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    Consumer Chemistry: Quarter 1 - Week 5

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    Princess Loraine Duyag
    This document provides information on naming organic compounds using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. It explains that IUPAC nomenclature involves identifying the parent chain, classifying the compound as an alkane, alkene, or alkyne, and adding prefixes to indicate branches and functional groups. For straight-chain compounds, it describes how to name based on carbon chain length and functional groups. For branched compounds, it describes how to treat branches as alkyl groups and use numbering to indicate their location. The objectives are to explain IUPAC nomenclature and name organic compounds using this system.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Consumer Chemistry: Quarter 1 - Week 5

    Uploaded by

    Princess Loraine Duyag
    536 views5 pages
    This document provides information on naming organic compounds using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. It explains that IUPAC nomenclature involves identifying the parent chain, classifying the compound as an alkane, alkene, or alkyne, and adding prefixes to indicate branches and functional groups. For straight-chain compounds, it describes how to name based on carbon chain length and functional groups. For branched compounds, it describes how to treat branches as alkyl groups and use numbering to indicate their location. The objectives are to explain IUPAC nomenclature and name organic compounds using this system.

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    Con-Chem-Module-1-Week-5

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    This document provides information on naming organic compounds using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. It explains that IUPAC nomenclature involves identifying the parent chain, classifying the compound as an alkane, alkene, or alkyne, and adding prefixes to indicate branches and functional groups. For straight-chain compounds, it describes how to name based on carbon chain length and functional groups. For branched compounds, it describes how to treat branches as alkyl groups and use numbering to indicate their location. The objectives are to explain IUPAC nomenclature and name organic compounds using this system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    536 views5 pages

    Consumer Chemistry: Quarter 1 - Week 5

    Uploaded by

    Princess Loraine Duyag
    This document provides information on naming organic compounds using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. It explains that IUPAC nomenclature involves identifying the parent chain, classifying the compound as an alkane, alkene, or alkyne, and adding prefixes to indicate branches and functional groups. For straight-chain compounds, it describes how to name based on carbon chain length and functional groups. For branched compounds, it describes how to treat branches as alkyl groups and use numbering to indicate their location. The objectives are to explain IUPAC nomenclature and name organic compounds using this system.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    9

    DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
    Mandaue City Division
    Plaridel St., Reclamation Area, Mandaue City

    Engineering and Science Education


    Program
    Consumer Chemistry
    Quarter 1 – Week 5

    Naming of Organic
    Compounds
    Learning competency:
    Name the organic compounds in IUPAC system.

    Objectives:

    1. Explain the IUPAC system of naming organic compounds.


    2. Name the organic compounds in IUPAC system.

    What I know?
    Nomenclature
    The system of naming compounds is referred to as nomenclature. In the early history of
    organic chemistry, the names of compounds were related to the origin of certain properties of
    compounds of the compounds. With millions of organic compounds, it because necessary to
    develop a system of nomenclature. The system adopted was one recommended by the
    International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). The rules of this system are as
    follows:
    A. For hydrocarbon (alkane, alkene, alkyne)
    1. Select the longest continuous carbon chain in the molecule. Refer to the
    hydrocarbon name in the table below. This becomes the base name.

    NAMES OF HYDROCARBON AND THE ALKYL GROUPS

    Molecular Formula Condensed Structural Formula Name Alkyl


    (CnHn+1)
    CH4 CH4 Methane Methyl
    C2 H 6 CH3CH3 Ethane Ethyl
    C3 H 8 CH3CH2CH3 Propane Propyl
    C4H10 CH3CH2CH2CH3 Butane Butyl
    C5H12 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 Pentane Pentyl
    C6H14 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 Hexane Hexyl
    C7H16 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 Heptane Heptyl
    C8H18 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 Octane Octyl
    C9H20 CH3(CH2)7CH3 Nonane Nonyl
    C10H22 CH3(CH2)8CH3 Decane Decyl

    2. Add the following endings to the base name.


    -ane ----- alkane
    -ene ----- alkene
    -yne ----- alkyne
    Thus, the IUPAC names of the following hydrocarbons are
    a. CH3—CH2—CH2—CH3 --- butane ---- contains single bond (1- dash)

    b. CH3—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH3 --- pentane ---- contains single bond (1- dash)


    c. CH2=CH2 --- ethene ---- contains double bond (2- dashes)
    d. CH = CH --- ethyne ---- contains triple bond (3- dashes)

    3. In alkenes and alkynes, number the chain beginning all the end that is closer to the
    double bond or triple bond. The indicate position of the multiple bonds, use a prefix
    number before the alkane or alkyne name.
    Examples:
    5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5
    a. CH3—CH2--CH=CH2—CH3 not CH3—CH2--CH=CH—CH3
    2-pentene not 3-pentene

    1 2 3 4 10 9 8 3-C 4 3 2 1
    b. CH2=CH—CH2--CH3 c. CH3 --CH2—CH2—(CH2)3—CH2--CH=CH—CH3
    1- butene 2-decene
    In compounds containing two double bonds, the ending -diene is used.
    Examples:
    1 2 3 4 5 6
    CH3--CH=C=CH—CH2—CH3 2,3-hexadiene
    9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
    CH3—CH2—CH=CH—CH2—CH2--CH=CH—CH3 2,6-nonene

    4. In branched hydrocarbons, consider the branch as a constituent group and name it


    by changing -ane to -yl (alkyl).
    For alkanes, number the chain starting at the end that is closer to the branched. To
    illustrate the rule, refer to the following examples.
    5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5
    CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 not CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
    │ │
    CH3 CH3
    2- methyl pentane not 4-methyl pentane
    If identical substituents are present, use the prefixes di-, tri-, tetra, etc., and indicate the
    numbers with a comma. If different substituents are present, arrange them alphabetically.
    Examples:
    a. b.
    CH3 C 2 H5
    1 │2 3 4 5 7 6 5 │4 3 2 1
    CH3--CH2—CH2—CH2--CH3 CH3--CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH3
    │ │ │
    CH3 CH3 CH3
    2, 4-dimethyl pentane 4-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl heptane
    For branched alkenes and alkynes, follow rule 3 in numbering the carbon chain.
    Examples:
    C 2 H5
    5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 │5 6
    CH3--CH2—CH2 = CH2-- CH3 CH3 ≡ CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH3
    │ │ │
    CH3 CH3 CH3
    4-methyl-2-pentene 5-ethyl- 3,4-dimethyl-1-hexyne

    Independent Assessment 1

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