MATRICES & DETERMINANTBf kercise3 PART SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS Section (A): Matrix, Algebra of Matrix, Transpose, symmetric and skew symmetric matrix, AA. Construct a 3 2 matrix whose elements are given by a, find x, y, 2, w 2 456 A3. 4 will AB be equal to BA. Also find AB & BA. 6 7-8 2 7-12) 3-4 : Ad A=] _4 Jothon show thata’=] 5 5 AS. A=] oy 2 | show that (1+A)= (I-A) | [cosa -sinaw tant oo sina cosa. 2 As. F*. Show that A is skew-symmetric matrix. ‘cosx -sinx 0) AT. Given F(x)=|sinx cosx 0]. Ifxe o o 1 FI Then for what values of y, F(x + y) = F(x) F(y). Section (B) : Determinant of Matrix 0 1 seca tana -seca tana B+1, Ifthe minor of three-one element (i.e. Ms,) in the determinant is 1 then find the o 4 Value of «(05 ax) B2, Using the properties of determinants, evaluate a3 6 11 oc fe 5 24 fe Jos 13.7 lb -a hos 115 1144) fi19. 116 104 Bu vB | iy |114 108 106] + fos 106 1141. ite +V28 5 VO ios 113 146] fits 114 109] aves VIS 5 daksnana Matrices & Determinant B14B-3. Prove that 14 @ [a & ef =(a—b)(e-e) (Ca) (at b+) la? b® c® la b+e a?| i) lb cea b’l =_(a+b +c) (a—b) (b—c) (c—a) lc a+b c?| boc aia (i) |b crab] = dabe ca 1a? af 114064 (wy) f]t b? bi} =(@+by(b+ey(orayJa bc 1? of a? b? c? B-4. Ifa, b, care positive and are the p*, q®, r terms respectively of a G.P., show without expanding that, loga p 1 logo gq 1 loge 1 =0. B-5. Find the nonzero roots of the equation a b ax+b [1s-2x 11 10} @ a=] b ce bx+e (fx 17-46] =0 Jax+b bx+e rx 14 13 So S; Sz| B46. IfS,=a'+pr+y'thenshowthat |S, S23] =(a—p)? (B-7)? (y- a) Sz Ss Ss| layiy+bym, aylyrbym, ayly+bymy B-7. Show that Jagl;#bgm, agl,+bgmy agl,+bams) = 0. lasly#bsm, aslz+bsm, agls-+bsma| e sinx Jcosx én(t+x)| Bs. if =A+Bx + Cx?+....., then find the value of A and B. Section (C) : Cofactor matrix, adjoint matrix and inverse of matrix. 2-4 5 2] 25) et. A=| 3 4 |.B=| 7 4 /-C=|3 9 |andAB-CD=0 find D, €2. ) Prove that (adj adj) =|AP=A (i) Find the value of jagj adj adj Al in terms of AL dakshana Matrices & Determinant BIS]30-14 12 -2 c3. At=|-15 6 -5|aB=|-1 3 0 |, find(ABy’ 5 -2 2 o -2 1 C-4_, IfAis a symmetric and B skew symmetric matrix and (A+ B) is non-singular and C= (A+B)-' (A-B), then prove that () CT(A+B)C=A+B @) — CT(A-B)C=A-B Section (D) : Charactristic equation and system of equations D-1. Apply Cramer's rule to solve the following simultaneous equations. () 2xty+6z2=46 5x-6y+4z=15 Tx#4y-32=19 (i) x4 2y43z=2 x-ytz=3 x= My +z=17 D-2. Solve using Cramer's rule: + =-18& yr7 D-3. Find those values of ¢ for which the equations: ax+3y= (c+2)x+(c+4)y=0+6 (c+2)?x + (c+4)Fy = (c+6)* are consistent. Also solve above equations for these values of c. D-4, If the system of equations ax +y+z=0,.x+by+z=Oandx+y+cz= , where 1 11 a,b, ¢# 1, has a non-trivial solution, then find the value of — [32 Ds. 1 1 | find a &b so thatA? + aA + bl = 0. Hence find A~ Ds. show that’ PART - Il : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE Section (A): Matrix, Algebra of Matrix, Transpose, symmetric and skew symmetric matrix, A-1.The number of different possible orders of matrices having 12 identical elements is (a3 ()1 (6 {D) none of these aa [Pe el fa ve 4 (a)-1 (6)2 (1 (D) No value of x dakshana Matrices & Determinant 1316]A3. 1], then 2 (@AB=F2 -1 4] (D) AB does not exist aome(t ® 1 oso sino . Aa tela Gfa=|y gf amd B= losin conten = (A) Icosé + Jsine (B) Icosé — Jsiné (C) sine + Jcosé (D)—Icosé + Jsiné ‘A-5. —_In.an upper triangular matrix A [a],.. the elements a, = 0 for Aji<) (8) (piri (isi (x42)? 5x? 2x .B=labclandc=| 8x? 2x (x+ 4)? 2x (x42)% 5x? 1 6x Let A= Where a, b, c and x e R, Given that tr (AB) = tr(C), then the value of (a + b + c). 7 (8)2 (1 (0/4 A-T. _ IfAis a skew- symmetric matrix, then trace of Ais, (Ay (B)-1 (c)o (D) none of these A:8. — IFA= diag (2, -1, 3), B = diag (~1, 3, 2), then A2B = (A) diag (5, 4, 11) (B) diag (- 4,3, 18) (C) diag (3, 1,8) (0B Pa Ag. sta=[? ‘| such that det(A) = r where p, q, rall prime numbers, then trace of Ais equal to Aye (B)5 (c)2 (0)3 0 1) 3t Ado, A=|> gland (A +APHAHATHI)V=| 60 (Where Lis the (2 * 2) identity matrix), then the product of all elements of matrix V is (aya (Bt (3 (0)-2 Section (B) : Determinant of Matrix B-. If Aand B are square matrices of order 3 such that |A| = ~ 1, |B] = 3, then |3AB] is equal to a-9 (®)-81 (c)-27 (81 cos'x cosy cos*z *| such that |Al = 0, then maximum value of x + y +z is (a3 darshnana Matrices & Determinant 317] (c)4 (D)2B-3, B-4, B-6, B10. A 204 The absolute value of the determinant |3 + 2V2_ 2+2V2 1] is: js-2v2 2-22 1 (A) 162, (8) 8v2, (cs (D) none of these le B 4 Ifa, B & y are the roots of the equation x° + px + q = 0: then the value of the determinant |B. y |= ra 8 (ap (a (©) p-2q (D) none of these latsan* 1 Ifa, b,c> 0 &x, y,z © Rthen the determinant |[b’+b¥ a] = oz+0* 1 (A) arbre (8) arbre (Cy amparce (0) zero bo? be b+e Ifa, b & ¢ are non-zero real numbers: then D=|c’a? ca c+al = ae? ab arb (A) abe (B) atb2c? (C) be+cat+ab (D)zero icy cry arty The determinant [b,+¢, cpta, apsb,| = bs+C3 Cgtay a3+bs| lar by lar by | lar by | (A) faa be | (@)2 faz by c2 (C)3 fa, bz cz] — (O) none of these las by las ba 64] las by oy x Key xeyaz Ifx,y,zeR &A=|2x Sx+2y 7x+5y+22| 16 then value of x is lsx 7x+3y ox+7y+32| (a)-2 @)-3 (2 (3 |cos(O+) —sin(O+$) cos2i The determinant] sind cos8_—_sinb | is: cos) sind cos (ajo (8) independent of (C)independent of} _(D) independent of 0 & > both Let A be set of all determinants of order 3 with entries 0 or 1, B be the subset of A consisting of all determinants with value 1 and C be the subset of A consisting of all determinants with value —1. Then ‘STATEMENT -1 : The number of elements in set B is equal to number of elements in set C. and STATEMENT-2: (BC) CA (A) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is correct explanation for STATEMENT-1 (8) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is not correct explanation for ‘STATEMENT-1 (©) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2s false (0) STATEMENT-" is false, STATEMENT-2is true (©) Both STATEMENTS are false dakshana Matrices & Determinant B18]Section (C) : Cofactor matrix, adj matrix and inverse of matrix. 1 2) ca. tas |2 jf Ietten agi a= 1-2 24 1-2 lo 4 Bla ©}. 1) sind 0 o2. cosd 0 then adj A= o1 (8)! (c)o (D) Ae fa o 0 3, 0 b 0], then a= lo oc fa 00 o 0} Va 0 0} lo bo (8)} 0 -b of (fo 1 0 | (O)none ofthese c 0 0 0 0 wel 4, If Bis anon-singular matrix and Ais a square matrix, then det (B~' AB) is equal to (A) det (A) (8) det (6") (C) det (A) {D) det (8) ©5. IFA, Bare twon x n non-singular matrices, then (A)ABis non-singular (8) ABis singular (C)(ABy' =A“ BY (D) (AB)" does not exist 12) [10 [2 4 1 [-2 4) ] Wals -5 @rIl3 s| | (D) none of these -1 2 -3]) 7. LetA=|-2 0 3 | beamatrix, then (det A) x (adj A-*) is equal to 3 °-3°1 12-3 3-3 1 (A)0,.5 ®, @l-2 0 3| @ls o -2 3-31 -12 -3 dakshana Matrices & Determinant B19cs. ax? ab-ox acrbx x ce -b STATEMENT-1:1fA= [224° Do +x be-ax| agpe|-c x 8 | then JAI=IBP. ac-bx be+ax 2 +x b -a x STATEMENT.2 : IA‘is cofactor matrix of a square matrix Aof order n then [A‘ (A) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 ‘STATEMENT. (8) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is not correct explanation for STATEMENT-1 (©) STATEMENT- is true, STATEMENT-2s false (©) STATEMENT-1isfalse, STATEMENT.2is true (€) Both STATEMENTS are false rar! correct explanation for Section (D) : Charactristic equation and system of equations D-t. D-2. D3. D4. Ds. D6", The system of equation - 2x +y +z= 1, x—2y+z=-2,x+y+Az=4 will have no solution if (A)A=-2 (B)A=-1 (cya {D) none of these The system of linear equations x + y—2=6, x + 2y-3z= 14 and 2x + Sy-42=9 (3. « R)has a unique (B)ar8 (C)as7 (D)ae7 If the system of equations x + 2y+3z = solutions and solution triplet is |. X+ py + 2z = 3, x+4y + yz = 3 has an infinite number of (A)p= 1A) (B) p= 2, w= 4and (5-42, (C) 3p =2yand (6-42, 2-1, 2A) (D) p=4, u=2and (5-42, Let and a be real. Find the set ofall values of. for which the system of near equations have infinite solution V real values of a. ax+ (Sin aly + (cos a) z= 0 x+ (cos ay + (sin a) z=0 —x+ (sina) y+ (cos a) 2= 0 (Gx. YB)Y (Y2. 0) @)- (©)-5,- 2) (O)none of these ao bl [x] [0 veta=]' © 1) )¥1=|°) where a,b,c, de © (0, 1) co d|[z| |o then number of such matrix A for which system of equation AX = 0 have unique solution. (A)16 6 (cs (D) none of these 3 i] isa root of polynomial x~ 6x? + 7x + =, then tho value of kis (8) 4 (©) -2 (01 dakshana Matrices & Determinant 320]PART - Ill : MATCH THE COLUMN 4. Column Column t f123)[1 “ trxajesel|2 = 0 then x= © 2 la 2s|l3 1-1 (@_Hesquare matixA= |g | and A?—2xA+ 51, =0, then find x @ -2 24 7 (© HA=|i2 g) andB=| gq [here (A~B)is uppertriangular =) matrix then number of possible values of u are fore? a? a? 3 (0) if} be (c+a)* bb? | =k abo(a+b +o} (s) -g oe of (aby then the value of kis 2. Column-1 Column—1 (A)___ IfAand B are square matrices of order 3 x 3, where. () 7 (Al = 2 and |B] = 1, then |(A~) . adj (B") . adj (2A) = (8) If Ais a square matrix such that A? = A and (I+ A)? = 1+ kA, @ 8 then k is equal to (©) If Aand B are two invertible matrices such that Cn) ‘AB = C and [A|= 2, |C| =— 2.then det(B) is (0) fA=[aJ,,, is a scalar matrix with a,, ) -1 and A(adjA) = kl, then kis PART - 1: ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE 1. IfAB=O forthe matrices _ | c0s?@ cosesine | cos? — cosssine| =|cosasine sin?o | cosgsing —sin?g | ene —dis (A) an odd multiple of 5 (8) an odd mutiple of x (Cyan even mutipe of = oo daksnhana Matrices & Determinant B21)10. 1, -4 3n —4n) [2en 5-n] a (ay net = 4n Aly al ®!, nl Ole cay (ant) IFA and B are two matrices such that AB = B and BA=A, then A? + B? = (A) 208, (8) 2BA (C)A+B (0)AB Find number of all possible ordered sets of two (n x n) matrices A and B for which AB— BA=1 (A) infinite (yr (nt (O)zer0 IfB, Care square matrices of order n and ifA= B + C, BC = CB, C? = 0, then which of following is true for any positive integer N. (A) AY = BY(B + (N+ 1) C) (B)AY = BY (B+ (N+1)C) (C)AN' =B (B+ (N+ 1)C) (D) AY" = BN (B+ (N +2) C) IfAis a skew - symmetric matrix and nis an even positive integer, then A” is (A) a symmetric matrix (B) a skew-symmetric matrix {C)a diagonal matrix (D) none of these Matrix A is such that A? = 2A—1, where I is the identity matrix. Then for n> 2, AP (A)nA=(n=1)1 (B) nA (C)2-tA-(n= 1) (OYA sinBcos$ sin8sing cos8 Let. =| cosdcosé cosdsing -sin|, then =sinésing sindcosh 0 (A) Ais independent of 8 (B) Ais indepedent of § {C) Ais aconstant (D)none of these teattat trabsar? trac +are4 fi+ab+a’b* 1+b?+b* 1+be+b’c*) is equal to li+ac+a’c? t+be+b’c? +c? +c! (A) (a -b)* (b- c)? (c— a)? (B) 2(a-b) (b~c) (c-a) (C) 4(a-b) (b—c)(c— a) (D)(a+b+ep PH ab ac I p=|ba bt be] thenD= ca cb ctf (A) teats bere? — (B) ate b?+o2 (©) (arb+e) (D) none of these a—x atx a? Value of the A=|a°-x a°-x a’ —x/is a’-x a®-x a®—x (Ayo (B) (a* ~ 1) (a® - 1) (a1) (C) (a? +1) (a* +1) (a? +1) (D)as—4 darshnana Matrices & Determinant [322]2a be f ade 42. rays [2 8 Ff 22 4% 2! then the value of A, — A, is 4x 2y 22 e a b y (xt rz (a2 (c)o (0)3 13. Ifa, b, ¢ are non zeros, then the system of equations (a+a)x+ay+oz=0 ax + (a+ bly baz =0 ax tay + (a + o)2=0 has a non-trivial solution if (A) = (at +b +c") (B)o'=atbte (C)atatb+c=1 (D)none of these 14. From the matrix equation AB = AC, we conclude B = C provided: (A) Ais singular (B)Aisnon-singular (C)Ais symmetric (D) Ais asquare 15. _IfAis.a square matrix of order n x n and k is a scalar, then adj (kA) is equal to (A) kadjA (@)kradjA (C) kr" adj (D) kv adj cosa -sina 0 cosh 0 sips 16. IfF(a)=|sina cosa 0] andG(p)=| 9 1 0 J, then [F (a) G (6) o oOo 1 =sinB 0 cosp. (A) F (a) - G(B) (B)-F (a)-G (8) (C)IF@F IGF (0) (GG) Far PART - Il: SINGLE AND DOUBLE VALUE INTEGER TYPE Let X be the solution set of the equation o4 4 434 Ax = 1, where A = | and 1 is the unit matrix and X < N then the minimum value of 3-3 4) Tieos*e sine), 0.€ Ris: IfAis a diagonal matrix of order 3 « 3 is commutative with every square matrix of order 3 * 3 under multiplication and tr(A) = 12, then the value of [A] is. 3%, A,is.a (3x3) diagonal matrix having integral entries such that det (A) = 120, number of such matrices is 10n, Then nis b+c c+a a+b lc+a asb b+c Jasb bec cra arb ait 20, where a, b, c © R'—(0}, then —— is la, a as| . -|5 4 a 5% fay. a,.a,, 5,4, a, a,,a,,a, are in H.P. and D = then the value of 21D is ay ae (Where [| represents, the greatest integer function) dakshana Matrices & Determinant 323]7 8A. on, 10%. 14, 12, 13, 140, 15% 16. 174 Javb+200 a b © beeh2a ob = k(aa + fb + yo)?, then (2a + B-7)kis (0, B,7.k € 2") c a cha+2b If Ais a square matrix of order 3 and A’ denotes transpose of matrix A, A’ A= I and det A = 1, then det (A—1) must be equal to ‘Suppose Ais a matrix such that A? = A and (I+ A)® = 1+ kA, then kis abe bes be ct + be Ih? +ac -ac ¢? +ac| = 64, then (ab + be + ac) is lb? +ab b?+ab -ab tesin’x cos?x — 4sin2x Letf(x)=| sin?x 4+008?x —4sin2x_| then the maximum value of f(x) is sin? x cos*x § 14+4sin2x n 45 x 2N+1 2Ne4 and DU, 3N? 3N+4] * 2 0? then 21s IU, ln? n° The absolute value of a for which system of equations, a°x + (a + 1)y + (a + 2)'z=0, ax+ (a+ t)y+(a+2)z=0,x+y+2z=0, has a non-zero solution is: Consider the system of linear equations in x, y, z: (sin 38) x-y+z=0 (cos 20) x + 4y + 3z=0 2x + Ty +7z=0 Number of values of 8 € (0, 2) for which this system has non - trivial solution, is The value of ‘2k for which the set of equations 3x + ky - 22 = 0, x + ky + 3z=0,2x+3y-4z Ohas a non — trivial solution over the set of rational is: os a5 a Asin : B] As|& an en A= . a 3 ae] Where a, =[ log," ] (L] denotes greatest integer). Then trace of A,, ROR 4 ton eas -2 3 i{h(a-aeo} z| 17 19 | fora=|s -4 then 2 is / 7-115 7 2 20 - GivenA=|5 @ 0 |Fora © R—{a, b), A~ exists and A= A?— SbA + cl, when a= 1. The value of Oa 3 a+ Sb+cis dakshana Matrices & Determinant 324]PART - Ill : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT TYPE 7A, Which one of the following is wrong ? (A) The elements on the main diagonal of a symmetric matrix are all zero (8) The elements on the main diagonal of a skew - symmetric matrix are all zero (©) For any square matrix A, AA’ is symmetric (0) For any square matrix A, (A + A’)? =A? + (A')? + 2A’ 1 Which ofthe following is true for matrix A= | 3 (A) A+ 4lisa symmetric matrix (8) AP-4A+51,=0 (C) A—Bisa diagonal matrix for any value of a if B =| 4] {D) A—4lis a skew symmetric matrix ‘Suppose a,, a,, a, are in A.P. and b,, b,, by are in H.P. and let la,—b, a,—b, ay—by la,—b; a,b, a,—bs|, then la;-b; a;-b, a3 -b, (A) dis independent of ay, a,, 2, (8) a,—, a, ~ 2A, a, - 30 are in AP. (C)b, #4, b, + 42, by + Aare in HP, (D) Ais independent of b,,b,,b. x 2y-2 0-2 ias|¥ 2-2 | then y 2y-z 2x-2y-z (A) x= yis a factor of a (8) (x ~y)is a factor of & (C) («-y) is a factor of A (D) Ais independent of z x ab Leta, b>Oanda=|b a (A) a+ b-xisa factor of A (B) x? + (a+ b)x + a? + be ab is afactor of 4 (C) A=0 has three real roots if a= (D)a+b+xisa factor of A bc bate Thedeterminenta=| ¢ d — catd | is equal to zero it bate ca+d aa*—ca (A)b, 6, dare in AP. (8)b, 0, dare in GP. (C)b.¢, dare in HP. (D) ais a root of ax*— bx? 30x- d= 0 a(i+x) ab ac The determinant =| ab b(1+x) be _| is divisible by ac be (14x) (A) x43 (8) (14 xF (yx? (pert dakshana Matrices & Determinant 325]on, 10. 1, 12. 13. 144, 15. ax eum 2 I f09 = Ja*e®"*__x* |, then aX oo 4 (A) PO) FX) =O (B) FOX) F(X) ° (C) fx) + f(-x) =O (D) fx) - f(x) = 0 IfAis a non-singular matrix and AT denotes the transpose of A, then: (A) IAL # IAT (B) |A-AT] = JAI? (C) TAT AL = JATI2 (0) JAI+IAT] 4 0 2sinx sin?x 0 Let f(x)=] 1 2sinx sin?x/, then 0 1 2sinx (A){(x) is independent of x (8) *(w2)=0 (©) Jrooex=0 (0) tangent othe curve y=1(x) atx = 018 y= 0 1 x x Let a= fx? 1 x], then x4 (A) 1— xia factor of (B) (1 —x°}Fis factor of A {C) A(x) = 0 has 4 real roots (0) a(t)=0 [Nx logx x” Letf(x)=] 1 -1/n (-1)"], then (where f(x) denotes n derivative of fix)) 1 a a (A) P(1)is indepedent of a (8) P(1)is indepedent of n {C) (1) depends ona and n (©) y=a(x-1°(1)) represents a straight line through the origin Pook 1 0 Lettiy=| 1 2008x 1 |, then 0 4 2c0sx (a) [toe =0 (B) maximum value of f(x) is 4 (c) 4M, fx) =0 (2) F(0)=0 IfD is a determinant of order three and A is a determinant formed by the cofactors of determinant D ; then (A) a=D? (8) D = implies 4 (C) if D = 27, then Ais perfect cube (D) if D = 27, then Ais perfect square ab (aa-b) Matrix |b © (ba—)| is non invertible if 21 0 Aya (8)a,b,careinAP. (C)a,b,careinGP. (D)a,b, carein HP. darshana Matrices & Determinant [326]16, 17. 18. 194, 20" 24. 224, 23. Let A, B, C, D be real matrices such that A’ = BCD ; B' = CDA; C' = DAB and D = ABC for the matrix M =ABCD, then find M?"* ? an ew om (ym Let A and B be two 2 « 2 matrix with real entries. If AB = © and tr(A) = tr(B) = 0 then (A) Aand B are comutative w.rt. operation of multiplication. (B) A and B are not commutative wrt. operation of multiplication. (C) A and B are both null matrices. {D)BA=0 [1-1 07 0-2 1) then oo - (A) [Al =2 (B) Ais non-singular 112-112 0 (cag.a=| ° in Mo (D) Ais skew symmetric matrix IfAand B are square matrices of order 3, then the true statement is/are (where I is unit matrix) (A) det (A) =-det A (B) IAB is singular then atleast one of Aor Bis singular (C) det (A+1)= 1+ detA (D) det (2A) = 23 det A Let M be a3 x 3 non-singular matrix with det(M) = 4. If M-* adj(adj M) = kil, then the value of (ay42, (6)4 (2 (D)-4 may be IfAX = B where Ais 3 «3 and X and B are 3x1 matrices then which of the following is correct? (A) If JAI = 0 then AX = B has infinite solutions {B) IT AX = B has infinite solutions then [A] = 0 (C) If B adj(A) = 0 and [Al 4 0 then AX = B has unique solution (D) If B adj(A) # 0 & [A] = 0 then AX = B has no solution Which of the following statement(s) is/are true 4x —5y-2z=2 (A) The system of equations 5x - 4y + 22 =3 is Inconsistent. 2x+2y+8z=1 (8) Amatrix‘A’has 6 elements. The number of possible orders of Ais 6. fio 0 (©) Forany2 x 2matrixA, ifA(adjA)=] 9 49], then |Al= 10. (0) _IfAis skew symmetric, then BYAB is also skew symmetric, ab IAS] ¢ 4 | (where be + 0) satisfies the equations x? + k = 0, then (Ajatd (B) k=—|Al (C)k ial (D)atdeo darshnana Matrices & Determinant 327]PART - Ill : COMPREHENSION Comprehension #1 Let 5# be the set of all 3x3 symmetric matrices whose entries are 1,1,1,0,0,0,-1, -1, —1. Bis one of the matrix in set 2 and x ° 1 y u °| v-|° z ° ° 4%. Number of such matrices B in set is 2, then 2.lies in the interval (A) (30, 40) (8) (38, 40) (©) (34,38) (0)(25, 35) 2+. Number of matrices B such that equation BX = U has infinite solutions (A)isat least 6 (B)isnot more than 10 (C) ie between 80 16 (D)is zero, 3*, The equation BX=V {A) is inconsistent for alleast 3 matrices B. {B) is inconsistent for all matrices B. (C) is inconsistent for at most 12 matrices B. {D) has infinite number of solutions for at least 3 matrices B. Comprehension #2 ‘Some special square matrices are defined as follows Nilpotent matrix : A square matrix Ais said to be nilpotent ( of order 2) if, A? be nilpotent of order p, ifp is the least positive integer such that A? = O. ©. Asquare matrix is said to Idempotent matrix : A square matrix Ais said to be idempotent if, A? = A 0 Involutory matrix : A square matrix A is said to be involutory if A? = I, I being the identity matrix. 1 0} Orthogonal matrix : Asquare matrix Ais said to be an orthogonal matrix if A’ A 4. If Nand B are two square matrices such that AB = A& BA=B, then A& B are (A) Idempotent matrices (8) Involutory matrices {C) Orthogonal matrices (0) Nipotent matrices 0 2 5, Ithe matrix|a B 1 (Cys (O)allofthese BB fi 43 6 Thematixa=|5 2 6 |is -3 (A)idempotent matrix (8) involutory matrix (C)nilpotent matrix (O)none of these dakshana Matrices & Determinant [328]Comprehension #3 Rank is a number associated with a matrix which is the highest order of non-singular sub matrix. 13 - 7. Rank of the matrixa=|4 1 © Jig 2-7 4 ay (82 3 (0 yra boc 8, Ifthe matrixA=| @ y+b © | has rank 3, then ab y+e (A)ys (a+b +o) ®)ys1 (c)y=0 (D)yr-(a+b+c)andyr0 9, IfA.& B are two square matrices of order 3 such that rank of matrix AB is two, then (A)A& B both are singular (8)A&B both are non-singular (C) Atleast one of A & Bis singular (D) Atleast one of A & B is non-singular PART - JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS) * Marked Questions may have more than one correct option. 1 1 A ja-[ 4| and Q = PAP and x = P’Q*P, then x is equal to [NT-JEE 2005 Ser, (3,1), 84] 4420053 6015} 20084-20083] 1 1 | 2005 2-V8 2-43. 4 [243 2008 | a 2 2. Ifforthe matrixA= |} :JA"|= 125, then the value of ais [IT-JEE 2005 Main, (3-1), 84] wat (B) +4 (©) 23 (0) 22 ‘Comprehension # 1 (Q.. No. 3 to Q. No. 5) 100 1 2 2 101 itu, U,, and U, are columns matrices satisfying AU, = | ° |, 3) and 324 , o 0 wel] IFU is 3x 3 matrix whose columns are U,, U,, U, then answer the following questions daksnhana Matrices & Determinant B29]3. Thevalue of JUJis [NT-JEE 2006 (5, -2) 184] a3 @)-3 cs (D2 4. The sum of the elements of U-'is [IT-JEE 2006, (5, -2) 184] a1 (6)0 ot (03 3 5. The value of (3 20]U i is [IT-JEE 2006, (5, -2) 184] (5) 3 (A) 5] (Cy Ia] () > 6. Consider the system of equations [IT-JEE 2008, Paper-t, (3,—1), 163] STATEMENT -1 The system of equations has no solution for k #3 and 1 3 ‘STATEMENT-2 EK) forkes. (A) STATEMENT-1 is True, STATEMENT-2 is True ; STATEMENT-2 is a correct explanation for ‘STATEMENT-1 (8) STATEMENT-1 is True, STATEMENT-2 is True ; STATEMENT-2 is NOT a correct explanation for ‘STATEMENT-1 (©) STATEMENT-1 is True, STATEMENT-2is False (0) STATEMENT-1 is False, STATEMENT-2is True 7. Consider the lines given by [IT-JEE 2008, Paper-2, (6, 0), 163] Lj:x+3y-5=0 U:3x-ky-1=0 Up: Sx + 2y- 12 Match the Statements/Expressions in Column I with the Statements / Expressions in Column IT and indicate your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles in the 4 4 matrix given in the ORS. Column I Column It (A) Ly Ly Lyare concurrent, if ® « (B) One of LLL, is parallel to at least one of the other two, i @ & (byt tyformatiange it o ee (©) Ly L,L,donotform a triangle, if () k=5 Comprehension # 2 (Q. No. 8 to Q. No. 10) Let 5€ be the set ofall 3 x 3 symmetric matrices all of whose entries are either 0 or 1. Five of these entries are 1 and four of them are 0, 8, The number of matrices in 3€ is [NT-JEE 2009, Paper-1, (4, -1), 80] (az 6 os (03 dakshana Matrices & Determinant [330]10. x} [1 ‘The number of matrices Ain for which the system of linear equations AJ ¥| =|0| has a unique solution, z| 0 is [IT-JEE 2009, Paper-t, (4, -1), 80] (A) less than 4 (8) at least 4 but less than 7 (C) at least 7 butless than 10 (D) atleast 10 x) ft ‘The number of matrices A in ## for which the system of linear equations A|¥] = |0| is inconsistent, is z| lo (ao (8) more than 2 (2 (01 [T-JEE 2009, Paper-1, (4,1), 80] Comprehension # 3 (Q. No. 11 to 13) 1. 12, 13, 14, 15. Let p be an odd prime number and T,, be the following set of 2 x 2 matrices fal? afanccin2 oa} Ale a ‘The number of Ain T, such that Ais either symmetric or skew-symmetric or both, and det (A) divisible by p is [NTT-JEE 2010, Paper-t, (3,~1), 84] T (A) (p- 1 (B) 2(p—1) (C) (p- 1" +1 (D) 2p-4 The number of Ain T, such that the trace of Ais not divisible by p but det (A) is divisible by p is [Note : The trace of matrix is the sum of its diagonal entries.] _IT-JEE 2040, Paper-t, (3, ~1), 84] (A) (p- 1)(p2—p + 1) (8) p’-(p- 1? (©) (-1" ©) (e-1)(p"-2) The number of Ain T,, such that det (A) is not divisible by pis __[IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-1, (3, -1), 84] (A) 2p? (8) p'- 5p (C)p?-3p (0) p?—p* The number ofall possible values of 0, where 0 <0 0. if a = 2 with b and ¢ satisfying (E), then the value of 3 + Sy is equalto (B)2 (C)3 (0)-3 19. Letb=6, with aand c satisfying (E). If«-and f are the roots of the quadratic equation ax? + bx + c=, then is 6 we (6)7 oF (O)* tab 20. Leto 1 be a cube root of unity and S be the set of all non-singular matrices of the form | ©? ah where each of a, b and cis either @ or a?. Then the number of distinct matrices in the set S is. [NT-JEE 2011, Paper-2, (3, -1), 80] Az (B)6 (c)4 (08 21. Let M be a3 * 3 matrix satisfying [IT-JEE 2011, Pape (4,0), 80) o} [a4 ° mi*}=/ 2], =|°] Then the sum of the diagonal entries of Mis o 3 12. 22, Let P=(a be a3 x 3 matrix and let Q = [bj], where b, = 2a, for 1 4 {D) for a 3 x 3 matrix U, if (M? + MN2)U equals the zero matrix then U is the zero matrix the zero matrix Let X and Y be two arbitrary, 3 * 3, non-zero, skew-symmetric matrices and Z be an arbitrary 3 * 3, non-zero, symmetric matrix. Then which of the following matrices is (are) skew symmetric ? [JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-1 (4, -2)/ 88] (Ay YeZ!= ZV (8) x+y" (©)X'2°-Zx" (D) x84 (isa)? (1420)? (1430)? 2+ay? (2420)? (2+3a)? (3+a)* +20)? (B+3a)? [JEE (Advanced) 2015, P-1 (4, -2)/ 88] (ay-4 @)9 (-9 (04 Which of the following values of a satisfy the equation =~ 64807 PART - Il: JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS) The system of equations ox +y +z=a-1,x+ ay+z=a-1,x+y+az=a—1 has no solution, if «is- [AIEEE 2008, (3, 0), 225] ay (2)not-2 (either—20r4 (4)-2 teatx (14b2)x (1402) Ifa? +b? +02 =—2and f(x)=|(1+a*)x 1+b*x (1+c?)x |, then f(x) is a polynomial of degree (tea? (Leb? x tHe [AIEEE 2008, (3, 0), 225] (2 23 0 (ay 10 ] Induction ? IAIEEE 2008, (3, 0), 225] (1) A= 20-14 (9-1) (Q)A"=nA+ (n=1)T (3)AN = 2" A-(n—1)1 (4)A"=nA-(n—1)1 dakshana Matrices & Determinant [333]10. "1 12, IfA2—A+1=0, then the inverse of Ais- [AIEEE 2005, (1%, 0), 225] (I-A (QA-1 @)A (AFT fr2 13 4 (1) there exist more than one but finite number of B's such that AB = BA (2) there exists exactly one B such that AB = BA (3) there exists infinitely many B's such that AB = BA (4) there cannot exist any B such that AB = BA, ol Let a= | an B= |p p):2.DeN.Then, IAIEEE 2006, (3, -1),120] IfA.and B are square matrices of size n * n such that A?— B? = (A~ B) (A+ 8), then which of the following will be always true ? [AIEEE 2006, (3, -1), 120] (1) AB= BA (2) either A or B is a zero matrix (3) either A or B is an identity matrix ()A=8 55a Leta=|0 4 52]. 1¢442|= 25, then [aj equals - [AIEEE 2007 (3,1), 120] oos 1 (1)? (2)4 Bs (4)5 1 4 io! 1* forx #0, y#0, then D is [AIEEE 2007 (3,1), 120] h 1 4+y| (1) divisible by y but not x (2) divisible by neither x nor y (3) divisible by both x and y (4) divisible by x but not y Let a, b, ¢ be any real numbers. Suppose that there are real numbers x, y, z not all zero such that x= cy +bz, y= az + cx and 2= bx + ay. Then a? + b? +c? + 2abc is equal lo [AIEEE 2008 (3, ~1), 105] (2 (2)-4 (3)0 (4) LetA be a square matrix al of whose entries are integers. Then, which one of the following is true ? IAIEEE 2008 (3, ~1), 105] (1) If det (A) = 1, then A exists but all its entries are not necessarily integers (2) If det (A) # = 1, then A“ exists but all its entries are non-integers (3) If det (A) = #1, then A~* exists and all its entries are integers (4) If det (A) = # 1, then At need not exist Let A be a 2 x 2 matrix with real entries. Let I be the 2 2 identity matrix. Denote by tr(A), the sum of diagonal entries of A, Assume that A? = I AIEEE 2008 (3,—1), 105] Statement-1 If Az I and A - I, then det (A) =~ 1 Statement-2 If A I and A - I, then tr (A) + 0. (1) Statement-t is false, statement-2 is true. (2) Statement-t is true, statement-2 is true; statment-2 is a correct explanation for statement (3) Statement-t is true, statement-2 is true; statement-2 is not a correct explanation for statement-1 (4) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false. LetA be a2 * 2 matrix, Statement-1 : adj(adj (A)) =A. Statement-2 : Jadj Al = [Al [AIEEE 2009 (4,~1), 144] (1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Staternent-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1 (2) Statement-t is true, Statement-2 is false. (3) Statement-t is false, Statement-2 is true. (4) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1 dakshana Matrices & Determinant [334]13. 14, 15, 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. a att at at bet e-4 —b b+1 b-1 a-1 b-1 ct Let a, b, ¢ be such that b(a + c) #0. If + = 0. Then the ce c-t crt] [aya (Ab (-1)%c value of nis - [AIEEE 2009 (4,~1), 144] (1)zero )anyeveninteger (3) anyoddinteger (4) any integer ‘The number of 3 x 3 non-singular matrices, with four entries as 1 and all other entries as 0, is [AIEEE 2010 (8,2), 144] (ns 6 (3) atleast 7 (4) less than 4 LetA be a 2 x 2 matrix with non-zero entries and let A? = I, where Iis 2 * 2 identity matrix. ‘Tr(A) = sum of diagonal elements of A and |A| = determinant of matrix A. [AIEEE 2010 (4,—1), 144] Statement -1 : Tr(A) Statement -2: [Al = 1 (1) Statement -1 is true, Statement-2 is true ; Statement -2 is not a correct explanation for Statement -1 (2) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false. (3) Statement -1 is false, Statement -2 is true. (4) Statement -1 is true, Statement -2is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement Consider the system of inear equations IAIEEE 2010 (4, -1), 144] x, + 2x, +x, =3 Fk + 3K, +x 5 8x, + 5x, # 2x, The system has (1) exactly 3 solutions (2)aunique solution (3) no solution (4) infinite number of solutions Let A and B be two symmetric matrices of order 3, [AIEEE 2011, 1,(4,~1),120] Statement-1 : A(BA) and (AB)A are symmetric matrices. Statement-2 : AB is symmetric matrix if matrix multiplication of A with B is commutative. (1) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for ‘Statement (2) Statement-t is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for Statement-1 (3) Statement-t is true, Statement-2 is false. (4) Statement-t is false, Statement-2 is true. The number of values of k for which the linear equations [AIEEE 2011, 1, (4,1), 120] 4x + ky + 22=0 A posses a non-zero solution is, (13 (22 yt (4) zero kx + 4y+2=0 2x + 2y+z wo 0 [AIEEE 2011, I, (4, -1), 120) (no Q)-H (aH (@)H If the trivial solution is the only solution of the system of equations [AIEEE 2011, 11, (4, -1), 120] x-ky+Z=0, kx+3y—kz=0, 3x+y—Z=0 then the set of all values of k is (1) R-{2,-3) (2)R-{2) (3)R-{-3)} (4){2,-3) Statement - 1 : Determinant of a skew-symmetric matrix of order 3 Statement - 2 : For any matrix A, det (A) = det(A) and det (-A) Where det (B) denotes the determinant of matrix B. Then (1) Both statements are true (2) Both statements are false (3) Statement-1 is false and statement-2 is true (4) Statement-1 is true and statement-2 is false zero,[AIEEE 2014, If, (4, -1), 120] det(A), dakshana Matrices & Determinant [335]22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 1.0 0) LetA=]2 1 0], iu, and u,are column matrices such that Au, ls 24) to [AIEEE-2012, (4, -1)/120] (-1) [* :) (1) 1 1 1 1 fe . oa] alt, oly) of) Let P and Q be 3 x 3 matrices P # Q. If P= Q? and P?Q = QP, then determinant of (P? + Q?) is equal to : [AIEEE-2012, (4, -1)/120] (1)-2 (1 (0 (4-1 ‘The number of values of k, for which the system of equations : (k + 1)x + 8y=4k, kx + (k +3)y=3k—1 has no solution, is [AIEEE -2013, (4, -%) 120] (1) infinite 21 (2 (4)3 fia 3 13. 3] is the adjoint of a 3 « 3 matrix A and |A] = 4, then a_is equal to : 244 [AIEEE -2013, (4, -%) 120] (14 (2)11 (3)5, (4)0 3 tet) 14102) Ifa, B#Oand fin) =a" +prand [1 112) 11) = K (1-2) (1B) (a), then K is equal to fh f(2) 14913) 14804} [JEE(Main) 2014, (4, -), 120] 1 (yt (2)-4 (3) af OB IfAis an 3 x 3 non-singular matrix such that AA’ = A’A and B = A“A’, then BB’ equals [JEE(Main) 2014, (4, -7), 120] (aye (2) (By (3)1+B (4) 12.2 2 1 —2|is a matrix satisfying the equation AAT = 91, where 1 is 3 * 3 identity matrix, then the a2b ordered pair (a, b) is equal to [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, -%), 120] (1) (2-1) (2)(-2,1) (3)(2,1) (4) (-2,-1) The set of all value of 2. for which the system of linear equations : 2x, — 2K, +X, = BK, 2X, — 3K, + 2K, = Ay, =X, + Oy has a non-trivial solution, [JEE(Main) 2015, (4, -%), 120] (1) is an empty set (2)isa singleton (3) contains two elements (4) contains more than two elements dakshana Matrices & Determinant [336]EXERCISE - 1 Section (B) : PART -1 B41. (B) B2. (A) B-3. (A) Section (A): B40) BS) BS) . B7. (B) B8. (C) B92. (B) 10 B40. @) aa [: 2] Ae foram) | Styam(e) } cA.) 62 (A) 6%) 18 1110 [4g 24 c4. (C) C5. (A) cé. (A) A3, AB=|-16 47 "0 BA=|_> ‘| cr () CB A) Ar yer 62-23 42 | Section (D) : Section (B) : D-1. (A) D-2. (B) D-3. (0) : D4. (8) DS (8B) D6. (A) BA PART - Ill / 1. (A)+(8) B)>(—) (C)>(), O) >) ae eeeobn Wsol2-o) 2 A3@, G0) (C76). O)+@ Be. id EXERCISE - 2 Section (C) : PARTI ot ly «| ez i) page” 1A 20 30 40 . 5. (A) 6 (A) 7. (A) B&B) . ° 3 9 (A) 10. (A) 14. (A) 12. (C) ©3, 1 6 9| 43.(A) 14.(B) 15. (C)— 16. (0) | PART-II Section (D) : 1.2 2.64 3836 AND D4 (Dx=3, yea 226 5.50 6 4 780 BANGS. Fad zak where ker | 9%. tor. 6 1% 2 13. 14%. 33-15%. 80 417 PART - II 1. (AD) 2 (BC). (ABCD) + -2) [4 AB) 5 (ABC) & (BD) ot on aecneenm [42] [tansy ame snes) PART-II © | 10.(B,C,0) 11. (A,B,D) 12. (A.B,D) Section (A): 13. (A,B,C,D) 144. (A.B,C,D) 15. (A.C) At (©) AR A) © 46. (B,D) 47. (AD) 18. (B,C) 4 AS. a“) 194.(AB,D) 20%(AC) —24_.(B,C,D) AT (©) AS (8) AS. AA) 224,(A,C,D) 23. (AC) Acto._(A) dakshana Matrices & Determinant B37]PART -IV 4%. (AC) 2%. (AC) 3%. (A.C) 4) 5. © 6 © 7 @) & ©) 2 ©) EXERCISE - 3 PART-1 1A 20 3A 4 @) 5. (A) 6 (A) 7 A>). B.C), O)>0.4.8) 8. (A) 9. (8) 10. (B) 11. (0) 12.0) 130) 43 9 15.4 16.(0) 17.0) 181A) 19.(8) 2A) 21.9 220) 23.0) 24"(A,D) 25°(C,D) 26*(C,D) 27*.(A,B) 28°(C.D) 29.*(8,C) PART-II 14 20 3 4%) 5. (3) 6 (1) 7 (3) 8. (3) 9 4 108) 14) 121) 13. (3) 14. (3) 15. (2) 16. (3) 17.(2) 18.2) 19. (4) 20. (1) 21. (4) 22. (4) 23.8) 24. 2) 25. (2) 26.1) 27. (4) 28. (4) 29. (3) PART-II 5 1 | -8 10 wale |] 25) [14 0] to|-{o 14) 3. LetP(n): X= [ 2. We can write the given eqs. as AX=B (1) +44 Where A=|? -1 1 1-23 144 1-23 5 1(-3+2)-1(6-1) + 1-441 =-970 = AM exists and itis given by A“! = [7 a [-1-5 2 which is the reqd. sol. of the given eqs. osm sinnA} =sinnA cosna}i" © N For P(1): x" cost. sint.A cosA sina = |esint.a costal X= |-sind cos which s given Suppose : P(m)is true cosmAsinmA hen X"= | _sinmA_cosmA Now when in=m +1, en cosmA sinmA| [cosA sin =|-sinma cosmA]:|-sind cosa) cosmAcosA-sinmAsinA cosmAsinA sinmAcosA sinmAcosA—cosmAsinA —sinmAsinA + cosmAcosA | [+ cosA cosB ¥ sinA sinB = cos(A + B)] and sinA cosB # cosA sinB = sin(A + B) =f CsA +A) sit | = |-sinjma +A) cosimA +A) cosim+1)A__sin(m+1)A] sinm+1)A cosim=t)a! = Pm * 1) is true 29-15-14 ~25+25-0 00 ~ ~ =|-20+20-0 24-10 salelo ol ° Pim + 1) 20 +20- ~10-14 FL By the principle of induction, P(n)is true Vn < N, dakshana Matrices & Determinant 1338]-|[3 2 -4 11-2 -140 AM exists. By calculating various cofactors, we get o 2 4 re 1 Tar ask -12 -9 23] -5 13 Now the given equations are 2x -3y +52 = 16 8x + 2y-4z=—-4 xty-2z=-3 2-3 8] [x = |3 2 -4{ly 114-2] /z => AX=BwhereX=|¥ => ATAX)=A7B and B 2-4 +4) #3 (-6 +4) + 5(3-2) =0-6 +5 For any square matrix A, 1 1 A= 9 (AFA) + ZIA-A) 1 Here 5 (A+A\)is a symmetric matrix and 1 2 IAA) is skew-symmetric matrix 13 5] 1-6 -4 Now A 83] awe) 8 6 -46 5] 5 3 5 1 1 135 1-6 -41) faray=4||-68 alls 8 6 -465||5 3 sl) 2 -3 1) _1|-3 16 | 211 9 10 Which is the symmetric part of A. Also $ (A-a) se. = W=-1(0-1)+1(1-0)=240 > AM exists and itis given by st 1 A= TR] agiA= 5 adj A Now caleulaling the various co-factors, we get 1-14 ” Matrices & Determinant B39]2a" [By(1)] 8 1 44) AB=A=|" 1 3] 2 5-3 - 800 1 eo 2 | na: a(35) <1 mete 008 ; 8 Now the given equations. can be written as x) fa i|-e-) zl ia > x=A'c=4ac tec x] [-4 4 24) 1|- 1|- y| 1/7 1\-16 whe aE 8| -2 3 =|72) = x=ay 1 an a2] ape 10. Lot A [ 7 | wher a, = C= a A221 8 (+4? a 2 2 ut? 2 3-2x x+1 HH Leta= | 4 -: Matrix Ais singular al=0 B-2x x44 = fy 4 =O = (12-8x)-(2x+2)=0 12-8x-2x-2=0-> —10x+10=0 3 ~10x=-10 + x=4 30 12, Since A= 1A 23 04 1 Applying R, > 4, we get to-4 3 23 0 o4 4 Applying R, -> R, 1 10-2 3 2 3 o4 4 Appl Appl 8 1 co a} le J Applying R, -» 9R,, we get 1 1 4) {4+ oo to-7} |g + 2{|2 10 a 3 iA oo 4 -12 9 dakshana Matrices & Determinant B40]2 1 gRandR,>R,+ ZR, 23)|2] =[1+4+9]=[14) 3 15. aB=|~“) (121) = 3 14 (apy=|2 ~8 8 1-403 Hence (AB)’ = BA’. 16. The order of matrixA= 3 x4 The order of matrix B = 4 x 3 The order of matrix (AB) = 3 x 3 9-14) [12-1 WA=|2 4 al-lo4 9 TA~(|+A))=7A-[P +A°+31A, (A+ 0] TA=[1+A.At3L AA. +31, Al] = 7A-|-A,-3A-3A= y=2 Thenx+y=3 sincerity truthfulness helpfuiness 3 2 1 20. 4 1 3 y 1 1 1 z {1600 2300| ageg [00 pe BOA, ~ AL W=a-3)-26-3) 416-1) Al -2-1 5 adjA 12 -5 1-8 -2 -1 5 ]/1600 -1 2 -5}}2300 3-1 -s}{900 10001 [200 et ‘s00| 300 5 |-2000] 400 X= 200, Y = 300, Z = 400 1 be alb+e)| aus.=|1 @ be+a) 1 ab c(a+b)| Applying C, > C, + C, 1 be+ab+ac ab+ac 1 ca+be+ab be+ab As = (ab + be + ca) 1 ab+carbe ca+be 11 ab+ac| 11 bevabl - (ab + be + ca) x0=0 11 ca+be [+ The elements of C, and C, are same] a+x a-x a-x| |Sa-x a-x a-x 22. 02 [A-* atx ax]. |3a-x arx a-x| a-x a-x a+x| |3a-x a-x a+x darehana Matrices & Determinant Bal](C,>6,+¢,+¢) 1 a-x a-x 1 atx a-x 1 a-x atx = Ba-x) 1 a-x a-x 2x 0 ROR-R,ROR-R, ax | RO RER: ) 0 =(3a-x) ‘ lo = (Ba-x).1 2x 0 0 2x{ (Expand by C,) = (Ba—x) (4x) > x= 0, 38 2a 2a 2b c-a-b| ja-b-c 2 b-c-a 2c 2c Operate :R, > R, +R, +R, 23. LetA= atb+e atb+e atb+e _| 2 b-c-a 2 2c 2c c-a-b 1 4 1 sarpec [2 b-o-a 2c, 2c c-a-b Operate: C, + C,-C, ,C, + 6,6, 1 ° ° =la+b+c)|® ~(b+e+a) ° ac 0 (e+) Expand by R, |-(a+b+c) 0 F@tPt)] 9 -(arb+e) =(a+b+e)[(at+b+c¥-O]=(atb+c) 24. Applying C, >» C, + (sin6)C, — (cos8)C,, sina cosa 0 sin cosB 0/_4 cosy 0 [+ cos(a + 8) = cosa cos 8 — sina siné ete. and C, = 0] we have siny x44 2x 2x. as.tus=| 2X x+4 2x 2x x xsd Applying C, > C,+C,+C, x44 2x 2x 12x 2x a [Berd x4 KL Leggy |t xed 2x ox+4 2x x+a x Hd Applying R, >, -R,,R, >R,-R, 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 1 2% = (5x44) [0 4x 0 jo 0 4-x| = (8x +4) [114 —x)?- 0] -0 + 0] = (Sx +4 (4 —x}? jt+a?- 2ab -2 LHs.=| 2a 1-874b? 2a 2 2a 1-a?-b?| Applying C, -»C,-bC,,C, -»C, + aC, ta? =b? ° -% a) tea? +b? 2a bit+a? +b?) —a(tva? +b?) 1-a?—b? H 0 2 1 2a =(1tat+ bp -a 1-a*—b?| Applying R, > R, —bR, + aR, Ho -2b =(ieaespyP 1 28 0 14a? +b = (14a? + bap [M(t +a? +b? O}} =(1+a?+ bP =RHS. 1 1p teptq Las. =|2 3420 1+3p+2a 3 6435p 1+6p4+3q Applying R, > R, - 2R,, R, > R,—3R, 1 1p t+p+q oO 4 pt lo 3 ap-2 Expanding along C,, we get = 1[@p—2)- (3p-3)] =3p-2-3p+ RHS We have |3A|= KIA SIAI=KIAl (+2 [KA] = Al) K ar ‘: [A = 7 and order of matrix is 2 ladj Al= 72 = 49 i lagj Al la b ol bc al le a b| We have A= Applying C, > C, + C, + C,, we get larb+e b ¢ tb azPtera © | asyegt © a evarb a 2B ha b| Applying R, > R,—R,,R, > R,—R,, we get dakshana Matrices & Determinant BazHob oe c-b a-d =latb+o)l? Jo ab b=¢ = (a+b +0) [(o—b) (bc) —(a—b) (a—o)] [Expanding along C, ] = (a+ bt) (bo ~c?—b? + be) — (a? ac —ab + bo)] (a+b +c) [2bo — cb? - a? +ac + ab — be] = (a+b +c) [-a'—b?—c? + ab + be + ca] (a+b +6) [a? + b? #0? — ab — be cal = (a? +b! +c! — Sabo) = Flat d+ oila—by+ (0-07 *(¢~ay 31. The given equations are 2,3,10_,4 6.5 0 2434.0 24 488 Bee xy ez Ay zk yz Given equation can be written as AX = B where j2 3 10 fx] ja 6 9 -20 az JA] = [2(120 - 45) - 3(— 80 — 30) + 10(36 + 36)] = [150 + 330 + 720] = 1200 33. a- (i 2a—b=0 = 2a=b ‘i Bc+d=13 Now (i) => a-2a=-1 = a bax 1 x x 34. WehaveLHs =~ 1% Operating R, > R,+R,+R,,wehave fiextx? extn? 14 x+%4 x? 1 x x x 1 Taking out (1 + x + x2) common from R,, we get 1144 (exe) 1M x 7] Now operate C, > C,—C, and C, + C,—C,, we get 1 ° ° (rene xy (IHx)1+x) x(1-x) x =x(I-x) (1-x) Taking out (1 ~ x) common from (1 + x +x2)(1 — x}? 1 00 x tex x + adj. x ox 1 al Now, expanding along R,, we get C, and C, , we get 4 75 150 75 (1+ x + 32)(1 2) (1 + x #2) = (1 8 P * Gao [119-100 30 35. Let the award for Honesty = 72 0 ~24 Let the award for Regularity = y } Let the award for Hardwork 1 (75 10 78) \4 x+y +z= 6000 x-arg -—1_|110 -100 30 | Been = 11000 1200/72 0 2a] |2 x+z-2y=0 a 1040 1] [x] [ 6000 SeeR yey aye veta=|? 9 3] x=], ge [11000 -21 z o S255 The given system is in the matrix from AX = B 1 4 Nowjal= |! ° 3} 3 I -2 4 => (K+ 1) (K+2)— (KB) (K-1) = 4x 3—(1) x (1) 4(0 + 6)—1 (1-3) +1 (-2-0) Hx HD+ Z—(E—3x-K+3) = 1241 =6-(-2)-2=640 3 x84 3x4 24x dx +3) = 13 Ais invertible 3 213415 dakshana Matrices & Determinant B43]-3 3] [ 6000 0 -2| |11000 23 -1}/| 0 36000-33000 = 1) 12000+0 8 | 12000 +3300 x 3000 y| - 1}12000 z] &|21000 z=" 3500 Hence, the award for Honesty =" 500 the award for Regularity =" 2000 and the award for Hard work =" 3500 ‘One more value which the school mustinclude for awards is discipline. => x="500, y=" 2000,, Applying c, +c, +c, +c, tb dc tb 1+1/¢| ti 1 = vist 10 A=abe (1 a’b o 1 [- applying R, > R,-R, R, > R,-R,] zac tetete earl | Asabe (1+ 2 +5 +o) lo 4] [expanding along ¢,][e, ware te tet arate ete t (abe-+be +.ca+ ab \ abc } A= abe +be + ca + ab A=abe 38. Det (A) =[det (A)}" as. [™ 1 ie 1 By property, JA" = JAI", Al = cos%0 + -2 4s 4| sine 1ax+14=32-42 12+ 14= -10 1 tax=-24 wis iar ta 1 1 + tb 4 De) ted Family | Men | Women] Boys Taking a, b and ¢ common from ¢,,¢, and c, respec A 4 6 2 tively B 2 2 4 a toa 39 [cataries | 2400 1900 | 1800 me, 5 Protein | 45 35 33 tat ft sabc|@ "bc abe 4 4 1 tof a ab 4 dakrshana ‘Matrices & Determinant B44]