Health Information System

(HIS-MLS) | BATCH 2024

College of allied medical professions – Lyceum of the Philippines university-batangas

CHAPTER IV
Overview of health informatics

HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 2. Personal Health Record (PHR) – a person's self-

maintained health record.
Information Age leads to generation of huge amount of data,
which are perplexing to process and analyze. The transition
from a manual to a more advanced health information system
is an overarching issue for providers of healthcare. One
innovation that manages health information for better service
delivery is health information technology.

 Health Informatics aims to organize and manage health

information using health information technology to improve
delivery of health services.
 According to Rouse (2016), HEALTH INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY (HIT) is the “area of IT involving the
design, development, creation, use, and maintenance of
information systems for the health care industry.” 3. Health Information Exchange (HIE) – health data
 According to Kushniruk & Borycki (2017), Health clearinghouse which is comprised of health care
Information technology vows to provide innovation to organizations with interoperability pact to share data.
health care delivery and connection among users and
stakeholders in the e-health market.

BENEFITS OF HEALTH INFORMATICS  In the United States, HITECH Act of 2009 - promotes the
 Improved medical care adoption and meaningful use of health information
 Lower cost technology. Since its inception, the use and implementation
 Increased efficiency of EHR systems have increased dramatically.
 Reduced error  Hospitals and Physicians using the government-certified
 Improved patient satisfaction EHR systems meet the meaningful use criteria and are
 Improved connectivity among users and stakeholders qualified to receive incentives. The said criteria is regulated
under the Office of the National Coordinator (ONC) for
HEALTH CARE SOFTWARE SYSTEMS health IT which certifies approved IT Technology use under
the Federal Reimbursement Program and Centers for
Fundamental components of health information technology: Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMMS). However,
meaningful use is changing due to:
1. Electronic Health Record (EHR) or Electronic  Medicare Access and Children’s Health
Medical Record (EMR) – patient's official health Insurance Plan Reauthorization Act (MACRA)
record in digital form that is shared across multiple – a law on value-based reimbursement system
health care provider agencies. It is a fundamental/ passed by the US Congress in 2015.
central component of the HIT infrastructure.
TWO TYPES OF HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY:

1. Picture Archiving and Communication System

(PACS)
 Medical imaging technology which provides
economical storage and convenient access to
images from multiple modalities.
 e.g. ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance (MR),
Nuclear Medicine imaging, positron emission
tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT),
endoscopy (ES), mammograms (MG), digital
1
HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM | CHAPTER IV-OVERVIEW OF HEALTH INFORMATICS
 Health Information System
(HIS-MLS) | BATCH 2024
College of allied medical professions – Lyceum of the Philippines university-batangas

CHAPTER IV
Overview of health informatics

radiography (DR), phosphor plate radiography,  physicians can spend more time deciding and
Histopathology, ophthalmology, etc. performing patient treatment instead of waiting for
 PACS do not allow clinicians to look at patient information.
images from different departments at the same time. 2. Better Management of Data
2. Vendor Neutral Archives (VNA)  accumulation of electronic health records will allow
 Medical imaging technology in which images and more meaningful data mining that can better assess
documents (and potentially any file of clinical the health of the general public.
relevance) are stored (archived) in a standard  more data presents opportunities to identify trends
format with a standard interface, such that they can and diseases and crises.
be accessed in a vendor-neutral manner.
 Allow organizations to integrate the viewing and DISADVANTAGES OF CLOUD TECHNOLOGY
storage of different health IT systems, regardless of 1. Potential Risks to Personal Information
vendor restrictions.  vulnerable to data breaches.
 Provide one viewing experience regardless of where  the information contained within medical records
the images come from, cutting down on the number may be subjected to theft or other violations of
of systems physicians need to be proficient on, privacy and confidentiality.
which eliminates errors, saves time, and reduces  breaches may be minimized through encryption,
training costs. proper data disposal, and other security features.
2. Cloud Setup Seems Cumbersome
 These two helps store and manage patient's medical  the transition from traditional to an automated
images. They also integrate radiology into the main hospital system might be difficult for some members of health
workflow. care organization that may not be familiar with the
 Radiology used to be the primary repository for medical technology.
images.
 Presently, other specialties such as Cardiology and
Neurology are also among the large-scale producers of HEALTH INFORMATICS IN THE PHILIPPINES
clinical images.
 Health Informatics is the application of both technology and
HEALTH INFORMATION ECOSYSTEM systems in a health care setting.
 Health Informatics has been loosely practiced in the
According to The Healthcare Information and Management Philippines since the 1980s.
System Society (2017),  Developmental Milestones:
1. Practitioners with access to IBM (International
 Health Interoperability Ecosystem is a composition Business Machines Corporation) used word
of individuals, systems and processes that share, processors to store information.
exchange, and access all forms of health information,
2. Introduction of Community Health Information
including discrete, narrative, and multimedia.
 Stakeholders involved in the creation, exchange and Tracking System (CHITS)
use of health information and/or data includes
individuals, patients, providers, hospital/health COMMUNITY HEALTH INFORMATION TRACKING SYSTEM
systems, researchers, payors, suppliers, and  a Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP-based system
systems. released under the General Public License
 An efficient HIE provides an information (GPL).
infrastructure that uses technical standards, policies,  It was named finalist at the Stockholm Challenge
and protocols to enable seamless and secure 2006 and one of the top e-government projects in
capture, discovery, exchange, and utilization of health the Philippines by the Asia Pacific Economic
information. Cooperation (APEC) and Digital Opportunity
Center (ADOC).
Health informatics in the cloud  An electronic medical record (EMR) developed
through the collaboration of IT and health
 Cloud computing - storing and accessing data and workers, primarily designed for use in
programs over the Internet instead of your computer's hard Philippine Health Centers in disadvantaged
drive. areas.
 Currently, 83% of health care organizations are making  developed by the National Telehealth Center
use of cloud-based applications. (NTHC) to improve health information
management at the RHU level.
ADVANTAGES OF CLOUD TECHNOLOGY  built to gather data and generate reports which
1. Integrated and Efficient Patient Care health workers need, and decision makers
 cloud technology offers a single access point for require. This information can be shared to
patient information which allows multiple doctors to LGUs to improve responsiveness through an
review laboratory results or notes on patients. informed decision-making.
2
HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM | CHAPTER IV-OVERVIEW OF HEALTH INFORMATICS
 Health Information System
(HIS-MLS) | BATCH 2024
College of allied medical professions – Lyceum of the Philippines university-batangas

CHAPTER IV
Overview of health informatics

 Once installed, CHITS becomes a platform for Current issues/barriers to integration of IT in the
the facility to explore other eHealth applications Philippine health care system:
such as telemedicine and eLearning.
 CHITS is currently utilized in 175 government 1. Lack of interest in the field
health facilities. 2. Decision-makers do not employ health informatics in
the health sectors.
3. Large initial expenditure

Supplementary Information (CHITS):

https://www.pchrd.dost.gov.ph/index.php/programs-and-
services/create-article/6556-community-health-
information-tracking-system-chits

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313893323_Com
munity_Health_Information_and_Tracking_System_CHIT
S_Lessons_from_Eight_Years_Implementation_of_a_Pion
eer_Electronic_Medical_Record_System_in_the_Philippin
es

Prepared by:
Magtibay, Jemar
Manalo, Carlos Emil
Martinez, Alfhie

CHITS: RATIONALE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT

 Varied patient and other health-related data are
collected in rural health units (RHU) on a daily basis
all over the country using a variety of manual, paper-
based methods which are often prone to error,
destruction and alteration. Due to the expanse of
these data, RHUs is often rendered data cemeteries.
 Consolidation and analysis of these disorganized
data to produce information important to decision
makers is also often impossible.
 Current techniques are tedious and time-consuming
and, hence, produce information which is stale and
irrelevant. These realities mark the public health in
the Philippines.
 The country’s geography and lack of resources
compound the problem of data collection and use on
the ground.
 This poor information management system prevents
the development of well-planned and targeted
strategies to combat the Philippines’ health
problems, to reduce inequity in health care access
and improve the overall health of Filipinos, especially
those who live in the poorest and farthest
communities.

 The implementation of CHITS has resulted in higher

efficiency rate among health workers since more time
can be spent in providing patient care.

https://tinyurl.com/TransMLS1B
3
HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM | CHAPTER IV-OVERVIEW OF HEALTH INFORMATICS