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    RCD Lesson 5 T Beams

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    Chan Miranda
    The document discusses T beams, which are reinforced concrete beams that form part of a monolithic floor system. T beams get their name from their T-shaped cross-section, with the wide top flange contributed by the integrated concrete slab. The analysis and design of T beams can consider them as either a rectangular beam or a true T-beam, depending on the location of the neutral axis. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the design strength of various T beams. Requirements are outlined for designing T beams to resist negative moments and distributing reinforcing steel across the flange width.

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    RCD Lesson 5 T Beams

    Uploaded by

    Chan Miranda
    318 views15 pages
    The document discusses T beams, which are reinforced concrete beams that form part of a monolithic floor system. T beams get their name from their T-shaped cross-section, with the wide top flange contributed by the integrated concrete slab. The analysis and design of T beams can consider them as either a rectangular beam or a true T-beam, depending on the location of the neutral axis. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the design strength of various T beams. Requirements are outlined for designing T beams to resist negative moments and distributing reinforcing steel across the flange width.

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    The document discusses T beams, which are reinforced concrete beams that form part of a monolithic floor system. T beams get their name from their T-shaped cross-section, with the wide top flange contributed by the integrated concrete slab. The analysis and design of T beams can consider them as either a rectangular beam or a true T-beam, depending on the location of the neutral axis. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the design strength of various T beams. Requirements are outlined for designing T beams to resist negative moments and distributing reinforcing steel across the flange width.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    318 views15 pages

    RCD Lesson 5 T Beams

    Uploaded by

    Chan Miranda
    The document discusses T beams, which are reinforced concrete beams that form part of a monolithic floor system. T beams get their name from their T-shaped cross-section, with the wide top flange contributed by the integrated concrete slab. The analysis and design of T beams can consider them as either a rectangular beam or a true T-beam, depending on the location of the neutral axis. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the design strength of various T beams. Requirements are outlined for designing T beams to resist negative moments and distributing reinforcing steel across the flange width.

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    Lesson 5: T Beams

    Reinforced concrete floor systems normally consist of


    slabs that are placed monolithically. As a result, the two
    parts act together to resist loads. In effect, the beams have
    extra widths at their tops, called flanges, and the resulting
    T-shaped beams are called T beams.

    Sample monolithic floor system that beam can be treated as T-beam


    Effective width of flange 𝒃𝒆 = 𝒃

    For slab on one side only: For slab on both sides:


    For Isolated T beam:

    See NSCP Table 406.3.2.1.

    Note: The determination of an effective width of flange


    is left to the experience and judgement of the licensed
    design professional.
    Analysis of T Beams−the calculation of the design
    strengths of T beams are follows (see figure below):
    (a) As rectangular if the neutral axis is in the flange.
    (b) If the neutral axis is below the flange the analysis is the
    same as in Lesson 2 for beams other than rectangular.
    Analyze as Rectangular Beam
    𝑏

    𝑎
    𝑑−
    2

    Analyze as True T Beam


    𝑏
    𝑏

    ℎ𝑓
    𝑑−
    2

    𝑎
    𝑑−
    2
    Examples:

    1. Determine the design strength of the T beam shown


    below, with 𝑓𝑐′ = 28 𝑀𝑃𝑎 and 𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎.

    Effective width = 1500

    100

    600

    6 − ∅28 𝑚𝑚

    250
    Ans. 777.5 𝑘𝑁 ∙ 𝑚
    2. Compute the design strength for the T beam shown in
    which 𝑓𝑐′ = 28 𝑀𝑃𝑎 and 𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎.

    Effective width = 750

    100

    760
    660

    8 − ∅32

    350 Ans. 1624 𝑘𝑁 ∙ 𝑚


    Design of T Beams

    For the design of T beams, the flange has normally


    already been selected in the slab design, as it is the
    slab. The size of the web is normally not selected on
    the basis of moment requirements but probably is
    given an area based on shear requirements; i.e., a
    sufficient area is used so as to provide a certain
    minimum shear capacity, as will be described later on
    one of the lessons. It is possible that the width of the
    web may be selected on the basis of the estimated to be
    needed to put in the reinforcing bars.
    Example:

    Design a T beam for the floor system shown for which


    𝑏𝑤 and 𝑑 are given. 𝑀𝐷 = 108 𝑘𝑁 ∙ 𝑚, 𝑀𝐿 = 136 𝑘𝑁 ∙ 𝑚,
    𝑓𝑐′ = 28 𝑀𝑃𝑎, 𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎, and simple span = 6 𝑚.

    ℎ𝑓 = 100

    𝑑 = 450
    𝑏𝑤 = 300

    3000 3000 3000


    Design of T beams for Negative Moments

    When T beams are resisting negative moments, their


    flanges will be in tension and the bottom of their stems
    will be in compression. Obviously, for such situations
    the rectangular beam design formulas will be used. The
    ACI/NSCP Code requires that part of the flexural steel in
    the top of the beam in the negative moment region be
    distributed over the effective width of the flange or over
    a width equal to one-tenth of the beam span, whichever
    is smaller. Should the effective width be greater than
    one-tenth of the span length, the code requires that some
    additional longitudinal steel be placed in the outer
    portions flange. The intention of the Code is to minimize
    the sizes of the flexural cracks that will occur in the top
    surface of the flange perpendicular to the stem of a T
    beam subject to negative moments.
    T beam with flange in tension and bottom (hatched)
    in compression (a rectangular beam).
    Exercise 5:

    1. Determine the design strength of the T beam shown if


    𝑓𝑐′ = 35 𝑀𝑃𝑎 and 𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎.

    6 − ∅25 𝑚𝑚
    𝐴𝑠 = 2946 𝑚𝑚2
    2. Determine the design strength of the T beam shown
    if 𝑓𝑐′ = 35 𝑀𝑃𝑎 and 𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎.
    Effective width = 910

    75

    810

    6 − ∅32
    𝐴𝑠 = 4824 𝑚𝑚2

    350
    3. Determine the amount of reinforcing steel required
    for each T beam in the accompanying illustration if
    𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎, 𝑓𝑐′ = 28 𝑀𝑃𝑎, simple span = 7.2 𝑚,
    𝑀𝐷 = 273 𝑘𝑁 ∙ 𝑚 (includes effect of concrete
    weight), and 𝑀𝐿 = 546 𝑘𝑁 ∙ 𝑚.

    75

    760

    300 300 300

    1300 1300

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