MSU-General Santos

Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering

Review 2020

Soil & Water Conservation

Engineering

Prepared By: ER Lapong

101. Which one is the steepest canal side slope?

a. 1:1
b. 1:4
c. 4:1
d. 2:1

Answer: b. 1:4
102. Which of the following describes hydraulic radius?

a. The cross-sectional area of a stream of waterway

divided by its perimeter
b. Used to predict the velocity of water flow in an open
channel
c. Predict the stream flow rate in an open channel
d. The average cross- sectional size of steamflow

Answer: a. the cross-sectional area of a stream of

waterway divided by its perimeter.
103. Type of flow wherein the depth of flow in a
prismatic channel is constant at any point in the
channel
a. Laminar flow
b. Steady flow
c. Uniform flow
d. Critical flow

Answer: c. uniform flow

104. A supercritical flow is a flow condition where

a. Fr= 1
b. Fr > 1
c. Fr< 1
d. Fr > 4000

Answer: b. Fr >1
105. Open channel flow is uniform flow and
the continuity equation applies when

a. energy grade line and hydraulic grade line are parallel

b. hydraulic grade line and channel bed are parallel
c. Energy grade line and channel bed are parallel
d. Energy grade line, hydraulic grade line, and channel bed
are parallel
Answer: d. Energy grade line, hydraulic grade line, and
channel bed are parallel
106. When the viscous forces are weak relative
to inertial forces, the flow is

a. Laminar
b. Turbulent
c. Critical
d. uniform

Answer: b. Turbulent
107. The Manning’s roughness coefficient for
grassed channels or waterways is specifically
known as,
a. Resistance coefficient
b. Retardance coefficient
c. Impendance coefficient
d. All of the above

Answer: b. Retardance coefficient

108. A hydraulic jump is a classic example of
this type of flow

a. Unsteady flow
b. Rapidly varied flow
c. Gradually varied flow
d. Critical flow

Answer: b. Rapidly varied flow

109. Determine the side slope angle of an
unlined canal with slope ratio z of 2:1?

a. 16.6º
b. 26.6º
c. 45º
d. 63.43º

Answer: b. 26.6º
110. A trapezoidal main canal of a large River Irrigation
System has a top and bottom width of 15 m and 6 m,
respectively. The side slope is 1 ½ :1 and the canal is
lined with concrete, for which n is assumed to be
0.015. If it is to carry 45 m3/s of water, what must be
the grade of the canal, in percentage and in degrees?

a. 0.02%, 0.10
b. 0.01%, 0.20
c. 0.1%, 20
d. 0.2%, 10
e. 2%, 100

a. Answer: a. 0.02%, 0.10

111. At what depth will water flow in a 3-m wide
rectangular channel if n = 0.015, s = 0.050,
and Q = 4 m3/s?
a. 0.56 m
b. 0.66 m
c. 0.76 m
d. 0.86 m
e. 0.96 m

Answer: e. 0.96 m
112. A 4-ft-diameter circular channel has a flow
depth of 3 feet. If the Manning’s roughness
coefficient of the channel is 0.015 and slope is
0.05o, what is the discharge?
a. 0.35
b. 3.5
c. 10.2
d. 33.6
e. 35.0

Answer: d. 33.6
113. Which one is the steepest canal side slope?

a. A side slope factor of 4

b. A side slope factor of 1
c. A side slope angle of 40o
d. A side slope angle of 10%

Answer: b. A side slope factor of 1

114. Determine the channel slope of a semi-circular
concrete open channel of radius 1.2 m and
n=0.017, if its carries a discharge of 5 m3/s?
a. 0.10
b. 0.20
c. 0.30
d. 0.40
e. 0.50

Answer: c. 0.30
115. A smooth concrete rectangular channel
(n=0.012) is 1.5 m wide and 0.5 m deep. What
is its critical discharge?

a. 1.66
b. 2.61
c. 5.74
d. 5.6
e. 6.1

Answer: a. 1.66
116. Which is the most efficient irrigation canal?

a. A rectangular canal with a water area of 10 ft 2 and depth of 2 ft

b. A trapezoidal canal with a water area of 10 ft 2 and wetted
perimeter of 8.32 ft
c. A triangular canal with a water area of 4 ft 2 and depth of 2 ft.
d. Both b and c
e. All of the above

Answer: c. A triangular canal with a water area of 4 ft2

and depth of 2 ft.
117. An earth canal containing weeds and grass
(n=0.035) has bottom width of 2.5 m and side slope
ratio 1:2. The depth of water is 1 m on the slope of
0.07%. If the most efficient rectangular canal, of
the same canal condition and slope, is to carry the
same discharge, what is its bottom width?
a. 1.67
b. 2.81
c. 3.45
d. 5.30
e. 5.75
Answer: b. 2.81
118. The critical depth of a triangular channel is 2
ft. If the side slope factor is 2, determine the
critical discharge.
a. 40
b. 45
c. 52
d. 63
e. 88

Answer: b. 45
119. Which of the following factors does not
affect the Manning’s roughness coefficient, n,
a. Seasonal change
b. Silting and scouring
c. Size and shape of channel
d. Sinuosity
e. None of the above

Answer: d. None of the above

120. Water flows in a trowel-finished (0.015)
trapezoidal open channel with a bottom width of
1.5 m, side slope factor of 2/3 and channel slope
of 1.5 degrees. If the depth of low is 0.5 m, what
is the discharge?
a. 7.5
b. 6.3
c. 5.8
d. 4.8
e. None of the above
Answer: d. 4.8
121. The concept of most efficient or best hydraulic
cross-section applies to

a. Erodible channel
b. Non-erodible channel
c. Grassed waterways
d. Prismatic channel
e. All of the above

Answer: b. Non- erodible channel

122. If the most efficient trapezoidal open channel
will used to carry 100 m3/s at a water
velocity of 5 m/s, what is its bottom width?

a. 3.4 m
b. 3.9 m
c. 4.2 m
d. 5.1 m
e. 6.0 m

Answer: b. 3.9 m
123. If the most efficient trapezoidal open channel
will be used to carry 100 m3/s at a water
velocity of 5 m/s, what is its bottom width?

a. 6.0 m
b. 5.1 m
c. 4.2 m
d. 3.9 m
e. 2.4 m
Answer: d. 3.9 m
124. A 500-ha watershed has an average peak run-
off rate of 50 Lps corresponding to an average
rainfall intensity (at the time of concentration)
of 5 mm/hr. Determine the run-off coefficient.
a. 0.0072
b. 0.25
c. 0.79
d. 1.05
e. None of the above
Answer: a. 0.0072
125. Determine the channel slope of a 3-m wide
rectangular channel with a flow of 1 m3/s, if
depth of flow is 75 cm and n = 0.015.
a. 860.
b. 0.050
c. 0.01 %
d. 0.001%
e. None of the above
Answer: c. 0.01 %
 OTHER
Open Channel Problems
1. What is the base of the most efficient
trapezoidal concrete open channel if discharge
is 100 m3/s and velocity is 2 m/s.

a. 7.12 m
b. 12.8 m
c. 7.21 m
d. None of the above
2. The estimated width and depth of concrete-
lined rectangular open channel for water
velocity of 2 m/s and discharge of 10 m3/s.

a. 6.1 m, 2.3 m
b. 3.2 m, 1.6 m
c. 2.5 m,, 0.5 m
3. A 10-inch diameter pipe is flowing 1/3 full.
What is the velocity of the water if the
volume of flow is 135 gpm?

a. 7.2 m/sec
b. 10.6 ft/sec
c. 2.0 ft/sec
d. 0.01 m/sec
4. Water flows uniformly with a depth of 1.5 feet
in a concrete-lined and trowel-finished
trapezoidal canal (n=0.013) with a bottom
width of 5 feet, side slope of 1:2, and a
channel slope of 0.075%. Find the discharge
in m3/s?
a. 0.478
b. 0.487
c. 0.748
d. 0.784
e. 0.847
5. If the most efficient of all trapezoidal cross
sections can be used, what depth of open channel
would you recommend to carry 100 cumecs with
a velocity of 5 mps?

a. 1.4 m
b. 2.4 m
c. 3.4 m
d. 1.3 m
e. 2.3 m
6. The critical depth of a triangular smooth
concrete flume (n=0.012) is 2.61 ft. If the side
slope 2:1, determine the discharge.

a. 80 cfs
b. 82 cfs
c. 84 cfs
d. 88 cfs
e. 92 cfs
7. For a water flow in a rectangular channel 10
m. wide the critical slope is Sc= 0.003491.
Find the critical discharge (Hint: Sc gn2/dc1/3 )
given n=0.014.

a. 3.12 m3/s
b. 2.14 m3/s
c. 1.75 m3/s
d. 2.76 m3/s
8. For a rectangular channel with depth 1.8m and
2.4 m. wide slope of 0.003 and n=0.015 wide
normal flow of 1.2m. What is the critical depth
for this channel?

a. 3.0 m
b. 0.50 m
c. 1.00 m
d. 2.00 m
9. Determine the critical velocity of a rectangular
channel with bottom width of 2 meters,
discharging 6.26 m3/s water.

a. 4.14 m/sec
b. 2.38 m/sec
c. 3.13 m/sec
d. 2.93 m/sec
10. A rectangular channel has a width equal to
12 meter and carries a discharge of 14
m3/s. If n = 0.017, find the critical slope.

a. 0.002
b. 0.003
c. 0.004
d. 0.005
11. What is the water depth in a 24-inch
diameter culvert which flows at 500 gpm and
2 ft/sec velocity?

a. 24.0 in
b. 1.4 in
c. 12.0 in
d. 7.2 in
12. An earth canal containing weeds and grass ( n =
0.035) has bottom width of 6.6 m and side slope: 2
horizontal, 1 vertical. The depth of water is 2 m on
th slope of 0.07%. It is desired to change the
section into semi-circular concrete lined-canal
having slope of 0.15% ( n = 0.012). Determine the
discharge.
a. 16.33 m3/s
b. 17.42 m3/s
c. 19.71 m3/s
d. 21.81 m3/s