard against fire,

whether from machines, combustibles or
personal unsafe actions.

3. A means to be provided for detection of fire and

smoke and for equally prompt notification of both
the person exposed and of the local fire fighting
agencies in the plant and the community.

The 4 E’s of Fire Safety

Management
1. EDUCATION – a must for all employees.

2. ENGINEERING – prevention – detection –

extinguishment

3. ENFORCEMENT – strict and implementation of

policies, rules and regulations of the company.

4. ENTHUSIASM – desired to serve, shared, cares

and love.
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Management Action to Prevent

Fire
To be effective, the prevention and control of fire
must be part of a planned program. This program
should be carried out under the following
headings:

a.) Identify the risks

b.) Identify the precaution required
c.) Prepare a fire precaution manual
d.) Complete check lists
e.) Plan the action in the event of fire
f.) Institute reporting procedures