ITAG – Selenium WebDriver

Phuong H H Nguyen
Principal QC Engineer
June, 2016

CSC Proprietary and Confidential

Course Objectives

• In this course, you will learn how to:

– Recognize object
– Create your tests
– Enhance your tests
– Develop user defined function in Visual Studio
– Run your tests
– Analyze test result

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 2

Agenda

• Introduction
• Selenium WebDriver
– Introduction
– Selenium IDE
– Firebug and Firepath
– Cross-Browser Testing
– Locating Web Element
– Find multiple elements
– Click nth link with exact same label
– Attributes
– Execute script on another windows
– Click a button via JavaScript
– Set a value to a read-only or disable text field

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 3

Agenda (cont.)

– Select List
– Navigation and Browser
– Assertion
– Pop-up
– Advanced User Interactions
– Page Object
• ITAG (Intelligent Test Automation Generator)
• User defined functions
• Practice

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 4

Course Audience and Prerequisite

• Audience: Senior QCs, QCs

• Prerequisites:
– Over 1 year knowledge about .Net language
– Over 1 year knowledge about manual test
– Basic concept about test automation

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 5

Assessment Disciplines

• Class Participation: 100%

• Practice: 75%

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 6

 Duration and Course Timetable

• Course Duration: 15 hrs

• Course Timetable:
– Day 1 (3 hrs):
• Introduction
• Selenium WebDriver
– Day 2 (3 hrs):
• ITAG
• User-defined function
– Day 3 (3 hrs):
• Q&A
• Practice
– Day 4 (3 hrs):
• Practice
– Day 5 (3 hrs):
• Final test
– Break 15 minutes for each session

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 7

Course Administration

• In order to complete the course you must:

– Sign in the Class Attendance List
– Participate in the course
– Provide your feedback in the End of Course Evaluation

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 8

 Introduction

CSC Proprietary and Confidential

Introduction

• Test automation is the use of special software to control the

execution of tests and the comparison of actual value with
expected value.
• Test automation can automate some repetitive
• Benefits of automation testing:
– Reduction of repetitive work
– Greater consistency

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 10

Introduction (cont.)

• Various framework/scripting techniques are generally used:

– Linear
– Modular
– Data driven
– Keyword driven
– Hybrid (two or more of the patterns above are used)

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 11

Introduction (cont.)

• ITAG = Intelligent Test Automation Generator

• This is a hybrid automation framework.
• A framework can be a wrapper around some complex internal
architecture which makes it easier for the end user.

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 12

Introduction (cont.)

• ITAG’s feature highlight:

– Test Suites/Test Cases are reusable.
– Easy to develop and maintain automation scripts.
– GUI is friendly and easy to use to run tests and view reports.
– Less effort for test cases/ test suites execution report.
– Drag and drop object from third party tool.
– Copy and paste test cases between other projects.
– Run list of test cases passed/failed/not run/all.
– Execute test suite/cases from Jenkin or Cruise Control .Net

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 13

 Selenium WebDriver

CSC Proprietary and Confidential

Introduction

• Selenium is a test tool for web applications. Selenium tests run

directly in a browser, just as real users do.
• There are included:
– Selenium IDE (*)
– Selenium Remote Control
– Selenium WebDriver (*)
– Selenium Grid
• Support language:
– Java
– .NET
– PHP
– Perl
– Python
– Ruby

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 15

Introduction (cont.)

• Platforms supported by Selenium

Browser Selenium IDE Selenium Remote

Control
Firefox Record and playback Start browser, run tests
tests
IE not supported Start browser, run tests

Safari not supported Start browser, run tests

Chrome not supported Start browser, run tests

Edge not supported Start browser, run tests

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 16

Introduction (cont.)

• Operating Systems
OS Selenium IDE Selenium Remote
Control
Windows Works in FireFox 2+ Start browser, run tests

OS X Works in FireFox 2+ Start browser, run tests

Linux Works in FireFox 2+ Start browser, run tests

Solaris Works in FireFox 2+ Start browser, run tests

Others Works in FireFox 2+ Partial support possible*

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 17

Introduction (cont.)

• Programming Languages
Language Selenium IDE Selenium Remote
Control
C# Generate code Library ("driver") support

Java Generate code Library ("driver") support

Perl Generate code Library ("driver") support

PHP Generate code Library ("driver") support

Python Generate code Library ("driver") support

Ruby Generate code Library ("driver") support

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 18

Selenium IDE

• An integrated development
environment for Selenium tests.
• Implemented as a Firefox
extension, and allows you to
record, edit, and debug tests.

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 19

Selenium IDE (cont.)

• Features:
– Easy record and playback
– Intelligent field selection will use IDs, names, or XPath as
needed
– Auto complete for all common Selenium commands
– Walk through tests
– Debug and set breakpoints
– Save tests as HTML, Ruby scripts, or any other format
– Support for Selenium user-extensions.js file
– Option to automatically assert the title of every page

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 20

Firebug and FirePath

• These are add-ins of Firefox browser using to get Xpath of

object

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 21

Cross-Browser Testing

• The biggest advantage of Selenium over other web test frameworks.

• It supports all major web browsers:
– Firefox:
• IWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
– Chrome:
• IWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
– Internet Explorer:
• IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
– Edge:
• IWebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver();

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 22

Locating Web Element

• There are eight locators in Selenium:

Locator Example

ID FindElement(By.Id("user"))

Name FindElement(By.Name("username"))

Link Text FindElement(By.LinkText("Login"))

Partial Link Text FindElement(By.PartialLinkText("Next"))

XPath FindElement(By.Xpath("//div[@id="login"]/input"))

Tag Name FindElement(By.TagName("body"))

Class Name FindElement(By.ClassName("table"))

CSS FindElement(By.CssSelector, "#login >

input[type="text"]"))

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 23

Locating Web Element (cont.)

• Find element by ID:

– Using IDs is the easiest and the safest way to locate an element in a page.
– The IDs should be unique and identified in web controls.
• driver.FindElement(By.Id("submit_btn")).Click(); // Button
• driver.FindElement(By.Id("username")).SendKeys(“Phuong Nguyen"); // Textfield
• Find element by Name:
– The name attributes are used in form controls such as text fields and radio
buttons.
• driver.FindElement(By.Name("comment")).SendKeys(“Phuong comment");
• Find element by Link Text:
– For hyperlinks only, using a link’s text is probably the most direct way to
click a link, as it is what we see on the page
• driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("Cancel")).Click();

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 24

Locating Web Element (cont.)

• Find element by Partial Link Text:

– Using in case the text is dynamically generated. In other words, the text on
one web page might be different on your next visit.
• driver.FindElement(By.PartialLinkText("ance")).Click();
• Find element by XPath:
– Xpath is a query language for selecting nodes from an XML document.
• driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[@id='div2']/input[@type='checkbox']")).Click();
• Find element by Tag Name:
– Many elements share the same tag names on a web page. We normally
don’t use the tag_name locator
• driver.FindElement(By.TagName("body")).Text;

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 25

Locating Web Element (cont.)

• Find element by Class:

– The class attribute of an HTML element is used for styling. It can also be
used for identifying elements.
• driver.FindElement(By.ClassName("btn-primary")).Click(); // Submit button
• Find element by CSS Selector:
– You can also use CSS Path to locate a web element.
• driver.FindElement(By.CssSelector("#div2 > input[type='checkbox']")).Click();

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 26

Find multiple elements

• Returns a list of matched elements.

• The test statements below will find two check boxes under div#container
and click the second one
– ReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement> checkbox_elems =
driver.FindElements(By.XPath("//div[@id='container']//input[@type='checkbox']"));
– System.Console.WriteLine(checkbox_elems); // => 2
– checkbox_elems[1].Click();

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 27

Click nth link with exact same label

• To click the second one, use the following code.

– Assert.IsTrue(driver.FindElements(By.LinkText("Show Answer")).Count == 2);

– ReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement> links =
driver.FindElements(By.LinkText("Show Answer"));

– links[1].Click(); // click the second one

– Assert.IsTrue(driver.PageSource.Contains("second link page")); // second link

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 28

Attributes

• Get value of web element.

– Assert.AreEqual("recommend_selenium_link",
driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("Recommend Selenium")).GetAttribute("id"));
– Assert.AreEqual("Recommend Selenium",
driver.FindElement(By.Id("recommend_selenium_link")).Text);

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 29

Execute script on another windows

• Click on the link will open the linked URL in a new browser window or tab.
– driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("Open new window")).Click();
– driver.SwitchTo().Window(driver.WindowHandles[1]); # change window

– driver.FindElement(By.Name("name")).SendKeys("on new window");

– driver.Close();
– driver.SwitchTo().Window(driver.WindowHandles[0]); // back
– driver.FindElement(By.LinkText("Recommend Selenium")).Click();

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 30

Click a button via JavaScript

• Sometimes we didn’t click a button reliably on Firefox, but this JavaScript

method worked well.

– IWebElement aBtn = driver.FindElement(By.Id("choose_selenium_btn"));

– ((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript("arguments[0].click();", aBtn);

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 31

Set a value to a read-only or disable text field

• Read-only and disabled text fields are not editable and are shown
differently in the browser (typically grayed out).
– ((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript("$('#readonly_text').val('bypass');");
Assert.AreEqual("bypass",
driver.FindElement(By.Id("readonly_text")).GetAttribute("value"));
– ((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript("$('#disabled_text').val('anyuse');");

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 32

Select List

• A select list is also known as a drop-down list or combo box.

– IWebElement elem = driver.FindElement(By.Name("car_make"));

– SelectElement select = new SelectElement(elem);
– select.SelectByText("Volvo (Sweden)");
• A complex way to select an option in a select list.
– IWebElement selectElem = driver.FindElement(By.Id("car_make_select"));
– foreach (IWebElement option in electElem.FindElements(By.TagName("option")))
{
if (option.Text.Equals("Volvo (Sweden)"))
{ option.Click(); }
}

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 33

Select List (cont.)

• Assert the value of a select list.

– IWebElement elem = driver.FindElement(By.Id("car_make_select"));

– SelectElement select = new SelectElement(elem);
– select.SelectByText("Volvo (Sweden)");
– Assert.AreEqual("volvo", select.SelectedOption.GetAttribute("value"));

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 34

Navigation and Browser

• Go to a URL
– driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://google.com");
• Some other actions
– driver.Navigate().Back();
– driver.Navigate().Refresh();
– driver.Navigate().Forward();
– driver.Manage().Window.Maximize();
• Remember current web page URL and return to it later
– url = driver.Url;
–…
– driver.Navigate().GotoUrl(url);

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 35

Assertion

• Assert page title

– Assert.AreEqual(“ITAG training", driver.Title);
• Assert checkbox selected
– Assert.IsTrue(driver.FindElement(By.Name("is_vip")).Selected);
• Assert button enabled
– Assert.IsTrue(driver.FindElement(By.Id("continue_btn")).Enabled);
• Assert label text
– Assert.AreEqual("First Label", driver.FindElement(By.Id("label_1")).Text);
• Assert image present
– Assert.IsTrue(driver.FindElement(By.Id("next_go")).Displayed);

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 36

Pop-up

• File upload
• HTML source
– <input type="file" name="document[file]" id="files" size="60"/>
• Test script
– String filePath = @"c:\work\testdata\users.csv";
– driver.FindElement(By.Name("document[file]")).SendKeys(filePath);

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 37

Pop-up (cont.)

• JavaScript pop-ups
– IAlert a = driver.SwitchTo().Alert();
– a.Accept();

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 38

Advanced User Interactions

• Double click a control

– IWebElement elem = driver.FindElement(By.Id("pass"));

– Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
– builder.DoubleClick(elem).Perform();
• Click and hold: select multiple items
– ReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement> listItems =
driver.FindElements(By.XPath("//ol[@id='selectable']/li"));
– Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
– builder.ClickAndHold(listItems[1]).ClickAndHold(listItems[3]).Click().Perform();

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 39

Advanced User Interactions (cont.)

• Context click: right click a control

– IWebElement elem = driver.FindElement(By.Id("pass"));

– Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
– builder.ContextClick(elem)
• .SendKeys(Keys.Down)
• .SendKeys(Keys.Down)
• .SendKeys(Keys.Down)
• .SendKeys(Keys.Down)
• .SendKeys(Keys.Return)
• .Perform();

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 40

Page Object

• A class or object that represents a web page in your application.

• Hides the technical details about how you interact with a web page behind
a more readable and business-focused facade.

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 41

 ITAG – Intelligent Test Automation
Generator

CSC Proprietary and Confidential

Agenda

• ITAG Model
• System requirements
• Folder structure
• Test Case
• Test Suite
• Report

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 43

ITAG Model

Automation
Test Enter data for Test Suite
Engineer and Test Case
Common Libraries

Capture object Selenium Web Driver

Function to call test suite to execute

Log File
(Log.txt)
Report File
(Test_Report.xls)

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 44

System requirements

System Requirements:
- Intel Core i
Software Requirements: - 4GB RAM
- Windows OS - IE 5.5 to 11.0
-.NET Framework 4.6 - FireFox 2 to 45
- Crystal Report Runtime - Chrome 2 to 46
-ITAG - 10GB disk free space

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 45

Folder Structure

• ITAG
– Data: when running ITAG, data files will be generate to this folder
– Help: contains help files
– ThirdParty: contains the library file
– Tools: contains the executable file to launch ITAG GUI

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 46

Test Case

• Test Case is a set of instructions that will be performed on the system

under test to test that the system functions as expected.

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 47

Test Case (cont.)

• The template has 6 columns:

– Status: can be 1 in 3 values below
• Passed/Failed: will be set automatically when test case execution
is completed.
• Locked: ITAG will not run rows marked as “Locked”
– Keyword: can be 1 in 4 values below
• Action
• Function
• Module
• Comment: description for steps in test case. ITAG will skip rows
marked “Comment”
– 2 columns Object and Method function differently according to the
keyword selected

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 48

Test Case (cont.)

– If keyword Action is selected

• Key in object or select object list from Object column.
• Key in Method name or select method from Method list. Method list in Method
column will be filtered and shown only available methods for the chosen
object.
• Step Parameters area: key in value or environment variable (wrapped by [ ])

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 49

Test Case (cont.)

– If keyword Function is selected

• Key in function name or select function from function list in Object column.
• Method column: blank
• Step Parameters area: if function does not have any parameter, leave it blank.
Otherwise, key in value or environment variable

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 50

Test Case (cont.)

– If keyword Module is selected

• Key in module name or select module from module list in Object column.
• Method column: blank
• Step Parameters area: if module does not have any parameter, leave it blank.
Otherwise, key in value or environment variable

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 51

Test Suite

• Test Suite is a collection of test cases that are intended to be used

to test a software program to show that it has some specified set of
behaviors.

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 52

Test Suite (cont.)

• Test Suite template has 3 columns

– Status: can be 1 in 3 values below
• Passed/Failed: will be set automatically when test case execution is
completed
• Locked: ITAG will not run test cases marked as “Locked”
– Case Name: select test case by click Add button on the toolbar
– Data Record Name: execute test case with data record

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 53

Module

• Module template consists of repetitive actions used in the test case.

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 54

Module (cont.)

• Module template has 4 columns

– Status: can be 1 in 3 values below
• Passed/Failed: will be set automatically when test case execution is completed
• Locked: ITAG will not run rows marked as “Locked”
– Keyword:
• Action
• Function
• Comment: description for the module. ITAG will skip rows marked as “Comment”
– Object: depends on Keyword column
– Method:
• Contains available methods for the chosen object if keyword Action is selected
• Contains function list if keyword Function is selected

@Step Parameters area: specifies parameters or values needed for the current
step
@Module Variables area: contains variables of module

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 55

Report

– This is a general report

• Green color: passed case
• Red color: failed case
• Gray color: locked case
– Execute duration, case name passed/failed/locked,…

User defined functions

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 56

Report (cont.)

– This is a detail report

• Red color: failed step

User defined functions

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 57

 Report (cont.)

– Log file

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 58

 ITAG GUI

CSC Proprietary and Confidential

ITAG – Main Screen

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 60

New\Open project

• Create new project by click New on the toolbar or click File\New

menu

• Open project by click Open on the toolbar or click File\Open menu

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 61

 Setting

• Select File\Setting menu

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 62

Project Information

• Select File\Project Information menu

• Enter data for Test Product, Version and Build Number

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 63

 Import

• Select Tools\Import menu

• Import Test Case\Module\Project Variable from project A to
project B

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 64

Method Management

• Select Tools\Method Management menu

• Add or Delete user method, enter parameters for method.
Therefore, functions will happen in the dropdown on the Test
Case template

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 65

Object Management

• Select Tools\Object Management menu

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 66

 User defined functions

CSC Proprietary and Confidential

Function Template

• Open SeleniumUserDefined.sln from Installation Folder \ ITAG \

ITAG_PROJECT \ ThirdParty \ Selenium WebDriver \
SeleniumUserDefined \ SeleniumUserDefined
• You will write your script below ‘Write your code here

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 68

Add user-defined functions to ITAG

• Select Tools\Method Management menu

• Add or Delete user method, enter parameters for method.
Therefore, functions will happen in the dropdown on the Test
Case template

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 69

Practice

• Define object
• Create test case
• Create module
• Create test suite
• Run test script
• View report

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 70

 Q&A

CSC Proprietary and Confidential

 Thank You.

CSC Proprietary and Confidential

 Revision History

Date Version Description Updated by Reviewed and Approved By

Jun 2016 1.0 ITAG – Selenium WebDriver Phuong Nguyen Mai Nguyen, Quang To

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 73

CSC Proprietary and Confidential June 2, 2016 74