11

Oral
Communication
in Context
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Nature, Process, and
Functions of Communication
Oral Communication in Context – Grade 11
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Nature, Process, and Functions of Communication
First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Module

Writer: Marylou E. Amora
Editors: Louie Mark Garvida, Imelda C. Martinez, Jerryl Jean L. Salunayan
Reviewers: Helen J. Ranan, Sally A. Palomo
Illustrator: Reggie D. Galindez
Layout Artist: John Arvin B. Genosa
Cover Art Designer: Ian Caesar E. Frondoza
Streamliner: Ritche M. Barte
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director
Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Romelito G. Flores, CESO V - Schools Division Superintendent
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Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM
Gerardo Magno – Subject Area Supervisor
Juliet F. Lastimosa - CID Chief
Sally A. Palomo - Division EPS In- Charge of LRMS
Gregorio O. Ruales - Division ADM Coordinator
Ronnie R. Sunggay / Helen J. Ranan – Subject Area Supervisor /
Coordinator

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Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
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Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-test are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module, or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you
will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also
provided to the facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. Read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any question in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

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 What I Need to Know

Hello! Have you ever realized how important communication is in our lives? It
is the key to live a successful life. Being able to communicate effectively is one of the
most important life skills one should acquire for it almost helps all aspects of life-
from personal to professional life and everything that falls in between.
Surely you will enjoy the learning activities here as they will give you
opportunity to gain understanding about communication-its nature, its process, and
its five basic functions.
In this module, you will be able to:
 explain the functions, the nature, and the process of communication
(/EN11/12OC-Ia-2/)
Specifically, you are expected to:
 identify the nature of communication;
 determine the elements of communication;
 explain the process of communication;
 discuss the functions of communication

What I Know

Before we start with our lesson, let us first check your knowledge about the
nature, process, and functions of communication by answering the following
questions. Write the letter of your choice on the space provided before each number.

_____ 1. Which of the following elements of communication refers to the information

or ideas conveyed by the speaker?

a. receiver
b. context
c. channel
d. message

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_____ 2. Which function of communication is served when people’s feelings are being
invoked?

a. control
b. social interaction
c. emotional expression
d. information dissemination

_____ 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

a. Communication occurs between two or more people.

b. Communication is a means of connecting people or places.
c. Communication cannot be expressed in both spoken words and nonverbal
actions at the same time.
d. Communication is a process of sharing and conveying messages or
information from one person to another.

_____ 4. Which is NOT part of the communication process?

a. Adding an idea
b. Encoding an idea
c. Receiving an idea
d. Generating an idea

_____ 5. Which of the following situations depicts a communication that informs?

a. Monica shares her personal frustrations with Liza.

b. The principal announces the cancellation of classes.
c. The teacher reads and discusses classroom policies to her students.
d. Phoebe shares her insights on how to live peacefully despite a
complicated life.

_____ 6. Which is not performed by sender in the process of communication?

a. Encoding an idea
b. Generating an idea
c. Sending a message
d. Decoding a message

_____ 7. What is provided by the receiver after decoding a message?

a. Noise
b. Message
c. Channel
d. Feedback

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_____ 8. What is the purpose of the speaker in this excerpt, “Good evening, I would
like to welcome you in our annual meeting. Our speaker for this evening is Mrs.
Thelma Hall. She will speak to us about the importance of early Childhoods
Nutrition Programme”?

a. To inform
b. To motivate
c. To control/regulate
d. To express emotion

_____ 9. Which of the following situations depicts communication that

controls/regulates behavior?

a. Telling someone to keep quiet

b. Asking people to donate blood for others
c. Convincing friends to hang out in the mall
d. Delegates introducing themselves in a student conference

_____ 10. It is a type of communication that doesn’t convey a message using words.

a. Oral Communication
b. Verbal Communication
c. Written Communication
d. Nonverbal Communication

_____ 11. Sometimes when communicating, you simply respond with a certain look
or glance. What type of communication is this?

a. Oral Communication
b. Verbal Communication
c. Written Communication
d. Nonverbal Communication

_____ 12. The following could be channels of communication except ________.

a. Memos
b. Vehicle
c. Discussions
d. Policy statements
_____ 13. Which of the following best defines communication?

a. Communication can occur among people.

b. Communication is a system of sending messages only.
c. Communication is imparting of information through words.
d. Communication is exchanging of thoughts, ideas, and messages
through speech, writing, signals, and body language.

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_____ 14. It is the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the
receiver.

a. Sending
b. Encoding
c. Decoding
d. Providing Feedback

_____ 15. What is the purpose of the speaker when his or her tone and bodily actions
are authoritative and firm when communicating?

a. To inform
b. To control/regulate
c. To express emotion
d. To motivate/persuade

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 Lesson Nature, Process, and
1 Functions of
Communication

Can you imagine yourself in a world without communication? You would not
be able to get your ideas across and you would not be able to take in ideas from
others. Possessing effective communication skills can really improve one’s life as it
would allow others and yourself to understand information accurately and quickly.
In contrast, having poor communication skills would lead you to frequent
misunderstandings and frustrations. Therefore, it is very important to have clear
understanding of its nature, the process, and its functions as it helps achieve
successful communication.

What’s In

According to Weber (2008) as cited by Dapat, et.al. (2016), 70% of the person’s
waking time is spent communicating in different manners like talking, listening,
reading, and writing. If you were to divide your daily communication activities, how
many percent would you give to each of the following communication manners? Write
it down by accomplishing the activity below.

Activity 1. Start Assessing Yourself!

Directions: Assess your communication activities by writing down your assigned
percentage in every communication manner.

Communication Activity Your Percentage Average Percentage

Talking 30
Listening 45
Writing 9
Reading 16
Total 70%
Take Note: This is the average time that people spend communicating, especially
the 45% listening statistics but these percentages may vary from person to person.

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 How is your assessment? Are you below or beyond the average? Your time
spent in talking, listening, writing, and reading will tell who you are as a
communicator.

What’s New

You have just assessed your communication activities. To become successful

in communication, you need to gain more understanding about our lesson. Just
enjoy in discovering ideas. Let’s get started!

Activity 2: Read, Match, and Complete!

A. Directions: Read the communication scenario inside the box and gain
insights about what communication is. Be ready to do the Match and the
Complete activities below.
A student, who lives in an apartment near the university where
he enrolls, wants some money for his rental and his monthly allowance.
Using his android phone, he sends a text message to his father asking
him to send him money. The father sends money through Palawan
Express Pera Padala, along with a text message cautioning his son to be
responsible in spending it. In both cases (sending the money and
sending text message), the father is responding to the communication
initiated by his son.

B. Directions: Match the items in Column A with their descriptions in Column B

based on the above scenario by drawing lines to connect the dots.

Column A Column B

1. student• • a. asking money from his father

2. father• • b. the one who wants and asks money

3. text message• • c. the student’s means to ask money

4. student’s message• • d. sending money and a text message

5. father’s response• • e. the one who sends money and the text message

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 C. Directions: Complete the diagram of communication process by putting the
missing elements listed below in correct box.

(Receiver Encoding Channel Decoding Feedback)

Sender 8.

6. Message 7. Message 9.

10.

What is It

You’ve just completed a set of activities. Have you now discovered some
insights about communication? Discover more! Just keep going with our activities.

Activity 3: Recall and Share!

Directions: Recall the communication activity performed between the student and
his father. Then, share your ideas about what communication is by completing the
statements on the spaces provided through the given guides.

1. In the given scenario, the student wants money at first. So, he sends a text
message asking money from his father. The father receives the message and responds
by sending money and a text message. The actions are in sequence. With these, what
can you say about communication?

Communication is a _____________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________.

2. The father and the student are involved in communication activity. The student
sends the message and the father receives and responds to the student’s message by
sending money and a text message. With these, what else can you say about
communication?

Communication occurs __________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________.

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3. The student in the scenario has an idea to communicate to his father through a
text message. With this, what other characteristic would you say about
communication?

Communication can be expressed ________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________.

4. How does communication between the student and his father take place? What
happen first? What happens next? How does it end? With these, what can you say
about the process of communication?

Communication process starts with ______________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________.

5. Do you just talk because you love to talk to others? In the scenario, the student
communicates to his father for a purpose. What do you think is his purpose? It is
one of the functions of communication.

Communication performs five important functions namely ________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________.

Definition of Communication
According to Mc Cornack (2014) as cited by Sipacio and Balgos (2016),
communication is a process of sharing and conveying messages or information from
one person to another within and across channel, context, media, and cultures.
There is a wide variety of contexts and situations in which communication can be
manifested. It can be face to face interaction, a phone conversation, a group
discussion, a meeting or interview, a letter correspondence, a class recitation, and
many others.

Nature of Communication

1. Communication is a process.

2. Communication occurs between two or more people (the speaker and the receiver).

3. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken words, actions

(nonverbal), or both spoken words and nonverbal actions at the same time.

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Elements of Communication
It is very important to understand the process of communication because you will
be able to better communicate your personal and professional life. As described as a
process, sender-receiver needs other elements to be able to complete the method. To
better understand the process, study and analyze the diagram below:

COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Sender Receiver

Encoding Message Channel Message Decoding

Feedback Barrier

Process of Communication

The speaker generates an idea.

The speaker encodes an idea or converts the idea into words or actions.

The speaker transmits or sends out a message.

The receiver gets the message.

The receiver decodes or interprets the message based on the context.

The receiver sends or provides feedback.

1. Speaker- the source of information or message

2. Message- the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words
or in actions
3. Encoding-the process of converting the message into words, actions, or other
forms that the speaker understands
4. Channel- the medium or the means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal
or nonverbal, in which the encoded message is conveyed
5. Decoding-the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by
the receiver
6. Receiver- the recipient of the message, or someone who decodes the message
7. Feedback-the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver
8. Context- the environment where communication takes place
9. Barrier- the factors that affect the flow of communication

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Functions of Communication

People do not just communicate because they love to talk. They communicate
for several reasons. For successful communication, it is important to have clear
purpose in mind.

Basically, there are five functions of communication. These are:

1. Control/Regulation- to control or regulate behavior or direct others, words are

usually directives, order, or requests, and tone and bodily actions are authoritative
and firm

Example: The teacher reads and discusses classroom policies to her students.

2. Social Interaction- to interact with others and be connected with other people,
words are mostly informal terms, and tone is friendly, even teasing, and bodily action
is relaxed

Example: Rose greets Rachelle; then, they start talking about their high school
memories.

3. Motivation-to motivate or encourage others to live better, words are more direct
and purposeful, gestures are emphatic, tone of voice is forceful, and with direct eye
contact to underscore speaker’s sincerity and conviction

Example: Liza shares her insights on how to live peacefully despite a complicated life.

4. Emotional Expression-to express feelings and emotions, words are carefully

chosen, and some nonverbal cues like touching, hand holding or hugging, putting
an arm around someone’s shoulder are evident

Example: Rica shares her personal frustrations to her friend, Cathy.

5. Information Dissemination- to convey information, words like “po and opo” are
used, simple words for children, not using too much jargon, actual demonstration,
and showing pictures or video

Example: The Geometry teacher lectures about mathematical concepts.

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 What’s More

You’ve already gained much insights about communication. This time, you
are challenged to do more. Show more understanding of our lesson. Do the activities
independently.

Activity 4: Guess the Word!

Directions: Supply the missing letters to form words associated to communication.
Your clues are written inside the parentheses.

1. P _ O _ _ _ S ( a 7-letter word which means series of actions)

2. I _ T _ _ _ _ T _ _ N ( an 11-letter word which means doings between

individuals or groups)

3. V _ _ B _ _ ( a 7-letter word which means relating to words)

4. N_ _ _ E _ _ _ L (a 9-letter word which means not involving words)

Activity 5: Speak Up the Process!

Directions: Speak up your understanding of the communication process by
arranging the statements below using numbers 1 to 6.

_________ Rico hears what Daphne says.

_________ Daphne loves Rico, her suitor, as a friend.

_________ He frowns and does not say something, because he is in pain.

_________ She thinks of how to tell him using their native language.

_________ She tells him, “Rico, mahal kita bilang kaibigan.’.

_________ He tries to analyze what she means based on the content and their

relationship, and he is heartbroken.

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Activity 6: What Can you Say?
Directions: What function of communication is depicted by the picture in every
number. Write Information, Control/Regulation, Motivation, Social Interaction or
Emotional Expression on the space provided.
1.

4.

____________________

2. _____________________

5.

____________________

3.

____________________

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 What I Have Learned

It’s time for you to seal your understanding of our lesson. Do the activity
confidently.

Activity 7: Fill Me Up!

Directions: Fill the blanks with appropriate words to complete the paragraph about
communication by supplying words that best complete it. Write your words on the
spaces provided.

Communication is a 1. __________ of sharing and conveying messages or

information that occurs between two or more people 2. ___________ and

3. ____________ . It can be expressed through 4. ___________ or spoken words,

5. ____________ (nonverbal), or both verbal and 6._______________ at the same

time. It has elements which serve as the main components of the

communication process namely: sender, encoding 7. ______________, channel,

8.________________, decoding, feedback, context, and barrier. Every action and

every word in communication have their function like 9.___________, social

interaction, motivation, control/regulation, or 10.______________.

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 What I Can Do

You have come this far. Congratulations! This time, you are encouraged to
visualize your understanding!

Activity 8: Show your Cooperation!

Directions: Make a Comic Strip of two panels about this pandemic crisis showing
your cooperation to the government’s precautionary measures to avoid the spread of
the virus, Covid 19. Given the situations with the identified purposes written inside
the parentheses, identify the elements of communication based on the completed
comic strips.

Situation 1: Your parent and you at home (Control/Regulation)

Sender: ____________________________________________
Receiver: ___________________________________________
Message: ___________________________________________
Feedback: __________________________________________

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Situation 2: A purok official and you in a basketball court (Motivation)

Sender: ____________________________________________
Receiver: ___________________________________________
Message: ___________________________________________
Feedback: __________________________________________

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 Assessment

You are doing great! It is now time for you to display your understanding of
the topic of this module.

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on the
space provided before every number.

_____ 1. Which doesn’t belong to the group?

a. sender
b. model
c. receiver
d. feedback

_____ 2. Communication can be expressed through the following except ______.

a. time
b. actions
c. written or spoken words
d. both spoken words and actions

_____ 3. In the communication process, the sender performs the following except

a. decoding ideas
b. encoding ideas
c. generating ideas
d. sending the message

_____ 4. Which of the following elements of communication refers to the process of

converting the idea into words or actions by the speaker?

a. receiver
b. channel
c. encoding
d. decoding

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_____ 5. Which of the following cannot be considered nature of communication?

a. Communication is a process.
b. Communication only occurs between two people.
c. Communication can be expressed in words, in actions, or both words
and actions at the same time.
d. Communication occurs between the speaker and the receiver.

_____ 6. Which order best explains the process of communication?

A. The receiver gets the message.

B. The speaker transmits or sends out a message.
C. The speaker generates an idea.
D. The receiver decodes or interprets the message based on the context.
E. The speaker encodes an idea or converts the idea into words or
actions.
F. The receiver sends or provide feedback.

a. ABCDEF
b. CEBADF
c. FEDCBA
d. CEABDF

_____ 7. Decoding an idea means _______________________.

a. generating an idea
b. converting the idea into words or actions
c. sending out the message
d. interpreting the message based on the context

For items 8-12, refer to the communication situations below:

Communication Situations:

A. A lecture on Subject-Verb Agreement

B. Delivering a valedictory address
C. A mother sharing the pain of not respected by her children
D. Friends getting together and enjoying each other’s company
E. Telling someone to wear mask

_____ 8. Which of the situations shows communication as information dissemination?

a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

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_____ 9. Which of the situations given above shows communication as motivation?

a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

_____ 10. Which of the situations shows communication as emotional expression?

a. B
b. C
c. D
d. E
_____ 11. Which of the situations shows communication as social interaction?

a. D
b. E
c. A
d. B

_____ 12. Which of the situations shows communication as control/regulation?

a. E
b. A
c. B
d. C
_____ 13. When you are tasked to report “Types of Speech Style” in Oral
Communication Class, what do you think is your purpose of communication?

a. motivation
b. social interaction
c. emotional expression
d. information dissemination

_____ 14. Communications that usually take place between the guidance counselor
and the referred student are for the purpose of ______________.

a. motivation
b. social interaction
c. control/regulation
d. information dissemination

_____ 15. When speaker’s purpose is to control or regulate behavior, he or she should
use what type of words?

a. words that are mostly informal terms

b. words that are direct and purposeful
c. words that are usually directives, orders, or requests
d. words like “po and opo” and simple words

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 Additional Activities

You are now to design and create your ideas of our lesson. Be informative
and creative.

Activity 9: Design and Create Now!

Directions: Design an Infographic showing the nature, process, and functions of
communication. Be guided by the rubric given and post your work in our Google
Classroom.

RUBRIC:

Criteria 1 point 2 points 3 points 4 points

The poster It does not have a It has a title It has a clear title
has no title. title that lets the that gives a that ties into the
Title reader know what reasonable idea subject of the
the poster is of what the poster.
about. poster is about.
All required Most of the It has most of It has all of the
elements required elements the required required elements
needed to to make reader elements to to make reader
make the understand the make the understand the
reader meaning of the reader meaning of the
Guidelines understand poster are missing understand the poster and all
the meaning or all elements are meaning of the elements are
of the poster there but their poster. placed in a well
are missing. placement would thought out way.
cause the reader’s
confusion.
It does not It does not have It has some It has clear and
have any clear and relevant clear and relevant
graphics/pic graphics/pictures relevant graphics/pictures
tures, no that are important graphics/pictu that are outlined
outlining, to the meaning of res that are or colored, and
Presentatio and the poster and its important in are important in
n information information may explaining the explaining the
is in pencil. or may not lack meaning of the meaning of the
outlining and poster and are poster and all
information may mostly information is
be difficult to outlined, and clear and easy to
understand. the information read.
makes sense.
Legible It does not have It has neat It has very neat
lettering, neat lettering that lettering that is lettering that is
pictures, and is legible or bold legible or bold, legible and bold,
Neatness other and the graphics and some and graphics are
important are not colorful or graphics are colorful and large
elements are large enough to be colorful or large enough to be
missing. seen. enough to be seen.
seen.

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1. d B.
2. c
3. c 1. b
4. a 2. e
5. b 3. c
6. d 4. a
7. d 5. d
8. a C.
9. a 6. Encoding
10.d 7. Channel
11.d 8. Receiver
12.b 9. Decoding
13.d 10. Feedback
14.c
15.b
What I Know What’s New
Guess the Word Fill Me Up!
1. PROCESS 1. process
2. INTERACTION 2. sender
3. VERBAL
1. b
3. receiver 2. a
4. NONVERBAL 4. written
Speak Up the Process 3. a
5. actions 4. c
415236 6. nonverbal 5. b
7. message 6. b
What can you Say! 8. receiver 7. d
1. Motivation 9. information 8. a
2. Information 10.emotional
9. b
3. Control/regulati expression 10. c
on 11. a
4. Emotional 12. a
Expression 13. d
5. Social 14. a
Interaction
15. c
Learned
What’s More What I have Assessment
Answer Key
References
Books:

Dapat, JR.O.,Sadorra,BE.B.,& Lumabi,BM.C. (2016).Oral communication in focus

for senior high school. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.

Sipacio, P. J., & Balgos, A.N. (2016). Oral communication in context for senior high
school. Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc.

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 DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: [email protected]