Inp CHN

COMMUNITY
HEALTH NURSING
INTENSIVE NURSING
PRACTICE
(CONCEPT: COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING)
Prepared By: Ma. Diosul D. Roque, RN MAN
• Utilization of the nursing process • A specialized field of nursing practice

in the different levels of clientele- • A science of Public Health combined
individuals, families, population with Public Health Nursing Skills and
groups and communities, Social Assistance with the goal of
concerned with the promotion of raising the level of health of the
health, prevention of disease and citizenry, to raise optimum level of
disability, and rehabilitation.” functioning of the citizenry
(Maglaya, et.al) (Characteristic of CHN)
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF • The community is the patient in CHN, the

family is the unit of care and there are
COMMUNITY HEALTH four levels of clientele: individual,
family, population group (those who
NURSING share common characteristics,
developmental stages and common
exposure to health problems – e.g.
children, elderly), and the community.
• In CHN, the client is considered as an
ACTIVE partner NOT PASSIVE recipient
care
• CHN practice is affected by
developments in health technology, in ROLES OF THE PUBLIC
particular, changes in society, in
general. HEALTH NURSE
• The goal of CHN is achieved through
multi-sectoral efforts
• CHN is a part of health care system and
the larger human services system
• Clinician who is a health care

provider, taking care of the sick • Facilitator who establishes
people at home or in the RHU multi-sectoral linkages by
referral system
• Health Educator who aims
towards health promotion and • Supervisor who monitors and
illness prevention through supervises the performance of
dissemination of correct midwives
information; educating people
TARGET POPULATION I- NDIVIDUAL

F-AMILY
C- OMMUNITY
OBJECTIVES OF C- ontrol of Communicable Diseases
PUBLIC HEALTH
O- rganization of Medical and Nursing Services
D- evelopment of Social Machineries
E- ducation of IFC on personal hygiene
-→ Health Education is the essential task of every
health worker
S- anitation of the environment
•A social group of people

COMMUNITY interacting with each other,
determined through geographical
boundaries, living together to
attain a certain and common
goals and sharing the same
interest.
• I. PHYSICAL FACTORS
FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE A. Geography – altitude, latitude, and climate in the community
HEALTH OF THE COMMUNITY Tropical countries have warm humid temperature and the rainy
weather is conducive to parasitic and infectious diseases, poor soil
conditions result in inadequate food production and thus
malnutrition problems to population.
Temperate countries enjoy good conditions resulting in problems of

obesity and heart disease among population.
• I. PHYSICAL FACTORS • I. PHYSICAL FACTORS
B. Environment – natural resources, renewable or non- D. Industrial development – (positive effect)
renewable. = added resources for health programs
(negative effect) = environmental
C. Community size – larger communities may result in pollution with the discharge of by product,
increased health problems, the more developed community depletion of natural resources,
the more environmental problems. environmental accidents should be cleared
up and laws should be passed for quality
life and health.
• II. SOCIAL AND CULTURAL FACTORS • III. CULTURAL FACTORS

- How they view the world and how to behave in it in relation to other
- These arise from interaction of individuals or groups in the people, to supernatural forces and to the natural environment.
community.
Beliefs – on exercise and smoking, can influence policy makers
Ex. Urban – life is fast-paced, have access to better to quality whether they will ban smoking and appropriate budget for bike
trails.
medical facilities and personnel ,increased stress -related
illnesses. Traditions – eating ethnic food group
Rural – have poor and no access at all to health facilities.
Prejudices – racial and ethnic disparities will continue to put certain
groups such as the minorities at greater risk
Economy
➢ National tax revenues and reductions in health -Religion – can limit the type of
and social services
treatment their members can
➢ Local employment health benefits, unemployed
and under employed will have no source for
receive.
health. Ex. Cost of health care • IV. SOCIAL NORMS
- can be negative or positive and can
Politics – can jeopardize health by change overtime
decision or laws they make.
Ex. Cost of health care
1. PROMOTION OF HEALTHFUL LIVING
ELEMENTS OF A COMMUNITY Individual Level:
• Individual cessation
• Reduction of alcohol
• Drug abuse
• Exercise and fitness
• Stress management
Family Level:
• Family planning Group Level:
• Pregnancy and infant care • Occupational safety and
• Immunizations health
• Information about sexually • Accidental injury may be
transmitted diseases considered
2. PREVENTION OF HEALTH PROBLEMS

Health protection activities are
Community Level: highly varied. They may include
• Toxic agent control the prevention of nutritional
• Fluoridation of water supplies deficiency, accident at work and at
• Infectious agent control home, communicable diseases,
cardiovascular disease, lung
cancer, child abuse, poisoning,
pollution, and so on.
3. REMEDIAL CARE FOR HEALTH 4. REHABILITATION
PROBLEMS Focuses on reducing disability and / or restoring
Direct services – home visits for assessment and function.
monitoring of health problems, dietary planning, Ex. Individual level
administration of injections, personal care, home making -May assist physically disabled person regain some
services and information about equipment resources. degree of function, prevent further disability, and
Indirect services – focus on assisting people with health develop new skills that enable them to assume an
problems to obtain treatment. appropriate vocation or some degree of independence.
5. EVALUATION 6. RESEARCH
-On evaluation of health and health care services at Research, critical component of community health care
the individual, national and international levels is practice, provide the means to identify problems and
an essential component of community health examine improved methods of providing health
practices. services. Research may investigate:
-It aims to: ➢Patterns of illness and health
• Determine effectiveness of current activities ➢Possible causes and means of preventing specific
• Determine needs problems such as child abuse, suicide, homicide,
• Develop improved services. trauma and substance abuse.
• Deficiencies in services such as day care centers

or services for the elderly. TEN CHARACTERISTICS OF A
• The effectiveness of treatment programs such as HEALTHY COMMUNITY
weight reduction, stress management or substance
abuse programs.
• The effect of societal and environmental changes
on existing services.
• Utilization of existing health services.
1. Is one which the members have a high 3. Openly recognizes the existence of sub-
degree of awareness that we are a groups and welcome their participation in
community. community affairs.
2. Uses its natural resources while taking 4. Is prepared to meet crises
steps to conserve them for future
generations.
5. Is a problem solving community; it 7. Seeks to make each of its system’s

identifies, analyzes, and organizes to meet its resources available to all members.
needs.
6. Possess open channels of communication 8. Has legitimate and effective ways to settle
that allows information to flow among all disputes that arise within community.
its citizens in all directions.
9. Encourages maximum citizen THE EPIDEMIOLOGIC

participation in decision making. TRIANGLE
10. Promotes a high level of wellness among
its member.
The epidemiologic Triangle consists of three
components- host, environment and agent. The weather
model implies that each must be analyzed and
understood for comprehension and prediction of
patterns of disease. A change in any of the
component will alter an existing equilibrium to
increase or decrease the frequency of the
disease.
• Concerned with the study of factors that influence

EPIDEMIOLOGY the occurrence and distribution of diseases.
• Defect, disability or death which occur in groups or
aggregation of individuals.
• Study of the spread of disease in a group of
individual as in public health
• Concerns the factors of causation.
• Backbone of the prevention of disease.
Sporadic – intermittent
PATTERNS OF OCCURRENCE occurrence of a few isolated and
unrelated cases in a given
AND DISTRIBUTION locality.
Endemic – continuous
occurrence throughout a period of
time. of the usual number of cases
in a given locality.
Epidemic – unusually large
number of cases in a relatively
short period of time
Pandemic – simultaneous
occurrence of epidemic THANK YOU! ☺

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COMMUNITY

Prepared By: Ma. Diosul D. Roque, RN MAN

• Utilization of the nursing process • A specialized field of nursing practice

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF • The community is the patient in CHN, the

• Clinician who is a health care

TARGET POPULATION I- NDIVIDUAL

•A social group of people

Temperate countries enjoy good conditions resulting in problems of

• II. SOCIAL AND CULTURAL FACTORS • III. CULTURAL FACTORS

2. PREVENTION OF HEALTH PROBLEMS

• Deficiencies in services such as day care centers

5. Is a problem solving community; it 7. Seeks to make each of its system’s

9. Encourages maximum citizen THE EPIDEMIOLOGIC

• Concerned with the study of factors that influence

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