Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

The ideas, subheadings, generalizations or conclusions, and others are all included in this

chapter. Those provided in this chapter aid in familiarizing the reader with knowledge that is

applicable and similar to the current study. This chapter highlights the results of a literature

research on the benefits and drawbacks of utilizing a textbook in an online class. In order to learn

more about the study, the proponents gathered information from other connected books and

studies. It specifies what has already been researched by others and how it relates to the current

study.

2.1 Introduction

This chapter shows the related literature both foreign and local for further understanding

of the study. This chapter contains the similarities and differences of the present study to the

other studies conducted by different authors. The researches elaborate the study on how not

having textbooks are advantages or disadvantage during online learning and whether or not it has

some impacts on the student’s learning performance.

The red-highlighted texts are considered as the author(s)/source(s). * Total = on progress

The advantages and limitations of textbooks

In his article, “The Role of Textbooks in a Language Program,” Richards, (n.d.) claimed

that “They may provide the basis for the content of the lessons, the balance of skills taught and

the kinds of language practice the students take part in. In other situations, the textbook may

serve primarily to supplement the teacher’s instruction. For learners, the textbook may provide

the major source of contact they have with the language apart from input provided by the

teacher”. He also has listed the limitations on the use of commercial textbooks in teaching has

shown both advantages and disadvantages, depending on how they are used and the contexts for

their use. Among the principal advantages are: (1) They provide structure and a syllabus for a

program; (2) They help standardize instruction; (3) They maintain quality; (4) They provide a

variety of learning resources; (5) They are efficient; (6) They can provide effective language

models and input; (7) They can train teachers; (8) They are visually appealing. However, it is

also listed that there are negative effects like: (1) They may contain inauthentic language; (2)

They may distort content; (3) They may not reflect students’ needs; (4) They can deskill

teachers; (5) They are expensive. Based on the mentioned lists above, we can consider this

source as a supporting idea considering that it is relevant to the study.

A Top Hat white paper released in 2018, The Death of Textbook Publishing & The

Future of College Course Content by Canadian Philip Preville [https://tophat.com/ebooks/death-

textbook-publishing-future-college-course-content/] quotes a survey showing that 65 percent of

also states that textbooks have increased in price by more than 1,041 percent since 1977.

Textbooks as an educational tool

Textbooks is a good and common educational tool because we've been learning with

these textbooks since we were in middle school. Textbooks are convenient to use, and a lot of

teachers and students like it having information in a book because it is already well-written and

terrific teaching tools. Having a source that are uncomplicated to get like textbooks is splendid.

Textbooks give well-organized work sections. A textbook has a lot of ideas and lessons you need

to thoroughly teach a specific topic. Students and teachers can benefit from them since anybody

can read a textbook. Harvard researchers discovered that using electronic devices before sleeping

increases the amount of time it takes to fall asleep (Lynch, M.). Sleeping late can result in a loss

of focus, decision-making, inventiveness, etc. which may lead to low grades. That’s why these

sources are useful and can help us make this research work.

Digital Textbooks Versus Print Textbooks (Isa lang source nito ah)

The textbook is one of the most frequent tools in the classroom; understand the benefits

and drawbacks of this instrument, as well as how to include additional resources into your

lessons. This resource will be very useful to new teachers. Includes ideas like using the textbook

as a student guide, supplementing the textbook with other readings, and more. Textbooks give

well-organized unstructured information. (Engbretch,2018).

Understanding the merits and drawbacks of this instrument, as well as how to include

other materials into your lectures, is one of the most important things you can do in the
classroom. New teachers will find this resource quite beneficial. Included are suggestions such as

using the textbook as a student guide, supplementing the textbook with additional readings, and

more. Unstructured information is well-organized in textbooks. Textbooks do have some

limitations. The following table lists some of the most common weaknesses of textbooks, along

with ways of overcoming those difficulties. (Engbretch,2018). Textbooks give well-organized

work modules. A textbook provides you with all of the plans and lessons you'll need to

thoroughly cover a topic. (Gautam,2020).

Textbooks’ significance and suitability

Students appear to regard computers as a new tool that inspires them and encourages

cognitive learning, despite the fact that a number of issues could obstruct learning progress by

producing cognitive load issues. We chose the term hypertext because we are comparing the

impact of a text given in a book vs computer-aided multimedia, albeit the multimedia

components of the computer-aided learning environment could warrant the usage of the larger

term hypermedia. In contrast, learners in traditional learning software still have a passive role,

dealing largely with navigation tools. Any hypertext that allows you to explore further into a

subject implies greater interaction, thus the end result is less likely to be linear learning and more

likely to be a networked thinking process. The fathers of hypertext, Nelson and Engelbart, were

inspired to develop the technology by Bush's (1945) article "As We May Think," which proposes

a type of collective memory computer named "Memex" (Memory Extender). Simply said, the

dynamic of hypertexts supports interactivity since the ability to self-regulate learning stimulates

investigation of one's own interests. As a result, hypertext is a constructivist learning

environment, providing a suitable learning environment that encourages the construction of

meaningful understanding, this similarity of hypertext and human memory may aid the learning

process. Hypertexts are regarded as an effective instructional tool with the added bonus of

permitting conceptual learning. The textbook offers information and knowledge.

Conclusion
References