SUB PROGRAMS

************
Sub program is a database object.
It will be created in the database server permenantly.
Sub program is created with CREATE command.

In pl/sql, sub programs are 2 types.

1) PROCEDURES
2) FUNCTIONS

STORED PROCEDURES or PL/SQL PROCEDURES:

***************************************
A pl/sql program which is stored / created under
the data base server is known stored procedure.
It is also known as a subprogram to perform a task or set of
tasks.

PROCEDURE HAS 2 PARTS

--> Specification
--> Body

i) Specification
----------------
It contains object Type, object name and arguments.

Argument is a variable, that is declared in the specification part.

By default argument is useful to accept input value at runtime.

ii) Body
--------
It contains declarations, begin block, exception block and
End of procedure.

syntax:
/*Procedure specification*/

create [or replace ] PROCEDURE <proc_name>

[( arg1 MODE datatype, arg2 MODE datatype , . . . . )]

IS / AS
------
/* Procedure body */
------
<declaration stmts>;
BEGIN
<assignment stmts>;
<data processing stmts>;
<output stmts>;
EXCEPTION
<error handling stmts>;
END <proc_name>;
 / (Hit Enter) ( to compile the procedure in SQL * PLUS window )

Procedure created.

HOW TO EXECUTE A PROCEDURE?

By using 2 methods

1) Making a call:

That is by writing " procedure calling stmt ".

A procedure can be called from other Program, procedure,
function, package and triggers.

SYN:
Proc_Name[(Arg_val1, Arg_val2, ....)];

2) With EXECUTE statement

EXECUTE <proc_name>[(arg_val1, arg_val2,.....)];

or

EXEC <proc_name>[(arg_val1, arg_val2,.....)];

Properties of a Procedure:-
***************************
-->Procedure can be stored as a precompiled object.
-->Means it will be compiled once and executed any number
of times.
-->Procedures can be easily enhansible for future requirements.
-->Procedures may take or may not take arguments.
-->Procedure never called by SELECT query
-->By Default,Procedure cannot return any value to the calling
object ( Program or procedure or function).

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------

Ex:
write a procedure to display account details of customer id "11110" ?

CREATE or replace PROCEDURE PROC_CUSTactinfo

IS
vact_rec cust_act_dtls%rowtype;
begin
select * into vact_rec
from cust_act_dtls
where cno='11110';
dbms_output.put_line
(chr(10)||' customer id: 11110'||chr(10)||
'********************************'||chr(10)||
'Actno: '||vact_rec.actno||chr(10)||
'Act_type: '||vact_rec.act_type||chr(10)||
'Open Dt: '||vact_rec.act_open_date||chr(10)||
'Balance: '||vact_rec.act_bal||chr(10)||
'********************************'
);
END proc_custactinfo;

Ex:
Write a procedure to find number of customers from the city
"Delhi"?

create or replace procedure proc_cust_cnt_delhi

is
vcnt int;
begin
select count(*) into vcnt
from cust_dtls where city='Delhi';
dbms_output.put_line
(chr(10)||
'City: Delhi'||chr(10)||
'Customer Count: '||vcnt
);
end;

Ex:
write a procedure which is finding number of emps working
under dept 30?

create procedure proc_empcount_30

is
e_count int;
begin
select count(*) into e_count
from emp
where deptno=30;
dbms_output.put_line
(' Number of emps under deptno 30 are: '||e_count);
end proc_empcount_30;

Ex: execute proc_ecount_30; /* Executing procedure explicitly */

How do i execute a procedure implicitly?

By making a call to the procedure we can implicitly execute the procedure.

--Calling a procedure from any program

BEGIN
proc_ecount_30; --Procedure calling stmt
dbms_output.put_line(' calling procedure is finished');
dbms_output.put_line(' Program Execution is finished');
end;

--WRITING THE PROCEDURE TO DISPLAY THE NUMBER

 OF EMPS IN THE GIVEN DEPTNO?

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE PROC_empcnt_did

(VDNO EMP.DEPTNO%TYPE)
IS
CNT INT;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO CNT
FROM EMP
WHERE DEPTNO=VDNO;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE
(chr(10)||
' NUMBER OF EMPS IN DEPT : '||VDNO||': ARE : '||CNT);
END PROC_empcnt_did;

SAMPLE EXECUTIONS:

EXEC PROC_2(10);
EXEC PROC_2(20);
EXEC PROC_2(30);

anonymous block completed

NUMBER OF EMPS IN DEPT 10 ARE 2

anonymous block completed

NUMBER OF EMPS IN DEPT 20 ARE 5

anonymous block completed

NUMBER OF EMPS IN DEPT 30 ARE 6

ex:

declare
vdno int;
begin
vdno:=&vdno;
proc_ecount_did(vdno); --Procedure calling statement
dbms_output.put_line(' Exec Finished');
end;

WRITING PROCEDURE CALLING STATEMENTS IN A PROGRAM:-

For the following program we need to create

2 procedures called p_add and p_multi.

declare
x int;
y int;
begin
x:=&x;
y:=&y;
dbms_output.put_line(' adding '||x ||' and '||y);
Dbms_output.put_line(' Making a call to P_ADD procedure');
p_add(x,y);
dbms_output.put_line(' Multiplication of '||x||' and '||y);
dbms_output.put_line(' make a call to P_MULTI procedure');
p_multi(x,y);
dbms_output.put_line(' 2 tasks successfully completed');
end;

Ex:
wap to display customer name,city,account name,actno and bal
from given customer id?

create or replace procedure proc_cust_info

(vcid cust_dtls.cno%type)
as
type cust_type IS RECORD
(
cname cust_dtls.cname%type,
city cust_dtls.city%type,
act_name act_types.act_name%type,
actno cust_act_dtls.actno%type,
actbal cust_act_dtls.act_bal%type
);
Vcustrec cust_type;
begin
select cd.cname,cd.city,at.act_name,cad.actno,cad.act_bal
into
vcustrec
from cust_dtls cd, cust_act_dtls cad, act_types at
where cd.cno=vcid
and
(
cd.cno=cad.cno
and
cad.act_type=at.act_type
);
dbms_output.put_line
(chr(10)||' Given customer Id: '||vcid||chr(10)||
'-----------------------------------------------'||chr(10)||
'Cust name: '||vcustrec.cname||chr(10)||
'City: '||vcustrec.city||chr(10)||
'Account Name: '||vcustrec.act_name||chr(10)||
'Account Number: '||vcustrec.actno||chr(10)||
'Balance: '||vcustrec.actbal
);
end proc_cust_info;
/

Ex:
write a procedure to display the customer details and
his account details for the custid "cust-5"?

create or replace procedure proc_CUST_ACT_DTLS

is
v_cname cust_dtls.cname%type;
v_gender cust_dtls.gender%type;
v_city cust_dtls.city%type;
v_actno cust_act_dtls.actno%type;
v_act_type cust_act_dtls.act_type%type;
v_act_bal cust_act_dtls.act_bal%type;
 begin
select c.cname,c.gender,c.city,ca.actno,ca.act_type,ca.act_bal INTO
V_CNAME,v_gender,v_city,v_actno,v_act_type,v_act_bal
from cust_dtls c , cust_act_dtls ca
where c.cno='cust-5'
and
c.cno=ca.cust_code;
dbms_output.put_line(' Details of customer 5');
dbms_output.put_line(v_cname||' '||v_gender||' '||v_city||' '||v_actno||' '||
v_act_type||' '||v_act_bal);
end proc_CUST_ACT_DTLS;

Ex:
write a procedure to display the customer details and his account
details for the GIVEN custid ?

create or replace procedure proc_3

(VCID cust_dtls.cno%type)
is
v_cname cust_dtls.cname%type;
v_gender cust_dtls.gender%type;
v_city cust_dtls.city%type;
v_actno cust_act_dtls.actno%type;
v_act_type cust_act_dtls.act_type%type;
v_act_bal cust_act_dtls.act_bal%type;
begin
select c.cname,c.gender,c.city,ca.actno,ca.act_type,ca.act_bal
INTO
V_CNAME,v_gender,v_city,v_actno,v_act_type,v_act_bal
from cust_dtls c , cust_act_dtls ca
where c.cno=VCID
and
c.cno=ca.cust_code;
dbms_output.put_line(' Details of customer '||VCID);
dbms_output.put_line
(v_cname||' '||v_gender||' '||v_city||' '||v_actno||' '||v_act_type||
' '||v_act_bal);
end proc_3;

Ex:
Ex:
write a procedure to display the customer details and his account
details for the GIVEN custid ?

create or replace procedure proc_3

(VCID cust_dtls.cno%type)
is
type cust_type is record
(
custname cust_dtls.cname%type,
custcity cust_dtls.city%type,
gender cust_dtls.gender%type,
actno cust_act_dtls.actno%type,
 act_type cust_act_dtls.act_type%type,
act_bal cust_act_dtls.act_bal%type
);
vactdtls cust_type;
begin
select c.cname,c.city,c.gender,
cad.actno,cad.act_type,cad.act_bal
INTO
vactdtls
from cust_dtls c , cust_act_dtls cad
where c.cno=VCID
and
c.cno=cad.cno;
dbms_output.put_line
(' Details of customer: '||VCID||CHR(10)||
'************************************');
dbms_output.put_line
(
chr(10)||
'Name: '||vactdtls.custname||chr(10)||
'City: '||vactdtls.custcity||chr(10)||
'gender: '||vactdtls.gender||chr(10)||
'A/c No: '||vactdtls.actno||chr(10)||
'A/c Type: '||vactdtls.act_type||chr(10)||
'Balance: '||vactdtls.act_bal
);
end proc_3;

Ex: write a procedure to display the employee details and dept details for the
empno 7902?

create or replace procedure proc_4

is
v_ename emp.ename%type;
v_job emp.job%type;
v_sal emp.sal%type;
v_hiredate emp.hiredate%type;
v_dno emp.deptno%type;
v_dname dept.dname%type;
v_loc dept.loc%type;
begin
select e.ename,e.sal,e.job,e.hiredate,e.deptno,d.dname,d.loc INTO
v_ename,v_sal,v_job,v_hiredate,v_dno,v_dname,v_loc
from emp e , dept d
where e.empno=7902 and e.deptno=d.deptno;
dbms_output.put_line('Details of empno= 7902');
dbms_output.put_line(v_ename||' '||v_job||' '||v_sal||' '||v_hiredate||' '||
v_dno||' '||v_dname||' '||v_loc);
end proc_4;

DYNAMIC PROCEDURES:

EX: write a procedure to display the details of employee for the given employee id?

create or replace procedure proc_5 ( vempid emp.empno%type)

 is
emp_rec emp%rowtype;
begin
select * into emp_rec from emp where empno=vempid;
dbms_output.put_line(' employee details of '||vempid);
dbms_output.put_line('
***********************************************************************');
dbms_output.put_line(emp_rec.ename||','||emp_rec.sal||','||emp_rec.job||','||
emp_rec.hiredate);
end proc_5;

sample output:

employee details of 7902

FORD,3000,ANALYST,03-DEC-81

anonymous block completed

employee details of 7788
SCOTT,3000,ANALYST,19-APR-87

anonymous block completed

employee details of 7654
MARTIN,1250,SALESMAN,28-SEP-81

Ex: write a procedure to display the customer mobile number and name of the given
custid if he is male and from the city delhi?

desc cust_dtls
Name Null Type
---------- ---- ------------
CUSTID CHAR(4)
CUSTNAME VARCHAR2(20)
CUSTCITY VARCHAR2(10)
CUSTGENDER CHAR(1)
CUSTMOBILE NUMBER(10)

create or replace procedure proc_5(vcid cust_dtls.cno%type) is

--vmobile cust_dtls.mobile%type;
vcustname cust_dtls.cname%type;
begin
select cname into vcustname
from cust_dtls
where cno=vcid and gender='M' and city='Delhi';
dbms_output.put_line(' give customer id='||vcid);
dbms_output.put_line(' he is male and he is from delhi');
--dbms_output.put_line('mobile number is -'||vmobile);
dbms_output.put_line(' His name is '||vcustname);
end proc_5;

Ex: write a procedure to display number of emps working under given department
name?

Ex: write a procedure to display the number of customers from the given city with
given gender?
Ex: write a procedure to display the number of accounts of given account type?

1 create or replace procedure proc_insert_accounts

2 (argactno cust_act_dtls.actno%type,
3 argacttype cust_act_dtls.act_type%type,
4 argopendt cust_act_dtls.act_open_date%type,
5 argactbal cust_act_dtls.act_bal%type,
6 argcno cust_act_dtls.cno%type
7 )
8 is
9 reccnt int;
10 begin
11 select count(*) into reccnt
12 from cust_act_dtls;
13 dbms_output.put_line
14 (chr(10)||' old Record count : '||reccnt);
15 insert into cust_act_dtls values
16 (argactno,argacttype,argopendt,argactbal,argcno);
17 dbms_output.put_line
18 (chr(10)||' record inserted successfully');
19 select count(*) into reccnt
20 from cust_act_dtls;
21 dbms_output.put_line
22 (chr(10)||' New Record count : '||reccnt);
23* end proc_insert_accounts;
SQL> /

Procedure created.

SQL> declare
2 vactno cust_act_dtls.actno%type;
3 vacttype cust_act_dtls.act_type%type;
4 vactopendt date;
5 vactbal number;
6 vcno cust_act_dtls.cno%type;
7 begin
8 vactno:='&vactno';
9 vacttype:='&vacttype';
10 vactopendt:=sysdate;
11 vactbal:='&vactbal';
12 vcno:='&vcno';
13 proc_insert_accounts
14 (vactno,vacttype,vactopendt,vactbal,vcno);
15 end;
16 /
Enter value for vactno: 20035201489
old 8: vactno:='&vactno';
new 8: vactno:='20035201489';
Enter value for vacttype: CA
old 9: vacttype:='&vacttype';
new 9: vacttype:='CA';
Enter value for vactbal: 35000
old 11: vactbal:='&vactbal';
new 11: vactbal:='35000';
Enter value for vcno: cust-1
old 12: vcno:='&vcno';
new 12: vcno:='cust-1';
 old Record count : 7

record inserted successfully

New Record count : 8

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>

Ex:
write a procedure to display number of customers from given
account type with min bal 20000?

SQL> create or replace procedure proc_cust_cnt

2 (vact_type cust_act_dtls.act_type%type)
3 is
4 vcnt int;
5 begin
6 select count(*) into vcnt
7 from cust_act_dtls
8 where act_type=vact_type
9 and
10 act_bal>=20000;
11 dbms_output.put_line
12 (chr(10)||
13 'Given account type: '||vact_type||chr(10)||
14 'Number of customers: '||vcnt
15 );
16 end;
17 /

Ex: Write a procedure to display the name,sal,job,

hiredate,deptno for the given employee id?

create or replace procedure proc_emp( veno emp.empno%type)

is
type erec is record(
name emp.ename%type,
esal emp.sal%type,
desg emp.job%type,
jdate emp.hiredate%type,
dno emp.deptno%type
);

rec erec;
begin
select ename,sal,job,hiredate,deptno into rec
from emp where empno=veno;
dbms_output.put_line(' Ename='||rec.name);
dbms_output.put_line(' EmpSal='||rec.esal);
dbms_output.put_line(' Emp Job Title='||rec.desg);
dbms_output.put_line(' Emp join date='||rec.jdate);
dbms_output.put_line(' Emp Dept No='||rec.dno);
end proc_emp;
Advantages:

i) It is reducing the number of declarations of variables.

ii) It is reducing the amount of memory reserved for Record based variable.

Ex:
Write a procedure to display the name,cost and warrenty of the
product for the given product id?

Ex:
Write a procedure to display pname,cost,mfg,exp,companyName,Dealer
address,phonenumber for the given product id?

EX:
write procedure to display customer name,city,gender,account
name, balance from given account number?

create or replace procedure proc_cust

(vactno IN cust_act_dtls.actno%type)
is
TYPE custtype IS RECORD
(
cname cust_dtls.cname%type,
city cust_dtls.city%type,
gender cust_dtls.gender%type,
actname act_types.act_name%type,
actbal cust_act_dtls.act_bal%type
);
vrec custtype;
begin
select a.cname,a.city,a.gender,b.act_name,
c.act_bal
into vrec
from cust_dtls a inner join cust_act_dtls c
on
c.actno=vactno
and
(a.cno=c.cno
inner join act_types b
on c.act_type=b.act_type);
dbms_output.put_line
(chr(10)||
'Account number: '||vactno||chr(10)||
'Customer name: '||vrec.cname||chr(10)||
'City: '||vrec.city||chr(10)||
'Gender: '||vrec.gender||chr(10)||
'Account Name: '||vrec.actname||chr(10)||
'Account Bal: '||vrec.actbal
);
end;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------