7

Module
1

English

Analogy

QUARTER 1
Module 1 - Analogy
1
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ENGLISH
QUARTER 1
Module 1 - Analogy

This worksheet was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public and private schools,
colleges, and universities. We encourage teachers and
other education stakeholders to email their feedback,
comments and recommendations to the Department of
Education at [email protected]

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education

2
English – Grade 7

First Edition 2020

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Published by Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones

Undersecretary: Lorna Dig Dino

Development Team of the Module

Consultants and Editors:

Dr. Kyzil D. Lipar Ms. Barbra N. Villareal

Developer: Ms. Maryjane L. Castillo

Layout Artists: Jerome N. Baylon

Junewell J. Sorbito
Genelyn D. Sequio

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 Good day!
This lesson gives you an opportunity to compare and contrast ideas
through the use of Analogy. This module was specifically prepared to ease
your difficulty in catching up for the lesson and to help you acquire knowledge,
skills, attitudes and values needed for you to successfully gain insights .
This module will help you generate ideas and organize them through
pairing the given words. You will learn the types of relationships in Analogy. As
you work through each page, you will practice by doing several exercises.
Join me and let’s have a closer look about analogies.

Read each unfinished sentence below. Observe the relationship of the two

words in the first paring of words and then complete the sentence by filling in

the word that fits the second part. The first one is done for you.

Example: As sock is to foot, so is glove to hand.

1. As book is to reader, so is pen to _____________________.

2. As teacher is to student, so is doctor to _____________________.

3. As right is to wrong, so is thick to _____________________.

4. As black is to devil, so is white to _____________________.

5. As toothbrush is to teeth, so is comb to _____________________.

What are your answers? Did you get the correct terms?

Don’t worry if you missed the correct answers, the following reading texts and

activities will surely help you understand better.

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 In this lesson you will be able to explain the types of relationships in analogy.

Moreover, at the end of this module you should be able to:

 define analogy

 identify the types of relationships in analogy

 use analogy in comparing and contrasting ideas

Learning Competency

Supply other words or expressions that complete an analogy, EN7V-IV-

c-23.1

Duration: 2 days

Under the pre-assessment activity, you have observed that the words

given are in sets and are also paired together. These pairs are words with

common relationships.

The pairing of words with common relationship is referred as ANALOGY.

Usually, you are given four words or ideas in the format of A : B : C : D, which

can compose two distinctly different pairs of terms. You can form this through

the following formats below:

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First, you can have A : B and C : D, which could be read, A is related to B as C

is related to D.

Example:

Philippines : Peso : USA : US Dollar

Second, you can have A : C and B : D, which could be read as A is related to

C as B is related to D.

Example:

Philippines : USA and Peso : US Dollar

To clearly get the relationships of terms, here are common types of

relationships in analogies. The first one is through association, second is

inclusion and the third one is meaning.

A. ASSOCIATION

This covers relationships between related but distinct ideas. The terms are

usually nouns but may be other grammatical forms. It has 4 types which are

transformational, object/characteristics, order, and agent/object.

 Transformational

These are analogies in which one term is either fraction, grammatical form,

translation, or a word play of another term.

Examples

7 : 35 is the seven times as much as 5

Drive : drove these are different tense of the same

verb

Man : Men these are singular and plural form

They : their these are pronouns related to groups

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 Hello : Annheonghaseyo these are the English and Korean

terms for greetings

Flu : Flew these two words are homophones.

They sound the same but different in

meaning

 Object/characteristics

These are analogies in which one term is a characteristic, source or location of

another term.

Examples:

Dog : Paw the foot of a dog is a paw

Ati-atihan : Aklan the festival is celebrated in

Aklan

 Order

These are analogies shows sequence of reciprocal form of the first term to the

other term.

Examples:

One : two these are consecutive

numbers

January : December these are the first and last

months of a year

Power : work power is the function of work

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 Agent/Object

These are analogies in which one term has either a cause/effect,

creator/creation, object/function, or user/tool relationship to another term.
Examples:

Rain : flooding flooding can be caused by rain

Carpenter : house a carpenter builds a house
Pen : write a pen is used to write
Doctor : stethoscope a doctor uses a stethoscope

B. INCLUSION

These relationships are focused upon the pecking order of terms. There are
two types of inclusion analogies- the category and membership.
 Category
These are analogies in which one term is either a type or example of the other
one.
Examples:
Department of Education : agency DepEd is an example of
an agency
cloth : satin satin is a type of cloth
fruit : banana one example of a fruit is
banana

 Membership

These are analogies in which one term is part of the other term or both terms

are part of the same category.

Examples:

bed room : house a bedroom is part of a house

town/city : province town comprises a province

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C. MEANING

These relationships are focused upon the definition of terms. There are 3

types of meaning analogies namely- synonyms/definition, antonym/

contrast and intensity.

 Synonyms/definitions: these are analogies that show us the same

meaning of terms

Examples:

beautiful : pretty beautiful is synonymous to the word pretty

clever : smart clever is also referred as smart

 Antonyms/contrasts: these analogies show the opposite meaning of

paired words.

Examples

beautiful : plain the term beautiful is the antonym of the

word plain

clean : dirty the word dirty is the contrast of the term

clean

 Intensity: this analogy expresses a word with a higher degree of something

compared to the other one.

Examples:

Hot : boiling the word boiling means intense hotness

Hungry : famine the word famine expresses the idea of too

much hunger

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A. Complete the analogies below by writing the missing terms on the blanks.

1. cotton : soft : sand : ____________

2. Shoes : feet : cap : ____________

3. Dinagyang : Iloilo : __________ : Cebu

4. gun : bullet : __________ : arrow

5. Warning signal : typhoon : intensity: ____________

B. Identify the types of relationships in analogy. Write association,

inclusion or meaning inside the box.

1. sleep : slip : plain : plane

2. short : tall : big : small

3. South Korea: Seoul : China : Beijing

4. Santa Claus: Christmas: cupid : Valentine’s Day

5. body : hands : trees : trunks

Are you done? Please refer to the answer keys to check if you got the correct

answers.

How many items you got right?

If you got 10 that’s a great job! Congratulations.

If you got 6-8, that’s good.

If your score is 5-below, you have to read again the explanation and study the

examples carefully. Try the next activity; you might get a perfect score.

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Complete the pairing of words. Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. pencil is to paper so as _________ is to chalkboard

a. Ink b. Chalk c. Crayon

2. Futsal is to female so as _________ is to male

a. basketball b. Sepak takraw c. football

3. Keep is to kept so as drive is to ___________

a. drove b. Drives c. driving

4. Cat is to kitten so as pig is to ___________

a. piggy b. pony c. piglet

5. Teacher is to trainer so as student is to __________

a. trainee b. listener c. learner

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Analogy describes the relationship between words. This is used to compare

and contrast ideas. We can present this through following the formats given

such as A:B and C:D or A:C and B:D.There are several types of relationships

for analogies. The three of these types are the association, inclusion and

meaning.

Association covers relationships between related but distinct ideas. The terms

are usually nouns but may be other grammatical forms. It has four types:

transformational, object/characteristics, order, and agent/object. Inclusion

focuses upon the pecking order of terms. There are two types of inclusion

analogies- the category and membership. Meaning focuses upon the definition

of terms. There are 3 types of meaning analogies namely- synonyms/definition,

antonym/contrast and intensity.

Go to these links and learn more!

https://study.com/academy/lesson/analogies-lesson-for-kids-definition-
examples.html

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/analogy-ex.html

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/analogy-examples-for-kids.html

9
 A. Match Columns A and B. Find the second part in Column B of the

given pairs in column A. Draw an arrow to connect the them.

A B

1. beginning : ending A. nose : smell

2. days : week B. birth : death

3. thrifty: extravagant C. industrious : lazy

4. rich : wealthy D. months : year

5. eyes : see E. brave : bold

B. Identify the types of relationships in analogy in each of the given

sentence. Write A for association, I for inclusion and M for meaning.

_____1. Intrinsic : extrinsic : :protagonist : antagonist

_____2. Part of Speech : Noun : : Figures of Speech : Simile

_____3. Sampaguita: New Washington : :Nadal Castle : Numancia

_____4. true : correct : : close : cover

_____5. Plants : Oxygen : : Human/Animals : Carbon Dioxide

C. Use analogy in comparing and contrasting the following words below and

observe the given types of relationships. An example is given below.

Example:

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 Words given type of relationships
Blue association (transformational)

Answer: Blue : Blew : : Dye : Die

Word/Term Types of relationship

Peaceful Meaning (synonyms)

Carpenter Association (user/tool)

Digestive system Inclusion (membership)

Winner Meaning (antonyms)

Scissors Association (object/function)

Are you done? Please check the answer key for the correct answers.

How was your score? If you got a perfect score for this activity meaning to say

you have mastered the lesson given.

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Write 10 examples of analogy using different types of word relationship to

compare and contrast ideas/terms.

1._____________________________

2._____________________________

3._____________________________

4._____________________________

5._____________________________

6._____________________________

7._____________________________

8._____________________________

9._____________________________

10.____________________________

You have completed this module. Congratulations for a job well done!

12
http://www.google.com..analogy..

VD2b LM Lesson 3 Reconciling the Past and the Present p.23

Analogies Lesson for Kids: Definition & Examples. (2017, September 21).
Retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/analogies-lesson-for-kids-
definition-examples.html.
Analogy Examples. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/analogy-ex.html

Analogies Examples for Kids. (n.d.) Retrieved from

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/analogy-examples-for-kids.html

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Let’s Try This Let’s Test Ourselves
A.
1.writer
2. patient A B
3. thin
1. beginning : ending a. nose : smell
4. angel
2. days : week b. birth : death
5. hair
3. thrifty: extravagant c. Industrious: lazy
Let’s Do This
4. rich : wealthy d. months : year
A.
5. eyes : see e. brave : bold
1. rough
2. head
3. Sinulog B.
4. bow 1. M
5. earthquake 2. I
3. A
B. 4. M
1. association 5. A
2. meaning
3. inclusion C. Answers vary. To be checked by your
4. association teacher.

5. inclusion

Let’s Enrich Ourselves

Let’s Do More
To be checked by your teacher.
1. b
2. c
3. a
4. c
5. a
Title: Analogy

LANGUAGE: English

Keywords: Analogy, Association, Inclusion, Meaning

Description: It is a module that provides examples for the types

of relationships in analogies and how they could

be used in comparing or contrasting terms.

Primary Media: Published

Primary Storage: CD/Flash drive

Resource Location: Department of Education, Division of Aklan,

District of New Washington, New Washington

National Comprehensive High School.

Developer: Ms. Maryjane L. Castillo

Layout Artists: Junewell J. Sorbito

Genelyn D. Sequio

Jerome N. Baylon