Lemery Colleges

School of Computer Studies

Arduino-Based Waste Canal and Flood Level Detector with SMS

Notification

A Capstone Project

Presented to the Faculty of the

College of Computer Studies

Lemery Colleges

Lemery, Batangas

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Degree of

Bachelor of Science in Information Technology

By:

Diaz, Xander C.

Malabanan Eljohn R.

Atienza, Clen P.

January 2021

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Chapter I

Introduction

Project Context

Flooding is an overflowing of water, it normally happens when water

exceeds the waterways. Flooding was known as the deadliest type of severe

weather because of its impact to humans, to property and to society. Normally

heavy rainfall, continuous and non-stopped raining can result to flooding but lack

of discipline among humans can be also a reason.

The former Secretary of the DPWH Mr. Rogelio Singson, mentioned the

three man-made reasons why do floods occur, these are clogged waterways, old

drainage systems and the huge amount of garbage collected because of

improper waste disposal.

Improper waste disposal is one of the contributors of how do floods occur.

This shows lack of discipline and ignoring of responsibilities, human throw their

garbage to wherever place they want to throw it, those trashes can be the reason

to flooding once it obstruct to the waste-canal the water can’t irrigate, therefore

the water can’t flow to the canal and will start causing flood.

This problem led the researchers to cope up and do an alternative way

that can help the residents, officials and the barangay to overcome the problem

they encounter on their waste canal. The system will serve as early warning to

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the residents nearby on the waste-canal. The system will automatically alarm the

official and nearby residents towards the issue by the help of the message sent.

The message contains information about the current status of the water that

needs quick response or action before it exceeds the level of water that can lead

to flooding.. The system will use Arduino Uno as its programming software and

Arduino C as its programming language. Aside from that it will use ultrasonic

sensor to detect the level of water on the waste-canal and if there’s trash obstruct

on the canal.

Purpose and Description

The residents along the Illustre Ave. in Barangay Palanas, Lemery

Batangas are mostly affected by flooding during rainy days. Even moderate

raining can cause flood to their place due to clogged canals. Their canals are

filled with are filled with trashes of the residents that’s why when rain comes the

water overflows and create flooding. The nearby residents on canal are those

who suffer from the effects and impact of the flood. And because of that reason

the nearby residents are forced to evacuate to the near evacuation center.

The study developed aims to give an efficient system that will help the

residents of Illustre Ave. Barangay Palanas, Lemery, Batangas for their flood

problems. The system will check the level of water. It can also detect if there’s an

obstruction to the waste canal. The SMS notification will serve as a reminder for

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the nearby official and residents about current status of the level of water through

the help of SMS alerts.

The ultrasonic sensor is useful for detecting objects within the preset

distance. The ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the level in the canal which

possibly leads to flood. The ultrasonic sensor will work once the water reaches

the corresponding level.

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P

(datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM

outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator (CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a

USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. Arduino is an

open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and

software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a

button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor,

turning on an LED, publishing something online.

Statement of the Problem

The proposed system entitled “Arduino-Based Waste Canal and Flood

Level Detector with SMS Notification” aims to provide an effective and functional

system that can help the residents, barangay officials of the Barangay Palanas,

Lemery, Batangas to easily monitor the condition of the waste-canal along Illustre

Avenue.

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Specifically, the study was intended to answer the following:

1. What are the problems encountered by the residents along Illustre

Ave. Barangay Palanas, Lemery, Batangas in terms of waste-canal

monitoring and flood detection?

2. What are the benefits of the developed system to the residents and

officials of Barangay Palanas, Lemery, Batangas in terms of waste-

canal monitoring and flood detection

3. How can the developed system be assess in terms of;

3.1 Functionality;

3.2 Effectiveness;

3.3 Maintainability

Objectives of the Study

The study aims to achieve the following objectives:

1. To provide a system that will help Illustre Ave. Barangay Palanas, Lemery,

Batangas to monitor and detect the current condition of water in their

nearby waste canal which was there main problem during rainy days due

to waste obstruction.

2. To implement a system that will benefit the residents and officials of

Barangay Palanas, Lemery, Batangas most especially Illustre Avenue

though early warning by the use of SMS notification that will be send to

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nearby official of the barangay so that the official will make an urgent

action.

3. To assess the developed system in terms of its functionality, effectivity,

and maintainability towards the problem that Illustre Ave. Barangay

Palanas, Lemery, Batangas encountered. The functionality will be

assessing if the system works, and if it is functional for its beneficiaries.

The effectiveness of the system will be measure when it achieved and

effectively did the objective of the researchers on monitoring and detecting

the level of water. To observed if the system maintains the effectivity and

functionality of the system for future years.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

The study developed is entitled “Arduino-Based Waste Canal and

Flood Level Detector with SMS Notification” which focused on how it can

help Barangay Palanas, Lemery, Batangas along Illustre Avenue on their

clogged canals.

This study focuses mainly on a system that will solve the problems

of the barangay regarding the waste canal along the barangay which are

experiencing a flood due to obstruction of waste. The study will detect the

status of the waste canal if it was filled with trash, the level of water will

signify that the canal was obstructed by waste once it reached all the level

put to the system, and once that the water exceeded the highest level then

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automatically the system will send an SMS notification to the residents of

the barangay as an alarm for them to take an action.

The study can only be used by the chosen beneficiary which is

barangay Palanas, Lemery, Batangas. The function of the project

developed is just to alert the people about the level of the water. The

message will be sent to few persons in the barangay especially those only

in the nearby canal and also those Barangay Officials only. And regarding

on the message, the delay of receiving the message depends on the

signal of the used network of the residents.

Definition of Terms

The definition of the following terms was provided in this section to avoid

uncertainty of the study.

Arduino - Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronics

projects. Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often

called microcontroller) and a piece of software or IDE (Integrated Development

Environment) that runs on your computer, use to write and upload computer code

to the physical board. (https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials)

Detector - Detector is an instrument which is used to discover that something is

present somewhere, or to measure how much of something there is.

(https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/detector)

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Flood - A great flowing or overflowing of water, especially over land not

usually submerged. (https://www.dictionary.com/browse/flood)

SMS Notification (Short Message Service Notification) - SMS notification is a

short text message that businesses or governmental organizations send to

people to inform them about news, updates, emergencies, etc., that are relevant

at a given time. (https://sendpulse.com/support/glossary/sms-notification)

Ultrasonic Sensor - Ultrasonic sensor is useful for detecting objects that are

some distance away from the robot. However, unlike the touch sensor, the

ultrasonic sensor does not rely on physical contact. The distance gives more

space in which to respond. Generally, the ultrasonic sensor is used for distances

of 10 centimeters or more, whereas the light sensor is used at shorter distances.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/ultrasonic-sensor)

Waste- Canal - Waste-Canal is artificial waterway for navigation or for draining

or irrigating land. (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/canal )

Operational Definition

The following terms were defined by the proponents of the study in order

to easily understand the goal of the developed system.

Effectiveness - The ability of the developed system to provide expected results

to problem of the user.

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Functionality -The ability of the developed system to test if it is functional based

from the needs of the user.

Maintainability – The ability of the developed system to test its longevity and

capacity.

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Chapter II

Review of Related System

This chapter presents a different compilation of related topic and studies

which were conducted by the proponents of the study during a specific period.

Technical Background

According to instructables.com, an Ultrasonic sensor is a device that

measures the distance to an object using Sound waves. It works by sending out

a sound wave at ultrasonic frequency and waits for it to bounce back from the

object. Then, the time delay between the transmission of sound and receiving of

the sound is used to calculate the distance.

Ultrasonic sensors is the most common non-contact sensors for water

level measurement. It measures the time-of-flight ultrasonic pulses reflected from

a surface or water surface. Another type of non-contact is a radar sensor. It also

measures the time of flight of pulses but instead of ultrasonic, it uses

radiofrequency. Radar uses more power than ultrasonic and due to it, radars are

more expensive than ultrasonic, every sensor needs a processor that is powered

up by some kind of source. And usually, they are very complicated and require

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special hardware to program the controller. As stated by Yusuf (2016), Arduino

made all this easy by making it simple through programming, erasing, and

reprogramming at a very convenient time. This means Arduino can be

programmed easily to operate the ultrasonic sensor. (Swantool.com)

Based from Arduino.cc the term Arduino refers to an open-source

electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino was

born at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute as an easy tool for fast prototyping,

aimed at students without a background in electronics and programming. As

soon as it reached a wider community, the Arduino board started changing to

adapt to new needs and challenges, differentiating its offer from simple 8-bit

boards to products for IoT applications, wearable, 3D printing, and embedded

environments. All Arduino boards are completely open-source, empowering

users to build them independently and eventually adapt them to their particular

needs. Pagatpat et al. (2017) mentioned to their study entitled “GSM & web-

based flood monitoring system” that the GSM module is used to transmit the data

from sensors to the PC System through wireless transmission. In this project,

Model 900 GSM/GPRS Modem Kit is used which is a physical add-on and

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usually mounted to the top of Arduino. It comes with a library to send/receive

SMS and voice calls, and establish TCP communication over the broadly spread

GPRS network. To upload sketches to the board, connect it to computer with a

USB cable and upload sketch with the Arduino IDE. Once the sketch has been

uploaded, you can disconnect the board from your computer and power it with an

external power supply. Then, the GSM library handles communication between

Arduino and the GSM shield. The majority of functions are for managing data,

voice, and SMS communication.

Related Literature

Azid (2020) entitled “SMS based flood monitoring and early warning

system”. The study demonstrates the design process, implementation, and

experimental verification of an SMS-based Flood Monitoring and Early Warning

System. With tools such as credit top-up and storing contact numbers will be

done via SMS. Updates on the height of the water level would be texted upon

users' request. The system provides timely information and alerts at-risk or

threatened populace and relevant authorities through SMS when the level of

water surpasses the user-defined threshold value. The Global System for Mobile

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Communications (GSM) module is used for sending the mobile text messages

while the Arduino Uno microprocessor is used to read in the input from the

pressure sensor and then calculate the height of water. This simple yet effective

warning system is deemed to be one of the fastest and most effective methods of

alerting the relevant authorities and the vulnerable residence.

Indrasari et.al (2018) from IOP Conference Series Materials Science and

Engineering present their study “Early Warning System of Flood Disaster Based

on Ultrasonic Sensor and Wireless Technology”. Flood disaster provides

considerable losses to the people who live around the river. To mitigate losses of

material due to flood disaster required an early warning system of flood disaster.

For that reason, it necessary to design a system that provides alerts to the

people before the flood disaster. And this paper describes the development of a

device for early detection system of flood disasters. This device consists of two

ultrasonic sensors as a water level detector, and a water flow sensor as water

flow velocity sensor. Wireless technology and GSM is used as an information

medium.

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In the study of Hashim et.al (2018) entitled “The Design and Implementation

of a Wireless Flood Monitoring System” states that Floods and excessive rainfall

are unavoidable phenomena that can cause massive loss of people's lives and

destruction of infrastructure. The impact of floods on human lives can be avoided

by Flood Monitoring Systems (FMS). There are many systems used in practice

by disaster management agencies for monitoring flood levels. However, most of

these systems are very costly and sophisticated to be used and maintained. Most

of the conventional floodgates in water canals are manually-operated and suffer

from the lack of real-time monitoring of water levels which might lead to an

overflow in the canals and flash floods. Therefore, in this paper, we have

developed an innovative, cost-effective, and user-friendly water level

measurement system. The developed system exploits an ultrasonic sensor with

an Arduino microcontroller to measure the water level and identify the situation

whether it is safe, cautious, or dangerous based on the predefined levels. The

implemented prototype alerts individuals and/or authorities separately via SMS

using a GSM module or Bluetooth. Our system has been tested as an individual

unit and the results were very promising. It can monitor the water level accurately

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and show visual alerts using a LED, also, it can send messages via Bluetooth

and Cellular networks. In the future, we are going to implement multiple units of

the developed system to work as a wireless network for flood monitoring.

Subeesh et al. (2019). International Conference on Innovative Computing and

Communications (pp. 297-298). Natural disasters like flood are becoming more

and more devastating every year due to increase in rainfalls and other factors

induced by climate changes. The losses due to flood can be greatly minimized by

the effective early detection systems. The study shows how can they predict

flood through the early warning system and by communicating it to the target

user. The alerts are sent to the preconfigured email IDs and mobile numbers of

the authorities and the communities without any delay.

Vitales et.al (2017) from the Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary

Research entitled Portable Water Level Monitoring System via SMS. The

Portable Water Level Monitoring System via SMS has different components that

make it work as intended. There is a power source which is a rechargeable

battery charged by a solar panel so the project’s power source is always on the

go. SMS module was used for the SMS messaging wherein the messages

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depend on the level of the water in the river. There is also a siren that will be

activated depending also on the level of the water. Sensors will be placed in line

with the water level. The casing was one of the most important components since

the project could soak and get wet.

Yumang et.al (2017) states in their study “Real-time Flood Water Level

Monitoring System with SMS Notification” from the Institute of Electrical and

Electronic Engineer (IEEE), Metropolitan Manila, Philippines is one of the regions

at high risk from flooding. Pandacan is one of the districts in the city of Manila,

located at the mouth of Pasig River which is prone to flooding. The purpose of

this project is to provide a standalone flood water level monitoring system for the

community in Kahilom Street in Pandacan, Manila. The system is constructed

through the use of Arduino UNO, GSM shield, and sensors that will be powered

by a solar panel with the generator. The early warning device will be the three

LED that is mounted to a PVC pipe and then the system will send an SMS

notification to the people in the community. The functionality of the system was

tested by the simulation of flooding. The results provided that the objective of the

design satisfied the needs of the client.

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Related System

According to Chris Peacock (2018) in his blog “Why Is Water Level

Monitoring Important” he mentioned that monitoring water levels can have

numerous environmental benefits and is a popular measurement for several

different industries and organizations. The effects of flooding can be disastrous to

communities and homes. In very little time, floodwaters can cause irreparable

damage to treasured possessions and wreak havoc on lives. Remote water level

monitoring helps to provide an early warning system by providing a warning of

any like flooding situation, providing valuable time to protect assets, more

valuables, and protect property. 

A study from Vunabandi et.al (2018) entitled “Flood sensing framework by

Arduino and Wireless Sensor Network in Rual-Rwanda” Nowadays, Wireless

Sensor Networks (WSN) are widely used almost everywhere, including both

residential areas, and undeveloped areas near the river. Therefore, embedded

systems can reduce risks due to an increase in climate change in Rwanda with

potentially devastating impacts of floods on local communities and their

properties. Advances in embedded systems, particularly in WSN, offer us critical

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opportunities to develop complex real-time early warning and monitoring

systems. WSN technology has been applied in monitoring natural disasters for

the last couple of decades. This paper further proposes an innovative and

inexpensive framework designed to provide early warning for natural disasters

via a siren. It works by continuously recording and transmitting sensor data to the

main server. The server processes the data and then provides the warning so

that vulnerable residents can be notified before the floods come around their

houses, especially in high-risk zones. The major components of our framework

include Arduino, solar panel, flood detector (sensor) with other wireless sensor

components, a chargeable battery, Xbee, and access point.

Based from Labo et.al (2016) from the International Journal of Engineering

Research and Application entitled “Development of Flood Warning System” they

explain their study Community-based early warning systems (CBEWS) as a

“people-centered” system and empowers individuals and communities

threatened by hazards to act on sufficient time and in an appropriate manner to

reduce the possibility of personal injury, loss of life, damage to property,

environment, and loss of livelihood. These things lead to the development of the

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device necessary for the protection of the community against flood hazards as it

allows people to get prepared with sufficient time. An alarm system was

developed to monitor the water level on Salon River that overflows during heavy

rains. The water level sensors were submerged in a canal of water to test the

functionality of the device before its installation. Computer programs were

created to enhance the monitoring of water level: the River Monitor Software and

the Water Level Monitor. The LED arrays emit light according to water level;

green for low, orange for medium, and red for high. A siren also alarms with

different intervals (30 seconds for low, 15 seconds for medium, and a continuous

alarm for high). Automatic emergency lighting was integrated into the design and

lights up during power outages powered by a rechargeable sealed battery that

charges when ac power is supplied to the device. Levels were established based

on available data; low water level means awareness; medium water level means

preparedness and high water level means the immediate response is necessary.

Pasi and Bhave (2017) presented a study entitled “Flood Detection

System Using Wireless Sensor Network”. Environmental monitoring using

wireless sensor networks (WSN) is one of the most challenging bustles handled

by the research community. Hence it is decisive to employ contemporary sensing

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and communication equipment to observe and identify flood incidences.

Terrestrial wireless sensor networks are subject to extensive research and

development. Numerous applications take advantage of low-cost, small-sized,

easily configurable, and scalable TWSN nodes to monitor, detect, and track

various environmental phenomena and events. The recent advancement in

electronics and sensor miniaturization and low-power technologies enabled

TWSNs to extend their reach to underwater applications. The role of the

designed Flood Monitoring and Evasion System based on WSN is to

continuously monitor, detect and report the environment’s status to a control unit

using relative water level, thrust, and intensity of water as flood indicators, whose

values are gathered by sensors in the sensor field. The flood monitoring and

evasion system monitor and compute the status of floods and sends the flood

notification message to the base station of such zones for necessary action. The

system is composed of three major modules which are the sensor module,

observation module, and transponder module. The developed system is stout

and gives a well-timed alert of flood occurrences and controls the flood gate to

avoid floods in the coastal area.

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In the study of Natividad and Mendez (2018) entitled “Flood Monitoring

and Early Warning System using Ultrasonic Sensor”. The purpose of this study is

to develop a real-time flood monitoring and early warning system in the northern

portion of the province of Isabela, particularly the municipalities near the

Cagayan River. Ultrasonic sensing techniques have become mature and are

widely used in various fields of engineering and basic science. One advantage of

ultrasonic sensing is its outstanding capability to probe inside an objective non-

destructively because ultrasound can propagate through any kind of media

including solids, liquids, and gases. This study focuses only on the water level

detection and early warning system (via the website and/or SMS) that alerts

concerned agencies and individuals for a potential flood event. Furthermore, an

inquiry system is also included in this study to become more interactive wherein

individuals in the community could inquire about the actual water level and status

of the desired area or location affected by flood thru SMS keyword. The study

aims in helping citizens to be prepared and knowledgeable whenever there is a

flood. The novelty of this work falls under the utilization of the Arduino, ultrasonic

sensors, GSM module, web-monitoring, and SMS early warning system in

helping stakeholders to mitigate casualties related to the flood. The paper

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envisions helping flood-prone areas which are common in the Philippines

particularly to the local communities in the province. Indeed, it is relevant and

important as per the needs for the safety and welfare of the community.

    

    

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CHAPTER III

DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This chapter includes the discussion of the research design applied and

methodology employed in this study. The researchers make this chapter simple

and understandable so as to be able easily interpreted by the user.

Project Concept

The study proposed aims to give an efficient system that will help the

Barangay Palanas, Lemery Batangas along Illustre Avenue and its residents

regarding their problems on their street which is prone to flood. This problem has

led us to think and conduct a solution of waste-canal and flood level detector

wherein this will send a message to the residents and remind them of the current

status of the canal.

The residents along the Illustre Avenue in Palanas, Lemery, Batangas are

the mostly affected from this phenomenon. The residents are those who suffers

from the effects and impact of the floods especially those residents that lives

nearby on the drainage system or what we called waste canal. The barangay and

mainly the residents are the beneficiary of this system conducted because the

researcher thinks of an alternative way that can reduce the doubt and can

resolve the problem for this matter.

The SMS Notification will remind the residents and the official about the

certain status of the waste canal and the status of the level of the water through

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the SMS message that will be sent. Through the help of the SMS notification, the

nearby residents will be informed already so that their burden will be lessened, or

after being informed the nearby residents and nearby barangay officials can take

action to remove the clogged and obstructed trash.

This can be implemented by using a detector and SMS notification. The

detector will serve as a tool to detect the level of water. The SMS Notification will

serve as a reminder by informing the nearby residents and nearby officials.

Requirements Analysis

The proposed system entitled “Arduino-Based Waste Canal and Flood

Level Detector with SMS Notification” aims to provide an effective and functional

system that can help the residents, the barangay officials, and the Barangay to

easily observe and detect the condition of the waste canals along their Barangay.

Functional Requirements

This includes the functions required for the system. The system will

accomplish the following;

1. The system can detect the level of flood.

2. The system can check if there are trashes blocking the flow of flood.

3. The system can provide updates to the barangay officials to provide

immediate response during flashfloods.

Non-Functional Requirements

This will define the different ways in order for the researchers to measure

the impact of the system to the users.

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1. Functionality

a) The ultrasonic sensor detects the level of water and trash

which blocks the flow of flood.

b) The infrared sensor detects the underwater waste.

c) The system can send SMS to the barangay officials for

updates.

d) The system displays the updates to the LCD Screen.

e) The system also provides alarms via loud buzzer.

2. Effectiveness

a) The system allows the barangay officials to be updated

during flashfloods.

b) Barangay officials can easily identify which area is

experiencing high level of floods,

c) The system alerts the residents during flashfloods.

d) The system can easily detect if there is something blocking

the drainage.

3. Reliability

a) The number wherein the SMS were sent was based on the

number saved on the codes.

b) The system updates in a timely manner.

c) The levels of flood were categorized into three; high,

medium, and low.

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d) The updates of the system are displayed on the LCD

Screen.

e) The messages sent to the officials were based on the

monitoring of the system.

Design of Software, Systems, Product and/or Processes

This section describes in detail how the developers designed the system

in accordance with the standards.

Operational Framework

Input Process Output

A. Knowledge
Requirements Design and
 Arduino
Coding
Programming
 Operational
B. Software “Arduino-
Framework
Requirements Based Waste
 Developmen
 Arduino Canal and
t model
 Windows 7  Circuit Flood Level
C. Hardware Diagram Detector with
Requirements  Flow chart SMS
 Computer
o 4GB RAM Notification”
o Dual Core
 Arduino
 Ultrasonic Sensor
 Infrared Sensor
 LED Screen
 GSM Module

Figure 1. Operational Framework

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Development Model

The developed system was designed to provide a system which will alert

the barangay officials if there’s a possibility of high level flood or obstruction to

the canal. The researchers used the developmental method of research. The

main goal is to describe the data and characteristics about what is being

studied. They have conducted interviews and surveys in order to obtain the

information for the completion of their study.

The researchers used the Waterfall Method in their development approach

of the software. The Waterfall Model illustrates the software development

process in a step by step flow. The subsequent phases in the development of the

system begin only if the previous step has been completed. The waterfall

approach does not move back to the previous phase to acknowledge changes.

The researchers learned a logical concept in this method and were directed in

accomplishing the system. The Waterfall Life Cycle Method provides an efficient

procedure in constructing the phases of the system.

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Figure 2. The Waterfall Model

The phases that are shown in the figure are the steps involved in the

waterfall approach of the study. The whole method of software development is

divided into separate phases which are: requirements, analysis, design, coding,

testing, and maintenance.

Requirement Gathering Phase

The requirements of the project to be established were identified in this

phase. Requirements are set of functions and constraints that the end user (who

will be using the system) expects from the system. The initial step that was done

by the researchers were researching and gathering of the data and appropriate

requirements in developing the developed system. The information was gathered

from the end user at the start of the software development phase. Then they

have identified parts to be incorporated which are the hardware, the software,

and the interface in order to accomplish their developed system.

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Analysis Phase

In the Analysis Phase, the researchers analyzed t

he information gathered in order to develop a comprehensive information

management system. In this phase, the researchers identified the necessary

features to be included in the system. These requirements were analyzed for

their validity, and the possibility of incorporating the requirements in the system

to be developed is also studied.

Design Phase

The researchers designed the interface and the flow of the system. In the

design phase, the researchers created the design of the system. The

researchers made the interface and the data flow diagram for the system to be

developed. This phase took several weeks since the details of the system will be

incorporated with the work flows intended for the evaluation.

Coding Phase

After they have designed the system, they have started to create the

system. In the Coding Phase, the researchers used Android programming

language as the scripting language for the developed software. This phase has

taken the longest in the timeline of the project creation.

Testing Phase

In the Testing Phase, the researchers tested the developed system to

ensure that the codes work. The system needs to be tested for the researchers

to know the needed improvements for the system. The program was tested for its

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functionality and checked if all modules were working accordingly in every area,

and if the system as a whole performs as identified by the end users during the

interview phase of the project.

The adviser of the proponents also tested the software for any possible

comments or suggestions in order to improve the developed system.

Maintenance Phase

This stage is the final step in the system development method. The

implementation of the developed system is being established after passing

through a series of project testing. In this phase, the researchers provided the

gardeners’ user’s manual for the system. It was also decided to provide a short

presentation (demo) in order to present the system mechanics and operation to

the administrators.

Layout Diagram

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Figure 3 . Flowchart of the Developed System

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Operation and Testing Procedure

Testing Procedure

The system had undergone testing procedure to ensure that the system

functions correctly produce the right output. Two levels of testing were

conducted, the Alpha test and Beta test.

In Alpha test, the researchers conducted several testing on each

component of the system to see if the system works properly and if errors might

occur.

Table 1. AlphaTest

Component Test Conducted

The researchers checked the infrared

Infrared Sensor sensor if it detect objects that can

possibly obstruct underwater.

The researchers checked if the

ultrasonic sensor detects the different

Ultrasonic Sensor obstructions to the canal. It also

detects the level of water from the

canal.

Table 1 shows the tests conducted by the researchers to check the

functions of the system. The tests conducted are important to check if all of the

options are functioning well.

Table 2. Beta Test

Component Test Conducted

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The respondents checked the infrared

Infrared Sensor sensor if it detect objects that can

possibly obstruct underwater.

The respondents checked if the

ultrasonic sensor detects the different

Ultrasonic Sensor obstructions to the canal. It also

detects the level of water from the

canal.

Table 2 shows the tests conducted by the participants or the users of the

system. The tests conducted by the participants are important in order for them

to familiarized themselves to the functions and how to use the system.

Respondents of the Study

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The chosen respondents of the study are 50 randomly selected residents

and 18 barangay officials of Palanas, Lemery, Batangas who will benefit the

system.

Table 3

Respondents of the Study

Respondents Number of Respondents

Residents 50
Barangay 18
Officials
Total 68

The Statistical Treatment of Data

The researchers used the following formulas to come up with the finding of

the study.

The Percentage Formula: P = (N/n)*100

Where: N= total number of population size

n= total number of respondents

Percentage. The percentage is used to determinate the quantitative relation to

the whole response. The process was dividing the frequency (sum of responses)

by the total number of responses to compute for the percentage (P).

CHAPTER IV

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PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter comprises the presentation, analysis and interpretation of the

gathered information regarding the respondents’ assessment on the developed

system.

Questionnaire Part I. Problems encountered in the manual process of checking

the waste canal

Table 4

The barangay officials are not aware if the canal has a high level of flood

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The table above shows the perception of the respondents of the study

when it comes to the given statement. It shows that all of them agreed that the

barangay officials are not aware if the canal has a high level of flood

Table 5

The barangay officials are not aware if there are garbage blocking the waste

canal.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 64 94%
No 4 6%
Total 68 100%

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The table shows that 64 or 94% of the respondents of the study agreed
that the barangay officials are not aware if there are garbage blocking the waste
canal. The remaining 4 or 6% disagreed.
Table 6

Residents are affected by the flood due to blockage on the waste canal.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The data presented above shows that all of the respondents agreed that

residents are affected by the flood due to blockage on the waste canal.

Table 7

Residents are affected by the flood due to blockage on the waste canal.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 67 99%
No 1 1%
Total 68 100%

The table above shows that 67 or 99% of the respondents of the study
agreed that residents are affected by the flood due to blockage on the waste
canal. the remaining part which is 1% disagreed with the given statement.

Table 8

The barangay officials can’t monitor the level of water inside the canal.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

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Yes 65 96%
No 3 4%
Total 68 100%

Large number of the respondents which is 65 or 96% agreed that the

barangay officials can’t monitor the level of water inside the canal while the

remaining 4% disagreed with the given statement.

Questionnaire Part II. Benefits of the developed system to the residents and
barangay officials

Table 9

The system can update the officials when it comes to the level of flood.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The table above shows the perception of the respondents of the study

when it comes to the given statement. It shows that all of them agreed that the

system can update the officials when it comes to the level of flood.

Table 10

The system can also provide updates when there are garbage blocking the

canal.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 64 94%
No 4 6%
Total 68 100%

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The table shows that 64 or 94% of the respondents of the study agreed
that the system can also provide updates when there are garbage blocking the
canal. The remaining 6% disagreed with the given statement.

Table 11

Residents are updated regarding to the level of flood.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The data presented above shows that all of the respondents agreed that

residents are updated regarding to the level of flood.

Table 12

The barangay officials can monitor the level of water inside the canal.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 67 99%
No 1 1%
Total 68 100%

The table above shows that 67 or 99% of the respondents of the study

agreed that the barangay officials can monitor the level of water inside the canal1

while 1% of them disagreed.

Table 13

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The barangay officials can provide immediate rescue because of the updates of

the system.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 65 96%
No 3 4%
Total 68 100%

Large number of the respondents which is 65 or 96% agreed that the

barangay officials can provide immediate rescue because of the updates of the

system. The 3 or 4% part of the respondents disagreed with the given statement.

Questionnaire Part III. Effectiveness

Table 14

The ultrasonic sensor detects the trash which blocks the flow of flood.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The table above shows the perception of the respondents of the study

when it comes to the given statement. It shows that all of them agreed that the

ultrasonic sensor detects the level of water and trash which blocks the flow of

flood.

Table 15

The infrared sensor detects the underwater waste.

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Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 64 94%
No 4 6%
Total 68 100%

The table shows that 64 or 94% of the respondents of the study agreed
that the infrared sensor detects the underwater waste. The remaining part which
is 4 or 6% disagreed.

Table 16

The system can send SMS to the barangay officials for updates.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The data presented above shows that all of the respondents agreed that

the system can send SMS to the barangay officials for updates.

Table 17

The system displays the updates to the LCD Screen.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 67 99%
No 1 1%
Total 68 100%

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The table 17 shows that 67 or 99% of the respondents of the study agreed
that the system displays the updates to the LCD Screen. 1% of the respondents
disagreed.
Table 18

The system also provides alarms via loud buzzer.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 65 96%
No 3 4%
Total 68 100%

Large number of the respondents which is 65 or 96% agreed that the

system also provides alarms via loud buzzer. The remaining 4% disagreed.

Questionnaire Part IV. Effectiveness

Table 19

The system allows the barangay officials to be updated during flashfloods.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The table 19 shows the perception of the respondents of the study when it

comes to the given statement. It shows that all of them agreed the system allows

the barangay officials to be updated during flashfloods.

Table 20

Barangay officials can easily identify which area is experiencing high level of

floods.

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Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 64 94%
No 4 6%
Total 68 100%

The table shows that 64 or 94% of the respondents of the study agreed
that the system allows the barangay officials to be updated during flashfloods.
The remaining 4 or 6% of the respondents disagreed.

Table 21

The system alerts the residents during flashfloods.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The data presented above shows that all of the respondents agreed that

the system can easily detect if there is something blocking the drainage.

Table 22

The system can easily detect if there is something blocking the drainage.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The table above shows that all of the respondents of the study agreed that

the system can easily detect if there is something blocking the drainage.

Table 23

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The system allows the barangay officials to have an immediate response in case

of high level canal.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 67 99%
No 1 1%
Total 68 100%

Large number of the respondents which is 67 or 99% agreed that the

system allows the barangay officials to have an immediate response in case of
high-level canal. The remaining 1% disagreed with the given statement.

Questionnaire Part V. Reliability

Table 24

The number wherein the SMS were sent were based on the number saved on

the codes.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The table above shows the perception of the respondents of the study

when it comes to the given statement. It shows that all of them agreed that the

number wherein the SMS were sent were based on the number saved on the

codes.

Table 25

The system updates in a timely manner.

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Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 64 94%
No 4 6%
Total 68 100%

The table shows that 64 or 94% of the respondents of the study agreed
that the system updates in a timely manner. The remaining 6% disagreed with
the statement.
Table 26

The levels of flood were categorized into three; high, medium, and low.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The data presented above shows that all of the respondents agreed that

the levels of flood were categorized into three; high, medium, and low.

Table 27

The updates of the system are displayed on the LCD Screen.

Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 68 100%
No 0 0%
Total 68 100%

The table above shows that all of the respondents of the study agreed that

the updates of the system are displayed on the LCD Screen.

Table 28

The message sent to the officials were based on the monitoring of the system.
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Choices No. of Respondents Percentage

Yes 67 99%
No 1 1%
Total 68 100%

Large number of the respondents which is 67 or 99% agreed that the

message sent to the officials were based on the monitoring of the system. The
remaining 1% disagreed.

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CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter demonstrates the summary and findings of the study,

conclusions were established on the gathered data and recommendations

prepared by the researchers.

Summary //discuss

The proposed system entitled “Arduino-Based Waste Canal and Flood Level

Detector with SMS Notification” aims to provide an effective and functional

system that can help the residents, the barangay officials, and the Barangay to

easily observe and detect the condition of the waste canals along their Barangay.

Findings

The researchers of the study noted the following findings of the study;

1. In terms of problems encountered in the manual process of checking the

waste canal. All of the respondents agreed that residents are affected by
the flood due to blockage on the waste canal. 67 or 99% of the
respondents of the study agreed that residents are affected by the flood
due to blockage on the waste canal.
2. When it comes to benefits of the system, all of them agreed that the
system can update the officials when it comes to the level of flood. All of
the respondents agreed that residents are updated regarding to the level
of flood. 67 or 99% of the respondents of the study agreed that the
barangay officials can monitor the level of water inside the canal.
3. When it comes to effectiveness, all of them agreed that The ultrasonic
sensor detects the level of water and trash which blocks the flow of flood.

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4. . All of the respondents agreed that the system can send SMS to the
barangay officials for updates. 67 or 99% of the respondents of the study
agreed that the system displays the updates to the LCD Screen.
5. In terms of effectiveness, all of them agreed the system allows the

barangay officials to be updated during flashfloods. all of the respondents

agreed that the system allows the barangay officials to be updated during

flashfloods. All of the respondents of the study agreed that the system can

easily detect if there is something blocking the drainage.

6. When it comes to reliability, all of them agreed that the number wherein

the SMS were sent were based on the number saved on the codes. All of

the respondents agreed that the levels of flood were categorized into

three; high, medium, and low. All of the respondents of the study agreed

that the updates of the system are displayed on the LCD screen.

Conclusions

Upon taking up the study, the researchers have concluded the following;

1. It was concluded that the barangay officials are not aware if the canal has

a high level of flood residents are affected by the flood due to blockage on

the waste canal.

2. It was also concluded the system can update the officials when it comes to

the level of flood. Residents are updated regarding to the level of flood.

3. The study also concluded that the ultrasonic sensor detects the level of

water and trash which blocks the flow of flood. The system can send SMS

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to the barangay officials for updates. The system allows the barangay

officials to be updated during flashfloods. The system allows the barangay

officials to be updated during flashfloods. The system can easily detect if

there is something blocking the drainage. The number wherein the SMS

were sent were based on the number saved on the codes. The levels of

flood were categorized into three; high, medium, and low. The updates of

the system are displayed on the LCD Screen.

Recommendations

Based on the conducted study the researchers recommend the following;

1. The barangay must implement the system in order for them to promote

safety for their constituents.

2. Residents must wait for the updates of the system for them to prepare

themselves for possible evacuation.

3. Future researchers can use the system as a reference for their future

studies.

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