Scribd
Upload
134 views21 pages

Website Development Using PHP & Mysql: Fcait BCA

PHP cookies allow servers to identify and track users across multiple requests. Cookies are small pieces of data stored in the user's browser by the server. Cookies are created using the setcookie() function and accessed using the $_COOKIE superglobal array. Cookies can store user preferences, maintain shopping cart contents, and remember login sessions to personalize the user experience on a website.

Uploaded by

Kartik Singhal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
134 views21 pages

Website Development Using PHP & Mysql: Fcait BCA

PHP cookies allow servers to identify and track users across multiple requests. Cookies are small pieces of data stored in the user's browser by the server. Cookies are created using the setcookie() function and accessed using the $_COOKIE superglobal array. Cookies can store user preferences, maintain shopping cart contents, and remember login sessions to personalize the user experience on a website.

Uploaded by

Kartik Singhal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

0301501 FCAIT

Website BCA
Development using
PHP & MySQL
Unit - 4

Cookies

-Prof. Nirav Suthar

2
PHP Cookies

A cookie is often used to identify a user.

A cookie is a small fle that the server
embeds on the user's computer.

Each time the same computer requests a
page with a browser, it will send the
cookie too.

With PHP, we can both create and retrieve
cookie values.

PHP transparently supports HTTP cookies.
PHP Cookies

Definatioit

An HTTP cookie (also called web cookie,
Iiteriet cookie, browser cookie, or
simply cookie) is a small piece of data
sent from a website and stored on the
user's computer by the user's web
browser while the user is browsing..
PHP Cookies
PHP Cookies
There are three steps involved in identifying returning users.

Server script sends a set of cookies to the browser.
For example name, age, or identifcation number etc.

Browser stores this information on local machine for
future use.

When next time browser sends any request to web
server then it sends those cookies information to the
server and server uses that information to identify the
user.
How cookie works?
Uses of Cookies
●
Sessioi mnainagemeitt Cookies are widely used to manage user
sessions. For example, when you use an online shopping cart, you keep
adding items in the cart and fnally when you checkout, all of those items
are added to the list of items you have purchased. This can be achieved
using cookies.

●
User ideitifcnatioit Once a user visits a webpage, using cookies, that
user can be remembered. And later on, depending upon the search/visit
pattern of the user, content which the user likely to be visited are served.
A good example of this is 'Retargetting'. A concept used in online
marketing, where depending upon the user's choice of content,
advertisements of the relevant product, which the user may buy, are
served.

●
Trnackiig / Ainalyticst Cookies are used to track the user. Which, in turn,
is used to analyze and serve various kind of data of great value, like
location, technologies (e.g. browser, OS) form where the user visited, how
long (s)he stayed on various pages etc.
Cookie Anatomy
●
Cookies are usually set ii nai HTTP henader.
●
A PHP script that sets a cookie might send headers that look
something like this −

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 04 Feb 2000 21:03:38 GMT
Server: Apache/1.3.9 (UNIX) PHP/4.0b3
Set-Cookie: name=xyz; expires=Friday, 04-Feb-07 22:03:38 GMT;
path=/; domain=abc.com
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html
Cookie Anatomy
●
As you can see, the Set-Cookie henader
contains a name value pair, a GMT date, a
path and a domain. The name and value will
be URL encoded.
●
The expires feld is an instruction to the
browser to "forget" the cookie after the given
time and date.
●
If the browser is confgured to store cookies, it
will then keep this information until the expiry
date.
Create Cookies With PHP

A cookie is created with the setcookie() function.


Syitnax
setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain,
secure, httponly);
Only the name parameter is required. All other
parameters are optional.

The setcookie() fuictioi must nappenar


BEFORE the <html> tnag.
Create Cookies With PHP
Here is the detail of all the arguments −
Nname − This sets the name of the cookie and is stored in
an environment variable called HTTP_COOKIE_VARS.
This variable is used while accessing cookies.
Vnalue − This sets the value of the named variable and is
the content that you actually want to store.
Expiry − This specify a future time in seconds since
00:00:00 GMT on 1st Jan 1970. After this time cookie
will become inaccessible. If this parameter is not set
then cookie will automatically expire when the Web
Browser is closed.
Create Cookies With PHP
Pnath − This specifes the directories for which the
cookie is valid. A single forward slash character
permits the cookie to be valid for all directories.
Domnaii − This can be used to specify the domain
name in very large domains and must contain at least
two periods to be valid. All cookies are only valid for
the host and domain which created them.
Security − This can be set to 1 to specify that the
cookie should only be sent by secure transmission
using HTTPS otherwise set to 0 which mean cookie
can be sent by regular HTTP.
Create Cookies With PHP
<?php
$cookie_name = "user";
$cookie_value = "abcd";
setcookie($cookie_name, $cookie_value, time() + 86400, "/");?>
<html>
<body>
<?php
if(!isset($_COOKIE[$cookie_name])) {
echo "Cookie named '" . $cookie_name . "' is not set!";
}
else {
echo "Cookie '" . $cookie_name . "' is set!<br>";
echo "Value is: " . $_COOKIE[$cookie_name];
}?>
</body>
</html>
Create Cookies With PHP
An example that uses setcookie()
function to create a cookie named
username and assign the value value
John to it. It also specify that the cookie
will expire after 30 days (30 days * 24
hours * 60 min * 60 sec).
●
setcookie("username", "John", time()
+30*24*60*60);
Delete a Cookie

To delete a cookie, use the setcookie()


function with an expiration date in the
past:
setcookie("user", "", time() - 3600);
Check if Cookies are
Enabled
The following example creates a small
script that checks whether cookies are
enabled.
First, try to create a test cookie with the
setcookie() function, then count the
$_COOKIE array variable:
Accessing Cookies with PHP

PHP provides many ways to access cookies.


Simplest way is to use either $_COOKIE
variables.
Following example will access all the
cookies set in above example.
<html>
<body>
<?php
echo $_COOKIE["name"]. "<br />";

echo $_COOKIE["age"] . "<br />";

?>
</body>
</html>
isset() function
You can use isset() function to check if a cookie is set or not.
<html>
<head>
<title>Accessing Cookies with PHP</title>
</head>

<body>
<?php
if( isset($_COOKIE["name"]))
echo "Welcome " . $_COOKIE["name"] . "<br />";
else
echo "Sorry... Not recognized" . "<br />";
?>
</body>
</html>
Retrieving the Cookie value
<?php
print_r($_COOKIE); //output the contents of the cookie array
variable
?>

Note: $_COOKIE is a PHP built in super global variable.

It contains the names and values of all the set cookies.


The number of values that the
$_COOKIE array can contain depends on the memory size set in php.ini.

The default value is 1GB.

You might also like