ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our deep appreciation to the Department of Civil Engineering,
“Survey Instruction Committee”, Pulchowk Campus for organizing 10 days long Survey Camp
to enhance our perception and understanding on the subject of Survey.

Our sincere appreciation goes to our teachers namely: Mr. Narayan Basnet (Co-Ordinator),
Mr. Chandra lal Gurung (Deputy Coordinator), Mr. Bharat Bdr. Dhakal (Deputy Coordinator),
Asst. Prof. Nanda Shakya, Mr. Abhimanyu Lal Singh, Mr. Pradip Koirala, Mr. Vishnu Pd.
Sharma and Mr. Jayaram Maharajan. We are grateful to have such wonderful guidance.

We also would like to thank our friends, survey employees, food distributor and
transportation members for making our work look easy, for lifting our spirit and helping us in
surveying, calculations, plotting and report preparation. We are so blessed to have
wonderful company. The effort from our college and teachers are praiseworthy.

Lastly, we would like to thank T.U. administrator who provided us with very intuitive
working environment for completion of our survey camp.

Group: 36

Group 36
Name Roll no
Nabin Dhakal 074BCE084
Puja Chaudhary 074BCE114
Safal Sharma Poudel 074BCE129
Santosh Ranabhat 074BCE144

i
 ABSTRACT

This report is the outcome of 10 days Survey Camp 2076 (Kirtipur) organized by The
Survey Instruction Committee, Department of Civil Engineering, IOE, Pulchowk Campus for
the students of 074-BCE Batch as per the Syllabus of BCE. The camp was held inside the
Kathmandu Valley, in TU, Kirtipur from the date 18th Kartik to 27th Kartik 2076 B.S.

The report reflects the methodology, observations, and calculations made by the students in
the Camp with the corresponding drawings. The large portion is of course covered with
elements of topographic surveying, and then those of road alignment and bridge site survey
follow it.

Surveying is the science and art of determining the relative positions of above, on, or
beneath the surface of earth, and is the most important part of Civil Engineering. The results
of surveys are used to map the earth, prepare navigational charts, establish property
boundaries, develop data of land used and natural resource information etc. Further survey
maintains highways, railroads, buildings, bridges, tunnels, canals, dams and many more. Thus,
the objective of survey camp was to make us gain the experience in this field by performing
topographic survey in a large area, learning to propose road alignment and select suitable site
for bridge axis.

The report is prepared with great efforts and dedications of the students who have devoted
their immense from the very first time of fieldwork till today. The students are always learning
for knowledge and promotions. Therefore, we feel that this report deserves the excuses and
tolerances from the readers for any errors or blunders present, despite the best efforts.

GROUP: 36

Group 36
Name Roll no
Nabin Dhakal 074BCE084
Puja Chaudhary 074BCE114
Safal Sharma Poudel 074BCE129
Santosh Ranabhat 074BCE144

ii
 ACRONYMS
R.L Reduced Level

BM Bench Mark

TBM Temporary Benchmark

BS Back Sight

FS Foresight

RECCEE Reconnaissance

I.P. Intersection Point

CP Control Point

HCR Horizontal Circle Reading

VCR Vertical Circle Reading

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 Table of Content Page

1. Introduction 1
1.1.Objectives of Survey Camp 1
1.2.Location Map 2
1.3.Project Area 2
1.4.Location and Accessibility 2
1.5.Topography & Geology 2
1.6.Temperature, Climate and Variation 3
1.7.Others 3
2. Topographical Survey 5
2.1.Objectives 5
2.2.Brief Description of the Area 5
2.3.Technical Specifications (Norms) 5
2.4.Equipment & Accessories 6
2.5.Methodology 6
i. Traversing 6
ii. Balancing of Traverse 7
iii. Tachometry 8
iv. Leveling 8
v. Contouring 10
vi. Electronic Distant Measurement 11
2.5.1. Reconnaissance 11
2.5.2. Major Traverse 12
2.5.3. Minor Traverse 13
2.5.4. Detailing 14
Total Station 14
2.5.5. Computation and Plotting 18
2.6.Resection 19
2.7.Comments and Conclusions 22
3. Bridge Site Survey 23
3.1 Objectives 23
3.2 Brief Description of the Site 23
3.3 Hydrology, Geology, Soil 23
3.4 Equipment and Accessories 24
3.5 Methodology 24
3.4.1 Site Selection 24
3.4.2 Topographical Survey 24
3.4.3 L-Section & X-Section 25
3.4.4 Leveling 25
3.4.5 Detailing 25
3.4.6 Computation & Plotting 26
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 3.6 Comments and Conclusions 26
4. Road Alignment Survey 27
4.1 Brief Description of the Area 27
4.2 Geology, Hydrology & Soil 27
4.3 Technical Specifications (Norms) 27
4.4 Equipment & Accessories 28
4.5 Methodology 28
4.5.1 Reconnaissance 28
4.5.2 Horizontal Alignment 29
4.5.3 Vertical Alignment 29
4.5.4 Levelling 29
4.5.5 L-Section and Cross Section 29
4.5.6 Curve Setting 30
4.5.7 Simple Circular Curve 30