Organising for Safety

Organising for safety is a function of management that arranges

people and other resources to work towards SH&E goals
through the process of identifying and grouping the activities,
delegation of authority and assignment of duties.
CKK 1
Organising for Safety

CKK 2
 Organising for Safety
Need:
1. To meet the statutory requirement

2. To advice and support management and

employees for optimum utilization of resources to
achieve goals on accident prevention

3. Ensure effective implementation of H&S Policy

Also it can say to meet legal, social (humanitarian)

and loss prevention (economic) purposes.
CKK 3
 Organising for Safety

Nature:
Safety is a Line function and the function of
Safety dept. is staff function having advisory
role
But there can be line function with in the
Safety department
Eg: Safety, Fire, Occupational Hygiene,
Environment etc .
CKK 4
 Organising for Safety

Principle:
Person who has the control over
the workplace can only control the
safe or unsafe activities on that
workplace.

CKK 5
 Organisation structure:
SH&E Organization can be defined as the structure and process by which
groups of employees are divided into sections or departments, each section
or department is assigned specific SH&E function or duty.
Authority and responsibility of everybody is clearly defined and
interrelationship between them is specified for the accomplishment of
organizational SH&E goals.
A large unit may have Safety, Health & Environment department which may
have groups of people for exclusive of such SH&E function and
responsibilities. Even then they will be having only advisory and supportive
and monitoring roles.
But in a small unit (majority) if such division is not possible and only a few
persons are available for SH&E work, they will be assigned specific duty and
other departmental heads (production, purchase, personnel etc.) will be
assigned their role and responsibility towards SH&E goals.

All supervisors shall be integrated with SH&E as part of their duty.

Safety is everybody’s duty’ need be explained to all with their safety duty
given in writing or by displaying at their workplaces.
 SH & E Organisation Structure
• The SH&E Manager or Head of SH & E or Chief
SH&E Officer should report to the Chief
Executive of the factory
• The status should be that of a Senior Executive
• Salary should be that of Similar status
• Necessary facilities, equipment and human
resources support should be provided
• Lower level officers should be given appropriate
status.

CKK 7
Organisation structure: Line and staff organisation
A sample structure

Function of safety department is advisory role and hence it is a staff function

As per Factories Act, the Safety officer (if only one) or the Chief safety Officer
shall be under the direct control of the CEO .
 Functions and responsibilities of
Safety Officer
(As per Factories Rules)
• The duties shall be to advise and assist the
factory management in the fulfillment of its
obligations, statutory or otherwise,
concerning prevention of personal injuries
and maintenance of a safe working
environment.
• These duties shall include the following,
namely:-
CKK 9
 Functions and responsibilities
• (i) to advise the concerned departments in
planning and organizing measures necessary
for the effective control of personal injuries;
• (ii) to advise on safety aspects in all job
studies, and to carry out detailed job safety
studies of selected jobs;

CKK 10
 Functions and responsibilities
• (iii) to check and evaluate the effectiveness of
the action taken or proposed to be taken to
prevent personal injuries;
• (iv) to advise the purchasing and stores
departments in insuring high quality and
availability of personal protective equipment;

CKK 11
 Functions and responsibilities
• (v) to advise on matter related to carrying out plant
safety inspections;
• (vi) to carry out plant safety inspections in order to
observe the physical conditions of work and the
work practices and procedures followed by workers
and to render advice on measures to be adopted for
removing the unsafe physical conditions and
preventing unsafe actions by workers ;

CKK 12
 Functions and responsibilities
• (vii) to render advice on matter related to
reporting an investigation of industrial
accidents and diseases;
• (viii) to investigate selected accidents ;
• (ix) to investigate the cases of industrial
diseases contracted and dangerous
occurrences reportable under Factories
Rules.

CKK 13
 Functions and responsibilities
• (x) to advise on the maintenance of such
records as are necessary relating to
accidents, dangerous occurrence and
industrial diseases;
• (xi) to promote setting up of safety
committees and act as adviser and
catalyst to such committees ;

CKK 14
 Functions and responsibilities
• (xii) to organize in association with the
concerned departments, campaigns,
competition, contests and other activities which
will develop and maintain the interest of the
workers in establishing and maintaining safe
conditions of work and procedures ; and
• (xiii) to design and conduct either independently
or in collaboration with the training department,
suitable training and educational programmes
for the prevention of personal injuries.
• ….End

CKK 15
 Safety Committee

Purpose:
1. To meet requirements as per Factories Act
and Rules (Workers' participation in safety
management) :
Factories having hazardous process/
dangerous operation /hazardous substances or
250 or more workers are employed (contd)

CKK 16
 Safety Committee
Purpose:
2. To promote cooperation between the
workers and the management in
maintaining proper safety and health at
work and to review periodically the
measures taken
3. To use the right of workers to warn the
management about imminent danger
CKK 17
 Safety Committee
Structure:

1. Equal number of representatives of workers and management

2. The representatives of the management include:

(a) A senior official, who by his position in the organization can contribute
effectively to the functioning of the committee, shall be the Chairman.

(b) A Safety Officer and a Factory Medical Officer wherever available and
the Safety Officer in such a case shall be the Secretary of the
Committee

(c) A representative each from the production, maintenance and

purchase departments.

(3) The workers’ representatives elected by the workers.

CKK 18
 Safety Committee
Tenure: 2 Years

Frequency of meeting: At least Once in a

quarter

Minutes: To be recorded and produced before

the Inspector if demanded

CKK 19
 Safety Committee
Rights:
To get adequate and suitable information from management
on
a) Potential safety and health hazards to which the workers
may be exposed
(b) data on accidents as well as data resulting from
surveillance of the working environment and of the health of
workers exposed to hazardous substances,
provided that the Committee undertakes to use the data on a
confidential basis and solely to provide guidance and advice
on measures to improve the working environment and the
health and safety of the workers .

CKK 20
 Safety Committee
Functions and duties:

(a) assisting and co-operating with the management in achieving the aims
and objectives outlined in the “Health and Safety Policy” of the occupier;

(b) dealing with all matters concerning health, safety and environment and
to arrive at practicable solutions to problems encountered;

(c) creating safety awareness amongst all workers;

(d) undertaking educational, training and promotional activities;

(e) discussing reports on safety, environmental and occupational health

surveys, safety audits, risk assessment, emergency and disaster
management plans and implementation of the recommendations made
in the reports;

(contd)
CKK 21
 Safety Committee
Functions and duties:

(f) carrying out health and safety surveys and identifying causes of
accidents;

(g) looking into any complaint made on the likelihood of an imminent

danger to the safety and health of the workers and suggesting
corrective measures ; and

(h) reviewing the implementation of the recommendations made by it

[Where owing to the size of the factory, or any other reasons, the
functions referred to cannot be effectively carried out by the Safety
Committee, it may establish sub-committees as may be required to
assist it.]
CKK 22
 Safety Committee
Types of Safety Committee:
1. Departmental / Sectional Safety Committee (Mgt.
& Workers from dept)
2. Central / Factory/Works/Unit Safety Committee
(Mgt. and rep. of workers form whole factory)
3. Management Safety Committee
(Rep. from management only)
4. Safety board (Board members only)
5. Contractors' Safety Committee (Rep. of
Management, Contractors and their workers).
CKK 23
 Safety Committee

Refer:
Factories Act
Sec. 41G: Workers Participation in Safety management
Sec. 41H: Right of Workers to warn about imminent danger
Factories Rules
Rule No.81 I: Safety Committee
Rule No. 81F: Safety Officer
(End)

CKK 24
 Line and Staff functions
A wide variety of positions exist within a line-and-staff organization.
Some positions are primary to the company's mission, whereas others are
secondary—in the form of support and indirect contribution.
Although positions within a line-and-staff organization can be differentiated in
several ways, the simplest approach is given below:
Line Function:
A line position is directly involved in the day-to-day operations of the
organization, such as producing or selling a product or service.

Line positions are occupied by line personnel and line managers.

Line personnel carry out the primary activities of a business and are
considered very essential to the basic functioning of the organization.

Line managers make the majority of the decisions and direct line personnel
to achieve company goals.
Examples of a line managers are Production manager, Maintenance
manager, Marketing Manager etc.
CKK 25
 Line and Staff functions
Staff Function:
Staff positions serve the organization by indirectly supporting line functions.
Staff positions consist of Managers and other personnel.
Both Staff Mangers and other staff personnel use their technical expertise to
assist line personnel and aid top management in various organizational
activities (eg; EHS).
Staff Managers in addition, provide support, advice, and knowledge to other
staff personnel in the chain of command.

Although Staff Managers are not part of the chain of command related to direct
production of products or services, they do have authority over personnel under
him.
An example of a staff manager is a Safety Manager. He or she does not
actively engage in production or profit-making activities, but does provide legal
support and technical support to those who do.
Therefore, staff positions, whether Staff Managers or other staff personnel,
engage in activities that are supportive to line personnel.
Other Examples of Staff functions: Welfare Officer, Legal Officer etc.
CKK 26
 Safety and health function
The SHE as a function has both line and staff characteristics,
and the safety and health manager needs to recognize which
elements of the function belong to which category.

The physical accomplishment of workplace safety and health is

a line function.
Eg; Operator safe work practices are the responsibility of the
workers themselves, as directed by their line supervisor.

Maintenance departments are recognized as another line

function, the correction of facilities’ problems safely is again the
direct responsibility of the maintenance operators and their line
supervisors.

But when there is a need for support from the safety expert to
carry out job safely, it become a staff function.
CKK 27
 SHE Manager
The SHE Manager normally performs a staff function by acting
as a “facilitator” in assisting, motivating, and advising the line
function in achieving worker safety, health and Environment
related objectives.

The line function with in the department is receiving and giving

instructions for carrying out EHS related jobs.

The interest of line personnel in receiving the advice and

assistance from the SHE Manager depends on how important
the goal of safety, health and environment is to top
management.

The successful SHE Manager will be keenly aware of this need

for top management support.(End)

CKK 28
END OF THE SESSION

THANK YOU

CKK 29